阅读理解
Disease, poverty, hate, love — Charles Dickens' stories
opened his readers' eyes to the most important themes of his age. Two hundred years
later, his stories still speak volumes across the world, proving that Dickens' legacy
(遗产) was far greater than just "great-literature".
February 7 marks the 200th anniversary of the writer's birthday. To mark
this date, BBC writer Alex Hudson listed six things Dickens gave the modern world.
Let's take a look at two of them.
A White Christmas
Dickens is described as "the man who invented Christmas"— not the religious festival,
but the cultural aspects that we associate with the festive season today.
In the early
19th century, Christmas was barely worth mentioning, according to critic and writer
Leigh Hunt. The committee which ran the Conservative Party even held ordinary business
meetings on Christmas Day — unthinkable in the West nowadays, when everyone but the most necessary
workers takes at least three days off.
Many people
believe that Dickens' popular descriptions of the festive period became a blueprint
for generations to come. In his classic novel, A Christmas Carol, he not only put
forward the idea of snow at Christmas, but also painted a picture of glowing warmth
—“home enjoyments, affections
and hopes".
In his biography
of Dickens, Peter Ackroyd wrote:" Dickens can be said to have almost single-handedly
created the modern idea of Christmas."
"Dickensian" poverty
Dickens was one of the first to take an honest look at the underclass
and the poor of Victorian London.
He helped popularize the term "red tape" to describe
situations where people in power use needless amounts of bureaucracy (官僚作风) in a way that particularly hurts the weaker
and poorer members of society.
"Dickensian" has now become
a powerful word for describing an unacceptable level of poverty. In 2009, when the
president of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers in the UK wanted to talk
about poverty in some areas of Britain, she did not use words like "terrible"
or "horrific", but rather described it as "life mirroring the times
of Dickens".