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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

河南省师范大学附属中学2017-2018学年高二下学期英语4月月考试卷

阅读理解

    As sea levels climb, even Washington, D. C. could see more frequent and widespread flooding at high tide.

    Strong storms and high winds sometimes bring floods to coastal areas. But cities and towns along the US East Coast are flooding even in calm and sunny weather. Among them is Maryland's capital Annapolis. Tourists there must sometimes walk through water flooding downtown streets surrounding the habor. Sometimes water covers roads in Atlantic City, N. J. Even the yards and basements of coastal homes near New York City sometimes flood.

All are suffering from this trend—normal high tides surpass (超过) a rising sea level.

    Sea levels have climbed, on average, about 20 centimeters (8 inches) over the past 135 years. And a sharp increase in tide flooding is one of the more visible impacts affecting many coastal areas, notes William Sweet, an oceanographer.

    Sweet and his co-workers recently analyzed data from 45 tide gauges (计量表) along the US coasts. These tools record the changing heights of tides as they rise and fall. From these data, Sweet's team calculated the number of : “troublesome floods” in various coastal cities. These floods, Sweet explains, typically occur when water level is about 30 centimeters (1foot) above the historic level of the highest tides. In June 2014, the team reported finding a growing rise in these flooding events.

    In Charleston, S.C. from 1957 to 1963, the city experienced troublesome floods an average of 4. 6 days per year. Bur from 2007 to 2013, the occurring rate of troublesome floods jumped five times. Annapolis city was even more serious. From1957 to 1963,troublesome floods were roughly 3. 8 days per year. From 2007 to 2013, the average was 10 times higher- 39. 3days a year.

    “Over the next few decades, climate change probably drives sea levels even higher,” Sweet says. “So today's flooding problems promise to become only more widespread and frequent.”

(1)、What is Paragraph 2 mainly developed by?
A、Making comparisons. B、Analyzing causes. C、Using examples. D、Following time order.
(2)、Why are more flooding problems caused?
A、Because the river levels have been climbing. B、Because climate has changed over the years, C、Because the weather conditions are not stable. D、Because people are living too close to harbors.
(3)、What can it be inferred according to data in Paragraph 5?
A、There has been a growing rise in these analyzed flooding events. B、The changes of heights of tides are usually in a small range. C、The floods in coastal cities often occur when water level is above1foot. D、The number of troublesome floods gradually gets less.
(4)、What is the text mainly about?
A、Sweet's team. B、A flood research. C、The US East Coast. D、American oceanographers.
举一反三
阅读理解

    A couple of weeks ago,my 12-year-old daughter Ella,threatened to take my phone and break it."At night you'll always have your phone out and you'll just type,"Ella says,"I'm ready to go to bed,and try to get you to read stories for me and you're just standing there reading your texts and texting other people,"she adds.I came to realize that I was ignoring her as a father.

    Ella isn't the only kid who feels this way about her parent's relationship with devices.Catherine Steiner-Adair,a psychologist at Harvard,wrote The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationships in the Digital Age.For her book,Steiner-Adair interviewed more than 1,000 kids from the ages of 4 to 18.She talked to hundreds of teachers and parents.

    "One of the many things that knocked my socks off,"she says,"was the consistency(一致性)with which children—whether they were 4 or 8 or 18—talked about feeling exhausted and frustrated or mad trying to get their parents' attention,competing with computer screens or iPhone screens or any kind of technology."

    A couple of years ago,my daughter got a laptop for school.And because she was becoming more independent, we got her a phone.We set up rules for when she could use the device and when she'd need to put it away.We created a charging station,outside her bedroom,where she had to plug in these devices every night.Basically,except for homework,she has to put it all away when she comes home.

    Steiner-Adair says most adults don't set up similar limits in their own lives."We've lost the boundaries that protect work and family life,"she says."So it is very hard to manage yourself and be present in the moments your children need you."

    After my daughter's little intervention(介入),I made myself a promise to create my own charging station.To plug my phone in—somewhere far away—when I am done working for the day.I've been trying to leave it there untouched for most of the weekend.

阅读理解

    Now, I've talked much about education. I've talked about teachers' responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn. I've talked about your parents' responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV .I've talked a lot about your government's responsibility for setting high standards.

    But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, the best schools in the world-and none of it will make a difference, none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities, unless you show up to those schools, unless you pay attention to those teachers, unless you listen to your parents and grandparents and other adults and put in the hard work it takes to succeed. That's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.

    I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself. Every single one of you has something that you're good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That's the opportunity an education can provide.

    And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you'll need an education to do it. You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? You're going to need a good education for every single one of those careers. You cannot drop out of school and just drop into a good job. You've got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.

    That's okay. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures. J.K. Rowling's who wrote Harry Potter- her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team. He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that's why I succeed.”

And even when you're struggling, even when you're discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you, don't ever give up on yourself, because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.

阅读理解

    One form of social prejudice against older people is the belief that they cannot understand or use modern technology. Activities like playing computer games, going on the Net and downloading MP3s are only for the youngsters. Isn't it unfair that older people enjoying a computer game should be frowned(皱眉)upon by their children and grandchildren?

    Nowadays older people have more control over their lives and they play a full part in society. Moreover, better health care has left more people in their sixties and seventies feeling fit and active after retirement. Mental activity, as well as physical exercise, can contribute to better health. Playing computer games is a very effective way of exercising the brain.

    When personal computers were first introduced, most older people didn't believe they would ever familiarize themselves with it. Now computers have been around for a few generations and retired people have gradually become more relaxed about using them for fun. Gamers over 65 prefer playing puzzle games and card games. Kate Stevens, aged 72, says: “I find it very relaxing. It's not very demanding, but you still need to concentrate.”

    Another development that has favored “grey games” is a change in the type of videogames available on the market. There's a greater variety of games to choose from, including more intellectual and complex strategy(策略)and simulation(模拟)games. Internet Chess and Train Simulator are among the most popular of these. Train Simulator is based on real-world rail activities. Players can choose from a variety of challengers, such as keeping to a strict-timetable and using helper engines during a winter storm.

    Some people argue that “grey gamers” simply don't have the skills required for computer games, and that teenagers are better.  This couldn't be further from the truth. Most computer games require the kind of analytical thinking that improves with practice, which means that the “grey gamers: may well be far better than gamers half a century younger than them. In games where speed is the main consideration, older people would be at a disadvantage because they may have slower reaction time. On the other hand, “grey gamers” have a preference for shower paced, mind challenging games.

阅读理解

    The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and pleasure. We use it to learn a new language. We find advice on it. We use it to connect with family and friends. We use it to stay in touch with events we care about. The list goes on and on.

    As far as the Internet being a part of our lives. - Well, that train has left the station. This expression means there is no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health? It might be, say researchers. A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure (血压) in a young group: teenagers.

    The study results show that teens who spend at least 14 hours a week only may cause high blood pressure, which makes your heart and blood vessels (血管) work too hard. Over time, this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack. High blood pressure can also cause heart and other diseases.

    The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. 335 young people, from 14 t0 17 years old, took part in it. 134 0f the teens were described as "heavy Internet users". And researchers found that out of these 134 teens, 26 had high blood pressure. The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy web use with high blood pressure.

    The lead researcher is Andrea CassidyBushrow. She said, "Using the Internet is part of our daily life, but it shouldn't ruin us." Ms. Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. She also suggests that parents shouldn't let their children use the Internet for more than two hours a day, five days a week.

阅读理解

    The value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydney's harbor, city, bay and beach highlights.

    A Sydney Pass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the 'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the 'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbor cruises (游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.

    Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, tasting the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a Sydney Pass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.

    Sydney Passes are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7-calendar-day period. With a 3 or 5-day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All Sydney Passes include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.

    Sydney Pass Fares


Adult

Child

Family

3-day ticket

$90

$45

$225

5-day ticket

$120

$60

$300

7-day ticket

$140

$70

$350

    A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.

    A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.

 阅读短文,回答问题

Much of Earth is unexplored. An ocean census (普查) hopes to change that.

"Earth" has always been an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun. After all, two-thirds of its surface is covered not by earth at all, but by oceans of water.

Because humans are land animals, most of the Earth remains under-explored. Marine (海洋的) biologists think the oceans might host more than 2 million species of marine animals, of which they have so far identified perhaps a tenth.

A new initiative hopes to change this. Launched in London on April 27th, Ocean Census aims to discover 100, 000 new species of marine animal over the coming decade. It is backed by Nekton, a British marine-research institute, and the Nippon foundation, Japan's biggest charitable foundation. Its first ship, the Norwegian icebreaker Kronprins Haakon, set sail on April 29th, bound for the Barents Sea.

The initiative is happening for two reasons. One is that the longer scientists wait, the less there will be to identify. Climate change is heating the oceans, as well as making them more acidic (酸的) as carbon dioxide dissolves goes into the water. Already around half the world's coral reefs (珊瑚)—thought to be home to around 25% of all ocean species—have been lost. Oliver Steeds, Nekton's founder, says that one of Ocean Census's priorities will be identifying species thought to be in the greatest danger from climate change. The second reason is technological. Marine biologist s find about 2, 000 new species a year, a rate hardly changed since Darwin's day. Ocean Census is betting it can go faster.

Exactly what the new effort might turn up is impossible to predict. But history suggests it will be fruitful. Half a century ago scientists discovered hot vents (喷口) on the sea bed. These days, such vents are one possible candidate for the origin of all life on Earth. There are more practical benefits, too. Many drugs, for example, come originally from biological substance. An ocean full of unidentified life will almost certainly prove a rich mine from which to mine more.

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