修改时间：2021-07-27 浏览次数：127 类型：单元试卷
There are many great museums in South Africa. Here we will know about some of those museums.
The Heart of Cape Town Museum
Cape Town is famous for many amazing firsts, especially the world's first heart transplant (移植). This surgery was under the careful guidance of professor Christiaan Barnard. This museum honors everyone who played a major role in medicine and put South Africa and the .University of Cape Town on an international stage.
Cost: $20 (adults); $12 (children)
The Iziko South African Museum
Founded in 1825, this museum holds more than 1.5 million objects, especially ancient fossils (化 石) and stone tools made by people living in South Africa millions of years ago. It also clearly presents the appearance of ancient locals.
Cost: $20 (adults); $15 (children 6-17); $7 (children under 6)
The Warrior Toy Museum
If you think museums are only for a select few, the Warrior Toy Museum in Simon's Town will make you change your idea. Having toys of all shapes, sizes, models and themes, it's a great place for young and old to visit. You can share stories about toys that you played when you were young and create new memories with your children.
Cost: $20 (adults); $10 (children 8-16); $5 (children under 8)
The Van Tilburg Collection
The Van Tilburg Collection is a museum that contains 17th and 18th century furniture, paintings and many other works of art from England, France and Italy. And you will also have a chance to enjoy the largest South African collection of Chinese ceramics (陶器).
Cost: $22 (adults); $10 (children)
Isatou Ceesay was born in 1972 in a small village in Gambia, Africa. As a teenager, Ceesay was forced to drop out of school because of poverty. She carried some goods with many girls like her to sell in the market to raise herself At that time, the plastic bags, being strong and light, became popular in Gambia. The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes. Over time, the houses were surrounded by trash.
Ceesay lived in such an environment for many years. She kept learning from the surrounding environment and planned to take action to change. In 1997, she started a recycling movement called One Plastic Bag in Gambia. She educated women in Gambia to recycle plastic waste into income for themselves. In the beginning, the movement had a mission to educate their village colleagues about the need to reuse garbage and recycle plastic waste, rather than letting the garbage increase behind their homes.
Over time, the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around. It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia. But the work of collecting trash turned to be taxing. During the rainy season, plastic waste became wet and difficult to take, and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed.
Ceesay said, "As a habit, people are used to pouring their garbage behind their houses, and because it is not visible, they forget it. But the bad effects again knock on your door very quickly — dirty air, various diseases and so on. Of course, if one man's house is clean but his neighbor's is not, then the man is also not healthy."
For 17 years, Ceesay has contributed to one of the most important problems about the plastic waste. In 2012, she got the TIAW Difference Maker Award in Washington, DC, United States. Her story was written into a book, which inspires many others to join or become makers of change in their own communities.
Scientists have long thought about whether each animal species has a different language, much like different human languages that we cannot understand. Language experts agree on the fact that the way animals communicate through various calls does not fit the definition of human languages.
Animal calls are not considered a language because the calls are limited to signals related to food activities, warning about the presence of enemies and so on. They lack the characteristic of productivity that all human languages share. That is — humans create new expressions every day by combining different words to express meanings. Animal calls are fixed in their meanings, while human language goes further and includes expressions of complex ideas that do not have a limit.
However, animals do communicate. People who study humans believe that people speak with their entire bodies. To express a message, one does not always need words. Have you ever shared a private joke with your friends across the table? All you did was to give them a self-satisfied smile, Animals can communicate in much the same way as humans do. Although animals do not have the ability to speak words, they can use other methods, such as gestures, movements, calls and their sense of smell. In short, most of their communication is not related with speech.
If animals can make noises, why can't they talk? Humans and animals both have the necessary organs that produce sounds, such as lungs, throat, voice box, lips and tongue. But the differences lie in the movement and relative position of these organs that make it possible for us to speak.
When humans developed from apes, a lot of our features were improved to better shape sounds along the way. The mouth started getting smaller and the neck grew longer. All other animals, including our closest animal relatives — chimpanzees, have little similarity, which determines humans' ability to speak.
You've probably heard it a dozen times by now. But here it goes again: Sleep is important. Your mental health and immune (免疫时)system are connected to your sleeping habits. So are your grades, a new study finds. Sleep accounts for nearly one-fourth of the difference among students' grades in a class. So even if you spend hours studying for a test but get too little sleep, you might still do poorly.
Typically, people's sleep schedules are messy and can not be known in advance. Professor Jeffrey Grossman of Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge wanted to see if sleep links to people's learning performance even when a study was done with people who kept such true-to-life schedules at home. So he turned to Fitbits, which can check how long people sleep and how frequently they wake up. And the researchers looked for 100 students. They focused on these students' sleep patterns in the days and weeks before exams and then compared them to these students' test scores.
"How much time a person sleeps the night. before an exam doesn't affect that person's grade," Grossman says. "A student who sleeps 7 hours every night will do better than a student who sleeps 7.5 hours one night and 6.5 hours another night."
"It's important for people to know that if their Fitbits tell them that they have terrible sleep, that may not actually be so," Michael Scullin, a sleep scientist at Baylor University says. Grossman also raises this point. Fitbit, Inc. makes this advanced tool. But it doesn't share how its tool works. This leaves a question about whether the tool is really correct when checking a student's sleep. Even so, Scullin emphasizes that there are enough data supporting ties between sleep and how well someone performs.
"Students need more sleep and less late evening use of phones and other screens. Even with after-school activities and schoolwork, they need to get enough sleep," Grossman says.
Dr The necessary amount of sleep depends a lot on people's health.
I have worked for a local charity for many years. I volunteered there as one of the youth group leaders. The job sometimes was tiring. And one of our favorite activities is called "ARK night" — A couple of times a year, on a Sunday night, all kids in the charity went into our community to perform kind acts for others.
One group typically goes downtown and hands out sandwiches, water and bread. Another group makes posters and goes to local police and fire stations to say "Thank you". Our group often visits nursing homes and hospitals.
One time, the group I was leading left post-it notes (便利贴) with positive messages on the cars in a hospital's parking lot. The hope was that someone who was sad after visiting a patient would be cheered up by our notes. I made the kids write positive messages on the notes. Then we went out to put those notes on cars.
After the kids left their notes on the cars, one girl said, "We didn't see one single person tonight. How will we know our notes made a difference?" I replied, "" But actually I wondered about it, too. Would the notes cheer anyone up? But I had to take those kids back before 9:00 pm.
Later I got the answer. On Monday morning I found a post online by a woman. She described her bad luck over the weekend. "But then," she added, "this morning I found the nicest little note on my car. It made my day." She included a photo of the note. It was one of our notes!
A. Let's stay here and find out.
B. We'll just have to trust that they did.
C. The drivers were surprised by our special notes.
D. But I loved working with those little volunteers.
E. I smiled and couldn't wait to tell the kids the good news.
F. We had spent the first part of the evening preparing notes.
G. The kids are divided into small groups, with each group having a different task.
Dino Impagliazzo cuts onions like a professional cook. The old man makes a great vegetable soup,
1 most of his customers can't even 2 a piece of bread.
Impagliazzo, the founder of the RomAmoR association (协会), began cooking for the homeless fifteen years ago. The 3 came to Impagliazzo when a homeless man asked him for 4. After knowing the gentleman, he discovered that many homeless people in Rome 5to find food on Sundays, when homeless associations were closed. "I realized that perhaps instead of giving him a bill to buy sandwiches, 6 some sandwiches would be better, and thus began our 7," Impagliazzo said.
He started out by making sandwiches from his home, and then moved on to hot meals. 8, his organization moved to a fully-equipped kitchen. Volunteers can now be found cooking up food on a(n) 9 basis. Three days a week, he works alongside 300 volunteers, and then the volunteers 10 the work throughout the week. The positive action never stops for a day.
Besides, recruiting (招募) volunteers is very 11. "We try to make more and more people join the activities so that Rome becomes a city of love where people can 12 each other," said Impagliazzo. Impagliazzo 13 food materials from local stores. The workers there greet him warmly and are always 14 to make a contribution.
Finally, Impagliazzo's 15 has earned him the title of Rome's "chef of the poor".
Yoho National Park is a Canadian national park. (cover) an area of about 507 square miles, it was established in 1886. Yoho National Park (know) as one of the four famous national parks in the Canadian Rockies. Because of its special (locate), Yoho National Park has many mountains, including Mount Stephen, Mount Balfour, Mount Goodsir and so on. The (tall) mountain among them is Mount Stephen. There are also waterfalls in the park. Wapta Falls is the largest waterfall. And Takakkaw Falls is (official) known as the second highest measured waterfall.
Yoho National Park is close three other national parks in the Canadian Rockies. To the north is Jasper National Park, is the largest of the four. Banff National Park borders (接界) Yoho from the east. Kootenay National Park, (name) after one of the two rivers that flow into it, is located to the south.
Although most people like to visit Yoho during the summer, there are quite sizable number of visitors during the spring and autumn. Common summer (activity) include camping, climbing, hiking, fishing, and wildlife viewing.
"Are you sure you want to come with me?" My fifteen-year-old daughter couldn't miss the doubt in my tone. Nikki used to think exercise was similar to slow death.
But that day was different. "Yeah," she said, "I haven't spent much time with you lately." She wore her sweatshirt, took an oversized water bottle and looked at me expectantly.
"Okay, let's go then." Doubtful or not, I was grateful my teenage daughter still wanted to hang out with me.
Suddenly, I had visions of Nikki becoming my new workout partner. And we would build a whole new relationship based on our common love of exercise.
The ten-minute drive to the gym went smoothly. After we entered the two-story building, we found two treadmills (跑步机), side by side. I placed my water bottle in the holder, hung a face towel over the handrail (扶手) and took off my sweatshirt. Nikki's water bottle was too large to fit into the holder, so she set it on the floor and climbed onto her treadmill.
Stepping over to her, I told her how to control the treadmill. "You might want to fasten the safety key to your shirt," I instructed her.
"Why?"
"It'll protect you if you fall."
She rolled her eyes. "That's not going to happen."
I knew from experience that it was useless to argue with her. And really, I'd never actually seen anyone fall from the treadmill, so I figured she had a point. I increased my speed; she increased hers. Several minutes later, I noticed her eyeing the water bottle she'd set on the floor.
"Don't reach for that bottle while you're moving. If you need a drink, stop the treadmill first," I warned.
With an eye roll and headshake, she ignored me. She managed to hold the water bottle, if not gracefully, at least successfully. Maybe I wasn't giving her enough credit. Then I heard a loud thump (碰撞声). It took me a moment to realize that the noise wasn't coming from behind me but beside me.
Paragraph 1:
Looking at my daughter. I was struck by the strange sight of her running on her knees.
Paragraph 2:
"Are you okay?" I took her free hand and asked.
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