题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难
安徽省合肥市第六中学2018-2019学年高一上学期英语第一次段考试题
The legal age for drinking alcohol(酒精饮料) in the US is twenty-one. Underage drinking is not only a crime but also a common part of college social life. This week in our Foreign Student Series, we look at alcohol policies at American colleges and universities.
The United States has more than 17 million students in higher education. Each year, 1,700 of them aged 18 to 24 die from alcohol-related road crashes and other injuries. 600,000 more are injured because of alcohol. And almost 700,000 are attacked by another student who has been drinking.
Now, many schools have begun to strengthen(加强)their rules and college officials are trying to prevent too much drinking. Some researchers have found that students who think heavy drinking is normal often think that other students really drink much.
At the University of Oklahoma, new policies came into effect after a nineteen-year-old student died from drinking too much at a party. Now alcohol is banned(禁止) from all university housing. Student organizations can serve alcohol at events but only on Friday and Saturday nights. And they must provide for transportation to and from off-campus parties. Other new requirements include an alcohol educational program that first-year students take online.
The policies govern behavior on campus and off. With the first violation(违规), students pay
75 dollars and their parents are told. They must also take an alcohol education class. They have to pay double if the behavior happens again. Those who violate a third time will have to be driven home for at least one term. The president of Oklahoma says the aim is not just to punish but to change the behavior and the culture at the university.
Hot Air Balloons
| A hot air balloon is made up of 3 main parts:
The Envelope The actual fabric balloon which holds the air.
The Burner The unit which pushes the heat up into the envelope
The Basket Where the passengers and pilot stand |
The basis of how the balloon works is that warmer air rises in cooler air. This is because hot air is lighter than cool air as it has less mass per unit of volume. Mass can be defined by the measure of how much matter something contains. The actual balloon has to be large as it takes a large amount of heated air to lift it off the ground.
The burner uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the ground and into the air. The pilot must keep firing the burner at regular intervals throughout the flight to ensure that the balloon continues to the stable. Naturally, the hot air will not escape from the hot at the very bottom of the envelop as firstly, hot air rises and secondly, the floating power keeps it moving up.
To move the balloon upwards, the pilot opens up the propane value which lets the propane flow to the burner which in turn frees the flame up into the envelope. It works in much the same way as a gas grill: the more you open the valve, the bigger the flame to beat the air and the faster the balloon rises.
The “Parachute Valve” at the very top of the balloon is what is used to bring the balloon down towards the ground. It is a circle of fabric cut out of the top of the envelop which is controlled by a rope which runs down through the middle of the envelope to the basket. If the pilot wants to bring the balloon down, he or she simply pulls on the rope which will open the valve, letting hot air escape, decreasing the inner air temperature. This cooling of air causes the balloon to slow its rise.
The pilot can operate horizontally by changing the vertical position of the balloon because the wind blows in different directions at different altitudes. If the pilot wants to move in a particular direction, he or she simply arises and falls to the appropriate level and rides with the wind.
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