题型：阅读表达 题类：真题 难易度：普通
北京市2018年中考英语试卷
When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter E. Have you ever thought about why that is so?
In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first four letters are typically considered passing grades. An F in this system simply stands for“fail”.The word“fail”happens to start with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E. The fact”．Some schools have U grade for“unsatisfactory”,or I grade for “incomplete”.
Even with all this said, we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US.
The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College. In 1897, they began to use the following grading scale:
A: 95-100%(excellent) B: 85-94%(good) C: 76-84%(fair)
D: 75%(barely passed) E: below 75%(failed)
We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.
Gradually,the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US. However, many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F.There is no evidence(证据) to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “excellent”.
Why do we have letter grades? Well, part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools. As the 20th century began,growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms. Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.
Today, more and more people argue that letter grades don't fully reflect(反映) student learning. However，as teachers try to improve grading methods, many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids, they are familiar(熟悉) and easy for parents to understand. So while they might not be perfect, the letter grades probably aren't going away any time soon.
①My friend Jenny always takes a CD player with her and listens to loud music. I think it may hurt her ears. But she doesn't seem to care. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} ②Sam saw some bird eggs under a tree when we had a trip in the forest. He wanted to take them home. I stopped him. He's angry with me. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} ③Jack let me play with his favorite toy car. I made it go too fast and crashed. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} ④All my friends have many new clothes. They wear clothes in different style every day. But my parents can't afford(负担得起) it. I think it's a shame. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} ⑤My close friend always wants me to give him the answers in exams. I do that. But I'm afraid I might be caught. If I don't do that, he might not be my friend anymore. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} | A. Try to talk to him, and tell him it's wrong for you two to do that. Then try to help him with his lessons in your spare time. If he can't accept it, let it be. Maybe he's not such a good friend. B. You shouldn't regret（遗憾）. The beauty of one's looking or appearance doesn't stand(代表） for everything. You are young and still depend on your parent. The most important thing is to study hard and you are sure to have a good future. C. Let her know being grown-up isn't so bad. We can have our own idea, do everything in our own ways. D. I used to have the same problem. You can try my ideas; they really work. First, talk about the things you like best and can do best. Then try to make friends with your neighbors. E. You can get some examples from newspapers, magazines or TV shows. Let her know it's really bad. F. Tell him that he has done something bad to animals. If he takes the eggs home, how will their mother feel when she can't find them? On the other hand, what kind of birds are they? G. Say sorry to him first. And try to repair it. Or you may give him your favorite toy car instead. Or buy a new one for him. |
A. When you fail a test, it's better to tell your parents the truth. And if you can't do well in your study, you'd better spend more time on it. B. It's common for friends to have different opinions. You should understand each other and not have argument. C. Everyone is different from others. Just be yourself and try not to care about what others think of you. The more you think about it, the worse you will feel. D. It's a good way to join an English club to practice speaking English. And you can make a vocabulary list to help you remember words. E. Don't give up. If you work really hard, you will succeed even though you start late. Talk to your father and let him support(支持)you. F. You should be friendly and try to talk with your classmates. Good luck! |
This story comes from Nagaland in Northeast India. The Nagas say that, many years ago, the moon lived close to the earth near their village and made friends with the people there. One day, an old woman was cleaning her house. She hit the moon with her brush when she was not looking. The moon began to cry in pain. The children laughed at the crying moon and started to throw stones at it.
Only one little girl felt sad because the children were hurting the moon. She told the children to stop but they did not listen. Soon the moon decided to go and live far away from the earth in the sky so the children from the village could not find it. The moon turned its face away from the earth so the children could not see it.
The little girl was sad and sang a song to make the moon return. This was why, every month, the sky was dark except when the moon turned its face to the earth again to listen to the little girl singing.
根据短文，将下列信息匹配
A | B |
The Nagas believe the moon {#blank#}1{#/blank#} | A. but now it lives far away |
The children threw stones at the moon {#blank#}2{#/blank#} | B. the night's sky shone bright |
In the beginning, the moon lived close to the earth {#blank#}3{#/blank#} | C. to make the moon come back to the earth |
Every month, when the moon turned and showed its full face to the earth,{#blank#}4{#/blank#} | D. ran away because it was afraid |
The girl sang her song {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. | E. because they thought it was funny |
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A. Go to the Doctors as soon as possible. B. But do you know how to deal with this emergency（突发事件）. C. Cover the burn Area. D. Protect Yourself. E. Wash and clear burn area. F. What's the matter? |
{#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Just before the Midnight on Aug. 12th, 2015, a big explosion（大爆炸）hit the port City of Tianjin, China. Lots of people were injured by the explosion. Some of them suffered from chemical burns（灼伤）.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Put on gloves or protection suit（防护衣）. If possible. Avoid exposing yourself to chemical.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#}
Keep the burn area in cold water for at least 20 minutes.
Don't use a strong stream（水流） of water, if possible.
Don't try to deal the burn area with other ways before you see a doctor.
Don't put antibiotic ointment（抗生素药膏） on the burn. This could cause a chemical Reaction（化学反应） that worsens the burn.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}
You can cover a small burn with dry, sterile gauze
（消毒纱布）or clean cloth to protect it from being infected（感染）.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}
Though we can deal with this emergency by ourselves. We are not the doctors. So we must see the doctors for help us with the burn. The sooner you see the doctor, the safer you will be.
{#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Friends are important in our life, because no one wants to be lonely. However, some people have difficulty in making friends and they often feel lonely. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} According to a new study from Chicago University, the reason is that this kind of people have brains（脑）different from common people. And they often feel unsafe when facing strangers.
Does that mean they have no way to become happy again? {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people deal with their loneliness. They provided four steps for getting out of loneliness.
The first step is to accept social invitations even if you don't want to go." It's not enough for people just to get in touch with others online. That's because most people don't show their true selves there," said Dr. Cacioppo, one of this study's scientists. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} As" actions speak louder than words", people need to be active to communicate with others. They also need to meet people with the same interests. Also, they should try to expect the best from each activity. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Who knows what good things are waiting for us?
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A. People who feel lonely B. Another step is to get an action plan. C. After all," tomorrow is another day". D. What's the reason behind that? E. Why don't we like them? F. New ways to deal with loneliness G. No, don't worry. |
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