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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

辽宁省大连市2017-2018学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    More than 135,000 UK drinkers will die from cancer caused by alcohol(酒精)by the year 2035, researchers say. A study by Sheffield University and Cancer Research UK shows that alcohol will cost the NHS (National Health Service)£53 billion over the next ten years including £2 billion on cancer.

    Although alcohol is known to cause many types of cancer including breast and throat, most people don't realize the relation between alcohol and cancer. A survey of 2,100 Britons by the researchers earlier this year found nine in ten did not connect drinking with cancer. The researchers used a computer model to work out the numbers of alcohol-related cancer deaths, hospital admissions(入院)and total costs to NHS over the next 20 years.

    The study shows that a fifth of men and 1 in 10 women have alcohol every day—many of these are middle-aged and middle class. Researchers are very worried about this group as they believe cancer may be caused by drinking over long periods. The study shows that even if the cost stays as it is, alcohol-related cancer deaths will rise from 6,299 in 2015 to 7,097 in 2034. Alcohol will lead to 891,299 hospital admissions, up from 802,118 in 2015, and 65,005 will be caused by cancer.

    Earlier this year Chief Medical Officer Dame Sally Davies studied carefully the alcohol guidance(指导)for the first time in thirty years. She told people there was no safe level of drinking and advised them to drink no more than 14 units a week. But researchers say this guidance isn't enough and want the government to increase a little price per unit of alcohol.

(1)、What can we learn from the text?
A、Alcohol will be the main cause of cancer deaths. B、More people will get away from the habit of drinking. C、The computer model can help researchers to cut down costs on cancer. D、Most people are not clear about the relation between alcohol and cancer.
(2)、What is the researchers' hope for the government?
A、To continue to support the study. B、To put up the price of alcohol properly. C、To control alcohol-related cancer deaths. D、To study the alcohol guidance carefully.
(3)、What may be the best title for the text?
A、A Recent Study about Cancer B、The Cost of the NHS on Alcohol C、The Discovery of the Causes of Cancer D、Alcohol-related cancer over the Coming Years
举一反三
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
There are 132 rooms, 32 bathrooms, and 6 floors to accommodate all the people who live in, work in, and visit the White House. There are also 412 doors, 147 windows, 28 fireplaces, 7 staircases, and 3 lifts.
At various times in history, the White House has been known as the “President's Palace”, the “President's House”, and the “Executive Mansion”. President Theodore Roosevelt officially gave the White House its current name in 1901.
The White House receives approximately 6,000 visitors a day.
With five full-time chefs, the White House kitchen is able to serve as many as 140 guests and hors d'oeuvres (开胃菜) to more than 1,000 people.
The White House requires 570 gallons of paint to cover its outside surface.
For recreation, the White House has a variety of facilities available to people who live in, including a tennis court, a jogging track, a swimming pool, a movie theater and a bowling lane.
The first US President to live in the White House was John Adams. Adams and his family moved to the White House in 1800, when the decoration of the building was not finished. And it was not until during Thomas Jefferson's term (1801-1809) that the decoration was finally completed.
President John Tyler (1841-1845) was the first president to have his photo taken. President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) was not only the first president to ride in an automobile, but also the first president to travel outside the country when he visited Panama (巴拿马). President Franklin Roosevelt (1933-1945) was the first president to ride in an airplane.
阅读理解

Best sellers in children's activities & crafts books

The Wonderful Things You Will Be

by Winfield Martin           $ 14.96

4.9 out of 5 stars             Age Range:1-3 years

With beautiful and sometimes humorous pictures, this is a book that parents will love reading over and over to kids, calming them down before sleeping. It has a loving and truthful message that will last for a lifetime.

Peek a WHO

by Nina Laden               $ 4.06

4.8 out of 5 stars             Age Range: 3—7 years

With colorful pictures and simple rhyming texts, the guess of who's hiding on the next page, and the bright and attractive pictures will keep children guessing and laughing all the way to surprising endings.

How to Draw People

by Barbara Soloff Levy       $3.56

4.6 out of 5 star             Age Range: 5-10 years

By joining circles and other common shapes, even the beginners can easily create 30 different characters, a fireman, a mailman, a cowboy, an astronaut and more. Simple directions, step-by-step illustrations and blank practice pages make it even easier. You can color the pictures when you are done. It's a fun-filled way to teach art to young children that enjoy drawing.

Karina Garcia's DIY

by Karina Garcia             $5.78

4.2 out of 5 stars             Age Range: 1—14 years

Get ready to become a slime (软泥) master with fifteen DIY projects! Full-color and with step-by-step pictures, this book also includes tips on how to store your slime, all the amazing things you can do with slime, and cool facts about Karina.

阅读理解

    This may be music to your ears. Researchers P. Jason Rentfrow and Samuel Gosling gave 3,500 people a personality(人格、个性)quiz. "We found that the musical styles people like are closely linked to their personalities," Gosling says.

    RAP/HIP-HOP

    Known for their quick speech, some rappers can say more than 700 syllables(音节)a minute! If you like rap/hip-hop, you are energetic and have a way with words. You put a fresh spin on things, whether it's new moves on the dance floor or your hip style.

    CLASSICAL

    In the 18th century, classical musicians were like rock stars. Beethoven and Mozart, for example, played in crowded concert halls. If you like classical, you are open to new ideas and like debating with friends. Creative and imaginative, you can easily spend many hours scrapbooking(剪贴), writing or painting.

    COUNTRY

    Country music came from the folk songs of English, Scottish, and Irish settlers of the southeastern United States. If you like country, you express your opinions well, which makes you the ideal class president or team captain. Traditional and loyal, you enjoy spending time with your family.

    POP

    Pop music is designed to attract almost everyone, and it does. Each year, the industry brings in about 30 billion dollars! If you like pop, you are attractive to your friends. You can make big things happen, like planning for a huge party or inspiring your team to victory.

    ROCK/ALTERNATIVE

    In the 1950s, rock music created a brand-new culture. Teenagers, for the first time, had an identity separate from adults and children. If you like rock/alternative, you are a risk-taker who never accepts no for an answer. You rise to any challenge, like doing very well in a big exam or landing the lead in the school play.

    If these personality profiles(人格剖析)don't match you, that's OK. These are just for fun.

阅读理解

Blameless

    I was a freshman in college when I met the Whites. They were completely different from my own family, yet I felt at home with them immediately. Jane White and I became friends at school, and her family welcomed me like a long-lost cousin.

    In my family, it was always important to place blame when anything bad happened.

    "Who did this?" my mother would scream about a dirty kitchen.

    "This is all your fault, Katharine," my father would insist when the cat got out or the dishwasher broke.

    From the time we were little, my sister, brothers and I told on each other. We set a place for blame at the dinner table.

    But the Whites didn't worry about who had done what. They picked up the pieces and moved on with their lives. The beauty of this was driven home to me the summer Jane died.

    In July, the White sisters and I decided to take a car trip from their home in Florida to New York. The two older sisters, Sarah and Jane, were college students, and the youngest, Amy, had recently turned sixteen. Proud of having a new driver's license, Amy was excited about practicing her driving on the trip. She showed off her license to everyone she met.

    The big sisters shared the driving of Sarah's new car during the first part of the trip, but when they reached less crowded areas, they let Amy take over. Somewhere in South Carolina, we pulled off the highway to eat. After lunch, Amy got behind the wheel. She came to a crossroads with a stop sign. Whether she was nervous or just didn't see the sign no one would ever know, but Amy continued into the crossroads without stopping. The driver of a large truck, unable to stop in time, ran into our car.

    Jane was killed immediately.

    I was slightly injured. The most difficult thing that I've ever done was to call the Whites to tell them about the accident and that Jane had died. Painful as it was for me to lose a good friend, I knew that it was far worse for them to lose a child.

    When Mr. and Mrs. White arrived at the hospital, they found their two daughters sharing a room. Sarah had a few cuts on the head; Amy's leg was broken. They hugged us all and cried tears of sadness and of joy at seeing their daughters. They wiped away the girls' tears and made a few jokes at Amy as she learned to use her crutches(拐杖).

    To both of their daughters, and especially to Amy, over and over they simply said, "We're so glad that you're alive."

    I was astonished. No blame. No accusations.

    Later, I asked the Whites why they never talked about the fact that Amy was driving and had run a stop sign.

    Mrs. White said, "Jane's gone, and we miss her terribly. Nothing we say or do will ever bring her back. But Amy has her whole life ahead of her. How can she lead a full and happy life if she feels we blame her for her sister's death? "

    They were right. Amy graduated from the University of California and got married several years ago. She works as a teacher of learning-disabled students. She's also a mother of two little girls of her own, the oldest named Jane.

阅读理解

Growing up, we are constantly reminded that young people are heavily affected by technology. We are the "antisocial club", those who prefer to text our friends in the same room rather than make eye contact with them. And even though never-ending studies reveal to us the extent of our social media addiction, we should at least consider that it's not only our young people's problem any more.

There's the rise of the Instagram mums, who like to post an abundance of cute baby pictures, share their mom feelings along the way and show their wonderful lifestyles. They are the so-called "Facebook mum generation", a growing group of parents that like to overshare.

While all of this might be fine, and even a little humorous, new research suggests that parents' technology addiction is negatively affecting their children's behavior. According to the study, 40% of mothers and 32% of fathers have admitted having some sort of phone addiction. This has led to a significant fall in verbal interactions within families and even a decline in mothers' encouraging their children.

There is no denying that I get annoyed when receiving the words "I'll be with you soon" from a parent, when all I want to do is ask one question. But, at the same time, every day leaving the room to wait until my father is finished with his "serious business" (Farmville), has now become the norm. Whether you want to escape your disturbing children for a bit, or want to stay up late flicking through Twitter, know that wanting to do all of these is normal. We, your children, know how addictive it can be and how difficult it is to switch off. But before telling us to put our phones away at the table or even worse, listing statistics of how damaging social media can be for us, maybe lead by example, considering how much time you spend on the phone and how this is impacting your children and your relationship with us. Maybe in this way we can work on our addiction together.

阅读理解

Journalists are the major group of people who make their living from writing. Many young people who see themselves as future novelists choose journalism as a way of earning a living while developing their writing skills. Although writing for newspapers and writing for books require different qualities, the aspiration (志向) to be a great writer is not one to be discouraged in a would-be journalist.

Most people want their work to be recognized by others. This helps to give it value. Some people also want themselves to be recognized, so that they have status (地位) in the eyes of society. It is not a bad motive to wish to be famous, but this must never become your main reason for being a journalist. You will not be a good journalist if you care more for impressing your audience than for serving their needs.

Knowing the power of the printed or spoken word or image, some people enter journalism for the power it will give them to influence people. There is a strong belief that journalists control the mass media but the best journalists recognize their role as servants of the people. There is a difference between the desire to influence events for your own sake, and the desire to do it for other people. You should never use journalism for selfish ends, but you can use it to improve the life of other people.

Curiosity is a natural part of most people's characters and an important ingredient for any journalist. Lots of young men and women enter the profession with the desire to know more about the world without needing to specialize in limited fields of study. Most journalists tend to know a little bit about a lot of things, rather than a lot about one subject. Knowledge has many uses. It can simply help to make you a fuller and more interesting person. It can also give you power over people, especially people who do not have that particular knowledge. Always bear in mind that power can be used in a positive way to improve people's lives.

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