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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

任务型阅读

Urban Wildlife

Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wild, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors.

Cities are built for humans. For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.

When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.  Now, they have come to value their winged neighbors. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.

There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo.

If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us.  Our own future will be endangered too.

A. They are built to protect birds.

B. Our actions sometimes help other species.

C. If we do not, more species will become extinct.

D. They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.

E. Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.

F. At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.

G. They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.

举一反三
信息匹配

    “As easy as falling off a log” is often used to describe a job that does not take much effort. You might hear a student say to her friend that her spelling test was “as easy as falling off a log”. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. It is easier to fall off the log than to stay on it.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. One is “easy as pie”. Nothing is easier than eating a piece of sweet, juicy pie unless it is a “piece of cake”.

    “Piece of cake” is another expression that means something is extremely easy to do. A friend might tell you that his new job was a “piece of cake”.

    Another expression is “as easy as shooting fish in a barrel”. It is hard to imagine why anyone would want to shoot fish in a barrel. But, clearly, fish in a barrel would be much easier to shoot than fish in a stream. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

    Sometimes, things that come to us easily, also leave us just as easily. In fact, there is an expression —“easy come, easy go”—that recognizes this. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Easy come, easy go.

    When life itself is easy, when you have no cares or problems, you are on “Easy Street”. Everyone wants to live on that imaginary street.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. It means to treat a person kindly or gently, especially in a situation where you might be expected to be angry with him. A wife might urge her husband to “go easy on” their son, because the boy did not mean to damage the car.

A. If you ever tried to walk on a fallen tree log, you understand what the expression means.

B. You may win a lot of money in a lottery, then spend it all in a few days.

C. Every people has its own way of saying things, its own special expressions.

D. Another “easy” expression is to “go easy on a person”.

E. There are several other expressions that mean the same thing.

F. And one last expression, one that means do not worry or work too hard.

G. In fact, it would be as easy as “falling off a log”.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Humor plays an important role in relationships. In new relationships, humor can be an effective tool not just for attracting the other person but also for overcoming any awkwardness or embarrassment.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Sharing the pleasure of humor creates a sense of connection between two people. When you laugh with one another, you create a positive tie between you. This tie acts as a strong buffer(缓冲) against stress, disagreements, disappointments, and bad patches in a relationship. And laughter really is infectious.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} But don't worry if you're not naturally a lighthearted, humorous person—you can learn to access your playful side and develop your sense of fun.

    Like any tool, humor can be used in negative as well as positive ways. Humor can only help you overcome relationship problems when both partners can understand the joke.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} If your partner or friend isn't likely to appreciate the joke, don't say or do it. Humor in relationships should be equally fun and enjoyable for both people.

Don't use humor to cover up other emotions.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} That's when it is used as a cover for avoiding, rather than coping with, painful emotions. You can be funny about the truth, but covering up the truth isn't funny. When you use humor and playfulness as a cover for other emotions, you create confusion and mistrust in your relationships.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The important thing is to find enjoyable activities that help you embrace your playful nature with other people. As humor and play become an unseparated part of your life, you'll begin to find daily opportunities for using your new-found skills to help build and maintain your relationships.

A. Humor can help you and your loved one.

B. There are times when humor is not healthy.

C. It's important to be sensitive to the other person.

D. It's never too late to develop your humorous side.

E. The more you joke, play, and laugh—the easier it becomes.

F. Just hearing someone laugh can make you smile and join in on the fun.

G. In longer-term relationships, humor can keep things exciting and fresh.

阅读下面的短文和问题,根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求,完成对该问题的回答。

How Bad Are Energy Drinks for Children?

    What Are Energy Drinks?

    There is no clear definition of what makes an energy drink, but it is usually taken that anything non alcoholic with more than 150mg of caffeine per litre is an energy drink. The first of its kind was Lucozade, which was launched in 1927. It was promoted as helping the sick to get better by regaining lost energy. Now there are lots of energy drinks on the market, all claiming to help boost energy levels and aid our performance.

    What's in Energy Drinks?

    We've mentioned the caffeine but energy drinks also contain water and sugar. Some also contain alts and amino acids.

    What Are the Health Concerns?

    The concerns focus on the two main ingredients (成分) of energy drinks, caffeine and sugar. Too much caffeine for children can in the short term cause headaches and raise blood pressure although it is important to mention that caffeine may not harm children in the long term. However, the short term issues do really worry teachers as caffeine can lead to an inability to sleep, which then affects a child's ability to focus and concentrate in class. In fact the maximum recommended (推荐) intake of caffeine for children is 2.5mg for every kilogram a child weighs, so if a child drinks energy drinks, it would be very easy to go over this dose.

    Too much sugar can also cause health problems including obesity, tooth decay and in the long run Type 2 diabetes. So as with caffeine, if children are drinking energy drinks and consuming sugar in foods and other drinks, then it would be easy to go over the daily sugar allowance for a child. The thing to be aware of is what is called free sugars. Free sugars are those sugars which are added to foods or drinks, not the natural sugar found in fruits and vegetables. The amount of free sugar that a child should have is 19 grams per day for those aged 4-6 and 24 grams for those aged 7-10. So again it is easy to see that if children are drinking energy drinks over and above sugar that will be present in food they eat, it would be easy to go over the recommended amount of sugar each day.

    Selling Energy Drinks to Children

    There are currently voluntary bans for shops not to sell energy drinks to children under 16, but there are calls to make this illegal. Some schools have already banned children from bringing these drinks into school.

根据短文内容,在相应的横线上写下相关信息,完成对该问题的回答。

    How do you prove you really are who you say you are? Maybe you have many ways to prove your identity: a birth certificate, a driver's license, a Social Security card, or a passport.

    But imagine that you are one of the one billion people in the world­most of them among the poorest­who have no official identification. No birth certificates. No official ID documents. Nothing. Without a way to prove who you are, you would face huge problems: going to school, seeing a doctor, getting a bank account...

    For the last decade, NandanNilekani has been working to make the world's invisible people visible by giving them access to official identification. One of India's leading technology experts, Nandan joined the government to lead the launch of India's national biometric ID system, which uses fingerprints and other biological characteristics to check the identities of the country's more than 1.3 billion residents. This ID system, known as Aadhaar (Hindi for "foundation"), is the world's largest biometric identification system and has become a valuable government platform for delivering social welfare programs and other government services.

    Now, Aadhaar has enrolled nearly all residents of India. With a trustworthy system to check identities of beneficiaries for everything from pensions to food moneies, the government has been able to save billions of dollars because of reduced cheating and dishonesty.

    Of course, India's ID system has not been without controversy. There were many privacy concerns, including criticism that the Aadhaar system was a mass monitoring tool and that personal data would be misused. Last year, a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of India found that the program did not violate the privacy rights of the country's residents. But in order to prevent misuse of personal data, the court placed tight limits on how the ID system could be used and shared.

    According to the latest data by the World Bank, there are one billion people in the world without an official proof of identity, including 45 percent of the population in sub­Saharan Africa and 17 percent of South Asia's population.

    Thanks to the work Nandan is doing, the world is moving closer to the day when everyone will have access to an official ID. The sooner we can achieve this goal, the sooner the world's poorest residents will not only be able to prove who they are, but also realize their dreams for better lives.

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只填1个单词。

    According to the recently published cultural mindset study from Culture Trip, 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by influences from different cultures. At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in younger generations being more interested in collecting experiences than possessions.

    Welcome to the "new culture economy"

    The collision of the two trends—globalization and the experience economy—has caused a new travel concept with cultural curiosity at its heart. This is the "new culture economy". The phenomenon is having a profound impact on people's interactions and definitions of cultural exploration and presents an incredible commercial opportunity.

    Education, travel, exposure to other customs and the cultural mashup that energes are the more influential social effects of globalization. More than half of respondents from the cultural mindset study have friends living overseas, while 78% have friends or family of different nationalities. Besides, the confines of student debt and unaffordable housing have created a shift in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership.

    Why we travel

    People's social networks expose them to digital influencers and keep them connected to friends or family living in other parts of the world. The combination of these cultural, social and personal drivers has helped us to identify four cultural mindsets.

    ⒈Culturally aware—The motivation to travel among this group is anchored in pleasure. They seek out familiarity and select destinations close to home or reflective of their own culture.

    ⒉Culturally curious—Those with this mindset travel to discover new things and disrupt their everyday routines. They seek some familiarity, but also want to explore boundaries. They want to be seen as someone who is interested in culture, but this is often expressed in terms of visual interest and well-known sites.

    ⒊Culturally immersive—For this group, travel is all about adventure and personal growth. They want to be seen as highly cultured and as "explorers"; they are happy to celebrate when things go wrong, which they see as the key ingredient to making memories.

    ⒋Culturally fluid—The group's identity is shaped by their familiarity with travel. They feel at home everywhere and have adopted a hybrid cultural identity. Memories are often tied to experiences with people that represent the culture they are travelling to rather than sites.

    The environmental trade-off

    The cultural mindset research also sheds light on how people perceive the effect of tourism on the environment and the measures they take to reduce their impact. Two in five millennials—more than any other generation—worry that tourism has a negative impact on the environment and over a third limit how much they travel to reduce their impact.

    While most people won't control their desire to travel entirely, good news is that those who see the world are also the ones taking measures in their everyday lives to reduce their impact on the environment.

How Curiosity and Globalization Are Driving A New Approach to Travel

Introduction

Being {#blank#}1{#/blank#} to different cultures has an impact on people's outlook on life.

The economic situation of the past ten years can {#blank#}2{#/blank#} for young people's shift in values away from materialism.

Welcome to the "new culture economy"

The collision of globalization and the experience economy has given birth to a new travel pattern, which {#blank#}3{#/blank#} cultural curiosity.

A shift in spending patterns has appeared in that a trip is more {#blank#}4{#/blank#} than a house.

Why we travel

How the cultural, social and personal factors {#blank#}5{#/blank#} helps the researchers identify different cultural mindsets.

Culturally aware

People in this group travel for the fun of it and prefer {#blank#}6{#/blank#} close to where they live to seek some familiarity.

Culturally curious

People with this mindset can be regarded as someone interested in culture and {#blank#}7{#/blank#} for exploring boundaries.

Culturally immersive

People belonging to this group think travel will {#blank#}8{#/blank#} to personal growth and create something worth recalling.

Culturally fluid

For this group, they are {#blank#}9{#/blank#} with travel and experiences with the local people representing the culture count.

The environmental trade-off

{#blank#}10{#/blank#} of the negative effect tourism has on the environment, those travelling are willing to take measures like setting a limit to their travel.

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