I went hiking to a mountain with my friends last summer． It was a good trip at the beginning but something unexpected happened on the half way．

    One of my friends, Mike, suddenly felt a terrible pain in his stomach and he couldn't move any further． Nobody knew what to do． One girl tried to call her mum with her mobile phone but there was no signal in the mountain area． Luckily I brought medicine with me． After Mike took some, he felt much better． We walked on, and then we all enjoyed ourselves on the top of the mountain.

    It is said that more than four million people die each year from smoking. That number is frightening.

    Yet people around the world continue to smoke. In the United States, about forty-seven-million adults smoke. This year, more than 430,000 Americans died of diseases which have something to do with smoking. The American Cancer Society(美国癌症协会)says smoking harms the body greatly. It warns that smoking even a number of cigarettes is dangerous.

    Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}In fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised(认定)as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasn't he known for his invention at the time?

    Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.

    In 1850, Meucci and his wife. Ester, moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.

    Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (专利) on his invention. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.

    In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Hangzhou won its bid(申办) for the 2022 Aian Games on September 16^th, 2015. It will be the third time that the Games are held in a Chinese city after Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.

    The well-known capital city of Zhejing Province in the southeast part of the country has a population of 8.9 million. It is a beautiful city with a long history and it has been developing rapidly in recent years. Hosting the Asian Games will give the city another chance to grow.

    "We have seen here the strong wish and the great effort of Hangzhou to host the19th Asian Games," The OCA(亚奥理事会) president praised.

    The Games are set to include 36 to 40 sports. Thirty venues (场馆) have already been completed, while several others are still being built and will be put into use on year before the Games. The Asian Games will be held from September 10 to 25, when the temperature is around 20⁰C.

    "There is no doubt that the event will attract more visitors to experience the beauty and charm of this amazing city. At the same time, more roads will be built and the underground will be added, reducing heavy traffic. But the best part is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class competitions close to our homes." Shao Lin, a local people, told the reporter excitedly.

    With the Asian Games in Hangzhou in September and the World Cup in Qatar(卡塔尔) in November, 2022 will be an exciting year for Asians, especially Chinese sports fans.

    Hangzhou is trying its best to get ready for the big sports show. Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.

    Language is always changing and developing. This isn't a bad thing. If English hadn't changed for a long time, we won't have words to describe telephones, washing machines, computers or some other new things.

    Language changes for several reasons. First, it changes because the needs of its speaker change. New technologies, new products, and new experiences need new words to express them clearly. Another reason for change is that different people have different language experiences. People use different sets of words and expressions, because they have different ages, jobs, education levels(水平) and so on.

    How does language develop then? On the one hand, many of the languages changes begin with young people. When young people communicate with others of their own age, their language grows in grammar, words and expressions that are different from the older people's. Some have a short lifetime but others can influence the language for long. On the other hand, we get new words in many different ways. We borrow them from other languages, we create them by making words shorter or combining words and we make them out of proper names.

    Languages that don't change over time are considered dead languages. The fact that English changes so much shows that it is alive and well.

    No one knows exactly when jazz was invented, or by whom. But it is said that it began in the early 1900s. Jazz was a new kind of music, for America and the world, and New Orleans was its birthplace.

    Who were the jazz pioneers? Most were blacks. This music was not written down, and at first only blacks played it. It was hard for white musicians to learn the new style. But soon they, too, were playing jazz.

    The popularity of this music spread. From New Orleans, it traveled up the Mississippi to Chicago, then to Kansas City and New York. By the 1920s, there were many jazz musicians, both black and white. Many of them were famous. One man was better than the rest. His name was Louis Armstrong.

    Louis Armstrong was a born musician. He was not only talented but also hard-working. He also had a good sense of humor and a big, good-natured smile. These personal qualities were valuable in his rise to fame. After he became famous, he traveled around the world. It seemed that everyone wanted to hear Louis play. But life was not always easy, especially at the beginning.

    Louis Armstrong was born in 1900 in New Orleans. His father never went to school and his mother could hardly read. When Louis was still a kid, his parents separated, and Louis lived with his mother. Their hard life can hardly be imagined. And yet Louis smiled through everything. He later wrote, "My whole life has been filled with happiness. Life was there for me and I accepted it. Whatever happened has been beautiful to me. I love everybody."