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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

浙江外研版2018-2019学年初中英语八年级下册Module 2 单元测试卷(二)(含听力音频)

阅读理解

   In modern society there is a lot of disagreementabout competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is good for socialprogress. Others say that competition is bad. It sets one person againstanother. And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

   I have taught many children who believe thattheir self-worth depended on how well they did at tennis and other skills. Forthem, playing well and winning are often life-and death matters. In theirsingle-minded dream of success, the development of many other human qualities (品质)is sadly forgotten.

   However, while some seem to be lost in thedesire (渴望)to succeed, others take a different attitude. In a culture whichvalues only the winners, they are strongly against competition. Among themost vocal are youngsters who are under competitive pressures(压力)from their parents or society. They are always told to be the topones, but they think it's really hard. When I teach these young people, I oftenfind them in a desire to fail. They seem to search for failure(失败)by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they alwayshave an excuse:" I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I reallydidn't try. If I had tried and lost, that would mean a lot."

   Clearly, this belief is the same as that ofthe true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on themistaken belief. They think one's self-respect depends on how well one doescompared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fearbegins to dissolve(消除)can we discover a newmeaning in competition,

(1)、Why do some people welcome competition according to the passag?
A、It pushes society forward. B、It improves one's abilities. C、It develops human qualities. D、It builds up friendly relationship.
(2)、The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means        .
A、those who try their best to win B、those who value competition most highly C、those who depend on others most for success D、those who are against competition most strongly
(3)、Which of the following may the writer agree to?
A、Every effort should be paid back. B、Competition should be encouraged. C、Winning should be a life-and-death matter. D、Fear of failure should be taken away in competition.
(4)、What does this passage mainly talk about?
A、Competition helps to set up self-respect. B、Competition is bad for social development. C、Ideas about competition are different among people. D、Failures are necessary experiences in competition.
举一反三
 阅读理解

"Spell ‘champion,'" Scott told his elder sister.

"C-h-a-m-p-i-o-n."

Unsure about it, Scott still cheered, "You'll win the spelling bee (拼写大赛)!"

Lucy thanked, happy but worried, wondering if her dog Senator would be looked after well when she was away for a week.

"Dad and I will keep him perfectly!" said Scott, dreaming of getting his own pet if he could prove himself.

It was time to leave. Dad wished Lucy good luck.

"See you in a w-e-a-k," Scott said.

"W-e-e-k," Lucy corrected him and said, "Bye!"

Each morning Scott woke up early to feed Senator, leaving a note to remind Dad. After that Scott continued to sleep.

A week later, Lucy returned and told the family she failed. Then she found her dog sick. Scott felt sorry but confused, because he'd been a strict direction-follower.

They came to the animal hospital. After the examination, Lucy was angry, "A terrible stomachache! How could Senator put on two pounds in such a short time?"

Dad said, "I only fed him two scoops of dog food every morning."

Scott shouted, "Dad! You fed him again? Didn't you read my note? It says I've fed him!"

It took Lucy a while to understand before asking Scott how to spell "fed".

"F-e-e-d? Scott! ‘Fed' is spelled f-e-d. But your note says f-e-e-d, telling Dad to feed the dog!"

"So Senator was fed twice?" Dad asked.

Scott said sorry, "I just wanted to be responsible so I could get a dog for my next birthday."

"OK. I'll teach you how to spell correctly and train myself for next year's spelling bee," Lucy said.

"You have a few months to practice before you get one for your birthday," Dad added. 

Scott burst into laughter.

"Having a little brother isn't so bad," Lucy told Senator, "if he can help f-e-e-d!"

 Choose the best answer(根据短文内容, 选择最恰当的答案)

Joel Sartore is a writer, teacher, and photographer. His words and beautiful images show his love of photography and of the natural world. 

Question 1: How did you become a National Geographic photographer?

My first job was for a newspaper. After a few years there, I met a National Geographic photographer. He liked my photos and said I should send some to the magazine. So I did. That led to a one—day job. And that led to a nine—day job, and so on. 

Question 2:     ▲    

To get into National Geographic, you have to give them something they don't have. It's not enough just to be a great photographer. You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or spend maybe several days in a tree. 

Question 3: Is it hard to get a job as a photographer today?

It's now harder to work for magazines. Technology makes it easy to take good pictures, which means there are more photos and photographers. Also, the Web is filled with photos from all around the world that are free, or cost very little. These photos are often good enough to be put in books and magazines. What the magazines need to do these days is to pay for these photos. 

Question 4: I want to be a photographer. Do you have any advice for me?

Advice? Well, work hard. Be passionate (热情的)about every project you work on. Take lots of pictures in different situations. Look at others' photos thoughtfully and learn from them. And be curious about everything. There's something to photograph everywhere. 

 阅读短文,回答问题

Many social media posts(社交媒体帖子) may let you believe that everyone is happy all the time, but being happy all the time is not possible.

As a teenager, you probably expected to get good grades in an exam or to win the most important basketball game, but it didn't happen. Good results make you happy and bad results make you sad. But sadness can drive you to improve yourself next time.

However, when people get into sadness for a long time and it starts to affect(影响) their lives, it's called depression (抑郁). You don't want to get out of bed. You don't feel like studýing or going out with your friends. I remember the same feeling when my dog Rebel died in an accident. I remember that he followed me to school. Now he was gone, and I lost all interests to do anything.

My parents told me dogs don't live forever. What was more, Rebel had a good life. If Ihad a good life, Rebel must be happy, too.

Depression is not a person's mistake. It's normal to feel sad sometimes. Many great people, like the comedy actor Jim Carrey, once get depressed. But you should know what to do to stop depression or make yourself less depressed.

When you feel down, you must not keep yourself away from the world. Try to share your feelings with a family member or a good friend. Staying at home by yourself will make you more lonely. You should stand up, open the window, and throw away (抛弃) the sadness.

 阅读短文,回答问题

Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you'll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies (蝴蝶), for example. They have beautiful wings and magical flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.

But did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It is one of the wonders of nature. In the beginning, the mother lays a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem of a plant. It is hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life begins. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly.

Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This is known as the "pupa (蛹)" stage. After some time, the blanket breaks and a wet butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the beautiful butterfly spreads (张开) its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle (循环) begins all over again.

This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.

 阅读理解

A lot of primary schools in China are doing something to improve naptime conditions (午休条件)for students.

Recently, Dongxing Experimental Primary School in Quanzhou, Fujian, is popular on the Internet. Why? Because the school uses adjustable(可调整的) sleep desks to help students have a better nap. With a simple turn of a knob(旋钮), desks become comfortable beds. In this way, students can rest in a proper way.

Longteng Primary School in Zhengzhou, Henan, is another example. At school, there are some unused classrooms. These classrooms are now naptime rooms with beds and pillows.

For classroom usage, Tianqi Primary School in Wuhan, Hubei, is planning to make unused indoor sports fields and activity rooms future nap spaces. Teachers in Tianqi said, "Students are excited to hear this news. They are looking forward to having a comfortable place to rest."

In the town of Chashan, Liling, Hunan, Meixia Wanquan Primary School plays an important role for a great number of left-behind children who live too far away to return home for a nap. An organization gave them 130 folding beds to make sure every child could have a proper nap.

The new way of napping at school is not only comfortable but also good for health. Medical experts warn, "If students take naps with their face down, it will increase(增加)their eye pressure and finally lead to some eye problems. The lying-down way of napping addresses these worries, and protects the children's health."

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