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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

初中英语牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1 Past and present单元测试

根据材料内容,选择正确答案。

    Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Why does some land have so many plants growing on it, while other land has almost no plants growing on at all?

    To grow, plants need some things. One is warmth. In very cold places, almost nothing grows, Plants also need water. In very dry parts of the Earth, only a few unusual plants can grow. That's why dry deserts(沙漠)almost don't have trees or grass.

    Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots(根)and grow. They find it difficult to grow on hard land. The town is on hard land. The plants here can only grow in the soil(土壤)between the cracks of the stones.

    Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food.

    What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy(有沙的)beach? A few plants, such as beach grass, will grow in sand, but most plants won't. Even if(即使)the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.

(1)、According to the passage, plants need _______ things to grow well.

A、two B、three C、four D、five
(2)、What does the underlined word "cracks" mean in the text?

A、缝隙 B、表面 C、上面 D、底部
(3)、From the passage, we can know it is _______ for plants to grow in dry places.

A、easy B、difficult C、impossible D、important
(4)、The reason why most plants can't grow on the sandy beach is that _______.

A、there isn't enough sunlight B、there is too much water C、it has too much food there D、it has little food for plants
(5)、We may find the passage in a _______ book.

A、science B、history C、travel D、math
举一反三
    Have successful people ever felt sad? Do they have any “secrets” to success? The answers to these questions can be found in US president Barack Obama's “back to school” speech. Here is an excerpt(摘录) from his speech.
    I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping (饶舌音乐) or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, you're not going to be any of those things.
    But the truth is, being successful is hard. You won't love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem completely important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.
    That's OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures. JK Rowling's first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投篮) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”
    These people succeeded because they understand that you can't let your failures beat you—you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.
    No one's born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.
    Don't be afraid to ask questions. Don't be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn't a sign of weakness; it's a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to admit(承认) when you don't know something, and to learn something new.
    And even when you're struggling, even when you're discouraged (泄气), and you feel like other people have given up on you—don't ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.

The world is not only hungry but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70% of the earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97% of that is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% of fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground and so on. And we can not even use all of that because some of it has been made dirty.
Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember how important water is. The water that we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. Today we face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too.
How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First they pollute the air. Then when it rains, the rain water makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won't have enough clean water. We have to learn how to stop wasting water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system (下水道). From there it returns to the sea or goes underground.
But even though every large city reused its water, we would still not have enough. So we should make use of sea water by removing the salt in it. If we can take these steps, fresh water won't be used up.


阅读理解

    The spring season brings warm weather, flowers and other changes for people to enjoy. For some restaurant cooks, the most exciting spring arrival is ramps.

    Ramps are a wild plant in the eastern mountains of North America. They are one of the first plants that grow in the spring, usually between April and May. They are recognized(意识) by their red stem(茎), and two long and wide green leaves. They are also famous for their strong taste, similar to onions(洋葱).

    Ramps are not as well-known as other vegetables, but they have a long history in the United States. In the Appalachian Mountains, ramps have been an important food for a longtime. During spring, it is common for small towns in the Appalachian area to hold large ramp dinners for the community.

    However, over the last 30 years, ramps popularity has grown quickly. They are now a highly-desired vegetable for many nice restaurants in cities like New York and Washington D.C.

    One reason the plant is popular is that it grows in the wild. It is difficult to grow them on farms. Most restaurants get them from foragers, who collect ramps by searching forests for some small pieces of land where they grow. Ramps have a short season. Within a few weeks of full growth, the plant is done for the year. This shot life is some reason for their popularity.

    And that popularity could lead Io their disappearance from Earth. In 1995, the local government in Quebee, Canada, stopped people selling the plant to businesses in order to protect the plant against being over-dug.

    The season is short, but it has not ended yet. If you are in the right place, you still have time to try a taste of ramps yourself.

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