题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
2015-2016学年广东深圳高级中学高二下期中考试英语卷
Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are. You may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. “If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us,” Crabtree told The Guardian.
At the heart of Crabtree's thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense ( 稠密的)farming communities, the need to keep their intelligence in peak condition gradually reduced. This is not hard to understand. Most of the time,pressure is what keeps us going – you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty prompts(促使) you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence – if we think less, we become less smart.
These mutations(变) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence , there are two or more mutations in each of us. However, Crabtree's theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence. For example, spearing a tiger doesn't necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays. “You wouldn't get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldn't exist,” Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. “But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights(洞察力) that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation.”
What is a TEDx event? TEDx brings the spirit of TED's mission of "ideas worth spreading" to local communities around the globe. A TEDx event is a local gathering where live TED-like talks and videos previously recorded at TED conferences are shared with a community. TEDx events are fully planned and coordinated independently, on a community-by-community basis. All TEDx events present multiple issues and a diversity of voices from many disciplines. After all, what's the fun without a little variety? If you want to organize a TEDx event, you'll need to apply for a TEDx license. No one is qualified to organize an event without being granted a license by TED. So you want to organize a TEDx event? Before you start you should know the TEDx rules, which are non-negotiable and mandatory. General rules * We value and welcome young organizers, but if you're under 18 years old, you must be supervised by an adult. TED doesn't grant licenses to individuals associated with controversial or extremist organizations. * TED allocates one location-based license series per application. You must live in the city for which you are applying for a license. Your TEDx event must happen in the city for which you received the license. * Your event must maintain the spirit of TED itself: focused on the power of ideas to change attitudes or lives. Your event may not exceed (超过) one day in length. * Up to 100 individuals may attend your event. Only individuals who have attended an official TED conference may organize an event with more than 100 attendees. Having attended one or multiple TEDx events or TEDWomen does not qualify you to host an event for more than 100 guests. * TEDx events are named after locations, such as cities, neighborhoods, streets etc., and aim to serve that named community. Event names must comply with the guideline laid out in naming your event. Special attentions ※ A TEDx event is not a platform for professional speakers, such as motivational speakers and professional life coaches. Its purpose is to give a platform to those who don't often have one. ※ A TEDx event cannot be used to raise money, not even for a charity. ※ A TEDx event can't be co-branded with an institution except under specific license types – for a college or university, or for internal events (for corporations and organizations). ※ TEDx events may not be used to promote spiritual or religious beliefs, commercial products or any kind of political agenda. ※ Every TEDx event either shows only TED Talk videos to its audience, or shows both TED Talk videos and live speakers from the community. For events less than half a day in length, two TED Talks videos are required to be shown. For longer events, 25% of the total number of talks must be official TED Talk videos. |
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