We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

    So, you have to give a speech and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank Goodness, it's over. I'm just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”

    Cheep up! It doesn't have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads, and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

    Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

    If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You're not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

    Safe Travel Abroad

    Preparing to go traveling abroad can be really stressful （有压力的）, especially if you don't know what to expect. Here is a list of important things to remember, so you know exactly what you need to do before you take off.

    What vaccines(疫苗) do I need?

    Go to your doctor for advice as soon as you know you're going traveling. They will know what vaccines you will need and will be able to advise you on when you need to have them. Remember, some vaccines need to be given months ahead, so make sure you book an appointment as early as possible.

    Do I need a visa(签证)?

    It's important that you have the correct official documents for traveling abroad. If you don't have the necessary paperwork, you might be refused entry. You'll need to check that your passport hasn't been out of date either.

    How do I arrange travel insurance(保险)?

    Travel insurance is really important. It can protect you in different kinds of situations, such as if you need medical treatment or if your flights are canceled. Travel insurance can be arranged easily online or over the phone, but you can always turn to your local travel agency. Travel agents will also be able to advise you on what you are insured against.

    Do you ever draw? Most of us don't. The reason we usually leave drawing to the artists is that we're not very good at it. Who wants to do anything they're bad at? {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Studies have found drawing has many benefits, artist or not. Here are just a few reasons for picking up a pen or pencil of any kind.

    It pushes you to be patient. We're used to things happening fast these days. Drawing is not fast. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} That's OK, and as something comes together over time, you'll be reminded of the value of patience. Drawing is an object lesson that not everything good comes quickly, which is an easy thing to forget.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} A few of my drawings are really kind of great. Í can look at them with pride. But plenty of my little drawings ate nonsense or unfinished. It doesn't matter. I still have the experience of drawing and the benefits that brings. Even if you're not naturally "good" at drawing, you'll get better over time if you practice. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Your drawing doesn't have to mean anything or do anything useful, Sometimes you will even fail. No big deal.

    It makes memories stick, I draw in order to capture (捕获) moments from my life. I'm not great at drawing, but that's not the point. Sometimes I draw the view from the window of my hotel room-whether it's a great view or not. Remember, the idea is to capture the moment, not create a masterpiece. Other times I draw from my dinner table. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Japanese technology giant Toshiba has built a huge "clean" factory farm where it is growing various types of lettuce (莴苣) leaves without sunlight or soil for sale in its new healthcare business.

    Located in a disused 21,000­square­foot electronics factory in Yokosuka, Toshiba announces to have created a perfect "bacteria­free" environment where it will grow three million bags of lettuce a year.

    Completely cut off from conditions outside the temperature controlled tank, lettuce inspectors wear full body suits while making notes on the quality and growth of the leaves on their iPads in order to prevent the air around the plants becoming contaminated.

    Each plant is given man­made lighting to trick it into believing it is exposed to sunlight, while vitamin and nutrients are put directly into its roots, meaning the lettuce does not need soil.

    Toshiba's new high­tech farm may produce the world's highest quality lettuce. The final product will be free of any form of bacteria or insect life before being placed into sealed (密封的) bags, which should ensure the product has a longer shelf life than other lettuces.

    The gardening technique aims to have a bacteria amount of no more than 1/1000th­much lower than that found in normal gardening soil.

    Toshiba aims to harvest three million bags of leaf lettuce, baby leaf greens, cabbages and other kinds of vegetables every year­with each bag likely to cost people £1.

    The most important thing in organic vegetables, the lettuce requires no pesticides (杀虫剂) but is expected to have a similar shelf to plants that have been heavily treated with chemicals.

    The lettuce factory is no marketing trick by Toshiba, however. Instead it represents the company's latest attempt to expand its technology­led business.

    There are already plans for the technology giant to build similar factories around the world over the coming years and it will also be selling the high tech equipment that allows factories to produce similar products of exceptionally high quality.

How to study for 10^＋ hours a day without getting tired

    Get yourself some good coffee and great green tea. Have a cup of coffee and a cup of green tea beside you while you are studying. The coffee has caffeine (咖啡因), which keeps you refreshed (有精神的), and the green tea has theanine (茶氨酸), which keeps you relaxed and happy. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} It helps refresh you and makes you concentrate on your study.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} This is important. You need to have a period of relaxation time at the end of the day. Relaxation time is important because it is the time that your mind consolidates (巩固) all the information you receive during the day.

    Tell yourself that you're training for becoming better and better. Keep yourself healthy and happy. Regard this as your purpose. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Be sure that you can do this! This is your task. And you have to complete it.

    Learn to keep the mind quiet. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} When you are studying, you will sit down for long periods of time. So make sure you have a good yoga (瑜伽) exercise, which can help quiet your mind.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Every Sunday, write out what you will do over the week. And every day before bed, write out what you will do the next day. Then mark everything as you do it. This will give you happiness because you will feel a sense of achievement every day.

Kids are begging parents for cell phones at younger and younger ages, leaving families with tough choices to make. It might take some time to teach kids how to use phones as tools, not toys. Here are a few ways to get the message across. 

Tell them not to use phones at school. Phones can be a distraction (干扰) from learning when used in the classroom. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}In fact, 43% of teens admit that they often or sometimes use their phones as a way to avoid face-to-face communication with others. 

Encourage them to contact long-distance relatives. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} They're also for keeping in touch with people who you may not get to talk to as often. If you have families who live in another city or state, ask your kids to strike up a conversation. 

Lead by example. Setting an example is not only about how you use your phone, but also about how much you use it. When you feel bored and expect to glance over social media, fight it by taking a short walk. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

Advise them not to use phones at the dinner table. For many families, the only time they truly get together is breaking bread at tbe end of a long day. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Asking your children to leave their phones far from the dinner table is a great way to solve the problem. 

{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Sometimes, kids need a little push in order to make better choices about their phones. If they're struggling with healthy habits, put some real-world events on the calendar. Good options include going to an amusement park, working together on a craft project or signing your kids up for sports.

A．Plan other forms of entertainment.

B．Prepare a dinner together with your children.

C．Screen time before bed reduces sleep quality.

D．They can also prevent students from connecting with one another.

E．So it is wise of parents to stress the importance of parent child time. 

F．Also, instead of reading a headline, why not pull out a book to read?

G．Phones aren't just for texting the best friend who lives two blocks away.