Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} One is the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies, and accounting. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C.Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.

D.However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.

E.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F.In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.

G.Planning in business management has three main aspects.

    Winter running is the best way to lose winter weight. But before heading out, make sure you have a solid plan. You don't want to come across accident along the way. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Wear the Right Shoes

    The right shoes will depend on the road. You want shoes that are made for the kind of surface you run on. For example, if you are running on slippery surfaces, you want shoes with great friction(摩擦力). {#blank#}2{#/blank#} When trying out a pair of running shoes, check the fit, feel and ride of the shoes. These elements(要素) are important once you take your new shoes out for a run.

    Warm Up

    Warm up is an important part to keep fit. Especially if temperatures drop and your muscles are stiff(僵硬的) from the cold! {#blank#}3{#/blank#} It also prepares the muscles for the intense (激烈的) activity ahead. The cold climate won't feel as cold when you do warm ups. This is because blood flows much faster after a good warm up!

    Deal with Wind

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}The key is to run into the wind and finish by running against it. This keeps icy wind from blasting(用力撞击) your face. To prevent any injuries or accidents, break your run into small parts. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} You can use certain creams on the nose and cheeks to prevent frostbite(冻疮).Don't skip your sun-block if you're running during the day. UVB(紫外线)passes through the clouds. Running for an extended period on a cloudy day will still damage the skin!

A．Don't run in the wind.

B．Running makes you warm.

C．Warming up prevents injuries.

D．It's hard to run if it's too windy.

E．Your shoes should fit very well so you don't slip.

F．Here we are giving you important tips to remember.

G．It also helps to keep the skin protected from the wind.

    Four Ways to Be a Great Roommate

    Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences in college or, easily, one of the worst.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Follow these tips to avoid the common mistakes that turn good roommate relationships sour.

    Talk things out.

    Communication is key. If something happens, sit down with your roommate and have a face-to-face conversation. I've seen roommate relationships fall apart because something happens and, instead of talking to each other, the two start complaining about their roommates behind their backs. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Don't expect to be best friends.

    Some roommates become the best of friends, and some don't. Don't put pressure on yourself or your roommate, especially when you first meet. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} And if your roommate doesn't end up being your best friend, don't worry.

    Ask before you take.

    This applies to food, clothes and anything else. If you want to keep a relationship going, show your roommate that you have respect for what is his or hers by asking first. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}     ◇Clean up after yourself.

    This should do without saying. Don't be lazy. Or, at least, don't bury your roommate in your clothes and garbage. Most people I've come across in college are messy. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} But being considerate with where you put your stuff will help you avoid conflict.

A. So you need to think twice before you help your roommates out.

B. This creates nothing but awkward situations and unhappiness.

C. Even if you both agree to share everything, you should still ask.

D. You don't have all the time to clean your room and keep it organized.

E. It all starts with you to have a good relationship with your roommate.

F. Sometime you get stuck with someone who has tons of negative energy.

G. Remember, you're trying to make a new friend, not to scare your roommate away.

    We all know that a hot, milky drink and a warm bath are supposed to relax you before bed, but many of us still can't slip into sleep. Here are some tips to help you go to sleep.

    Breathe in through your left nostril(鼻孔)

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Sleep specialist Peter Smith says, "Lie on your left side, resting a finger on your right nostril to close it. Start slow, deep breathing in the left nostril." Peter, author of Sleep Better With Natural Therapies, says this technique is particularly good when overheating is preventing sleep.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Relaxing all your muscles can prepare your body for sleep. Anxiety expert Charles Linden says: "Lying on your back, take a deep, slow breath in through your nose and, at the same time, squeeze your toes tightly as if you are trying to curl them under your foot, then loosen them slowly. Breathe again, contract your leg muscles, then your thigh, belly, chest, arms, and so on until you heat all the way up your body. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

    Try to stay awake

Challenge yourself to stay awake— your mind will fight against it! "It's called the sleep paradox(悖论)." says psychotherapist Julie Hirst. She explains: "Keep your eyes wide open, repeat to yourself 'I will not sleep. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, but instead view this as an instruction to sleep and eye muscles tire quickly as sleep turns up."

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Use at least three senses imagining yourself in a situation where you feel content—a paradise(乐园), sailing on calm waters, walking in flower fields.

A. Just imagine

B. Enjoy a paradise

C. Squeeze and relax

D. The brain doesn't process negatives well

E. You must repeat what you have done

F. This yoga method is thought to reduce blood pressure and calm you

G. When you have gone from head to toe, you should feel ready for sleep

Five tips for safe running

    We all know that exercise is good for our health. But some kinds of exercise may be better than others. Running, for example, may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems.

    Running is good exercise, but it can be hard on the body. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Take it easy. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Most people get running injuries when they push themselves too bad. The body needs time to get used to increases in distance or speed.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Listen to your body. Most running injuries do not come unexpectedly. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} They may include body aches, sore muscles(肌肉酸痛) and pain that does not go away.

     {#blank#}4{#/blank#} There is no single best shoe for every runner. You should find the shoes that offer the best fit and support for your feet. More importantly, you should replace your shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers.

    Take good notes. Take time after each run to write down what you did and how you felt. Look for patterns, things that happen over and over again. These notes will help you find the best exercise for you.

    Cross train. As we said earlier, running is hard on your body. So physical fitness experts suggest some form of cross training to improve muscle balance and to help you stay injury free. They say swimming, yoga, and riding a bicycle are good exercises to combine with running. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Get good running shoes.

B. Usually, there are warning signs.

C. Running may also help you live longer.

D. These exercises are easier on the body.

E. Muscles and joints (关节) need time to recover.

F. As advertisements for the running shoes Nike say, “Just do it.”

G. Here are five ideas to reduce the risk of injury.

    We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention. Advertisers, politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic. It's very similar to advertising, whose goal is to get people to buy something, while propaganda is to change what people believe.

    Propaganda Techniques

    To create propaganda, a common technique is name－calling. A politician might call someone a traitor or liar, which makes the other person look bad. Another is the trend technique. People want to be on the side in the favor.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}. Some propaganda is based on fear. It scares people into choosing a certain side or taking action, which might not be bad. Anti－smoking campaigns are one example. They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke, they will get cancer.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

    Propaganda is used by many groups, such as businesses, politicians and the government. It is spread through posters, television and radio. The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world.

    Types of Propaganda

    Political propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. People have used it for many years. War propaganda began during World War I, more than 100 years ago.

    To see if propaganda is saying the truth, people need to do extra work. For example, ads might always sound like they're true. But before you believe them, try to think about who created and paid for them. Find out why they did it.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

A. Propaganda Targets

B. Propaganda Mediums

C. Another word for this is propaganda

D. So most people will agree with those politicians

E. Then, you can decide if they're being honest or not

F. However, religious propaganda was actually the first official one

G. People might join someone who claims to be popular or winning