题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
高中英语人教版选修八Unit 3 Inventors and inventions同步练习
Culture Shock
Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, uncertainty, confusion, etc.) felt when people have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment, such as a foreign country.
Generally speaking, we could say that there are four stages of culture shock. The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you are excited about living in a different place.
The next stage is “the hostility(敌意)stage”. In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was. Moreover, people don't treat you like a guest anymore.
Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”. In this stage, you start to feel more positive. The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.
The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good. The things that originally made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.
Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages.
It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g., from high school to college).
A. You feel that friends should help each other to deal with culture shock.
B. And you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand.
C. In addition, culture shock is not limited to the overseas visitor.
D. You become tired of many things about the new culture.
E. You have learned enough to understand the new culture.
F. You begin to understand you need to travel a lot.
G. And everything seems to be marvelous and everybody seems to be so nice to you.
The UN has recognized the contributions of volunteers on Dec. 5, International Volunteer Day. Here, the four things are offered to consider before taking the leap into overseas volunteering.
Choose your organization carefully
{#blank#}1{#/blank#} volunteering may be a fundraising mechanism（筹资机制）for a development project. For others, volunteering is fundamental to their programs, and those serving take on professional roles in longer-term development.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Volunteers want to help and make a difference, but most know this isn't a purely selfless act. You will learn new skills, broaden your horizons and come to better understand yourself and the world.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Reflect on your motivations. You want to help reduce global poverty or protect the natural world, but what else? Have you always wanted to travel, but not as a tourist? Work with kids? When you understand your motivations, you'll be in a better position to choose the option that is right for you.
Work alongside the local community
Often times, travelers volunteer in isolation（隔离）from the local community in which they are working in.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} This enables you to ensure you are committing to a project that promotes long term and sustainable change.
A volunteer trip is just the beginning
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Further ignite（点燃）the global change maker in you by taking your experience one step further when you return home. Spread the message of your transformative experience to others, helping to spark the change within them.
A. And that's all OK. B. Know why you're going. C. Don't assume you know it all. D. Communities always welcome volunteers. E. Volunteer travel is a life-changing experience. F. Some organizations require you to pay your own way, and often include a fee. G. Make sure to travel with organizations that have strong partnerships with local communities. |
If you'd love to be more eco-friendly but don't know where to begin, start with a few small changes. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Adjust your thermostat（恒温器）to save on heating and cooling costs. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}In summer, set your thermostat to 78 ℉when you're at home and raise the temperature when you're away. In winter, turn your thermostat to 68 ℉ and lower it by 5°-10° when you're sleeping or out of your house. To stay warm in winter, put on a sweater or another layer instead of turning up the thermostat.
Turn off lights and unplug power strips that you're not using. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Some devices can still use energy even when they're turned off. So, turn off the power strips at night to completely cut off energy use. If you need to leave your computer or TV on, try setting it to sleep mode.
Make your taps and toilets low-flow. Cut back on water waste by installing flow restrictor(节流装置) inside your taps and installing a low-flow shower head in your bathroom. This can save 3 to 4 gallons of water for every minute. If you're replacing a toilet, look for a low-flow one to save thousands of gallons of water a year. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Adjust your washing machine to use cold water instead of warm. Since more energy is spent drying the clothes, skip the machine and hang your washed clothes on a clothesline. If you don't have space for a clothesline or can't hang clothes outside, set up a clothes drying rack that you can use inside. Try running your clothes through an extra spin cycle to remove even more water from the clothes. This will make them dry quicker.
A. Replace burned out light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs. B. By doing some small things at home, you can easily reduce your carbon footprint. C. Remember to fix leaky taps or toilets as soon as you notice water dripping. D. Choose sustainable options when you purchase things that are normally packaged in plastic. E. This is an easy way to reduce energy use. F. Use less energy during summer months and winter by controlling your heating and cooling bills. G. Wash your clothes with cold water and line dry them. |
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