题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
上海市虹口区2019-2020学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷
Are You Treated Too Nicely?
A new study found that when trying to build high self-esteem in children, parents may unconsciously be creating little narcissists (自恋狂).
Parents who are always praising their children may be trying to develop high self-esteem. In fact, too much special treatment can lead to narcissistic behavior.
" That may not be good for them or for society." Brad Bushman, co-author of the study and professor of communication and psychology at the Ohio State University, said in a press release. "People with high self-esteem think they're as good as others, whereas narcissists think they're better than others."
This study, as well as previous studies about parent-child relationships Bushman has worked on, caused him to alter his own parenting style. When he began his research, he thought that children should be treated like they are special by their parents. He said that interventions (干预) can help parents learn how to better support their children.
"Parent training interventions can, for example, teach parents to express affection and appreciation toward children without telling children that they are superior to others," Bushman said. "Future studies should test whether this can work."
A. Now he is careful not to follow that model.
B. Children whose parents tell them they are special are more likely to become narcissists.
C. But actually, they have realized that they are running their children.
D. Children believe it when their parents tell them that they are more special than others.
E. And he carefully carries out the principle.
F. However, the study showed that loving and emotionally warm parents are more likely to have confident kids.
People who are confident really seem to be naturally outstanding and just seem to do everything with more styles than others. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} It is a habit that everyone can develop in life. Try these simple tips to drill and build up your confidence:
1). Admit your shortcomings calmly.
Do not try to flee from them or cover them. Face them bravely. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Fight against them every day until the day when you could break away and conquer them.
2). Dress for self-confidence.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} And therefore pay attention to your dress, display your unique physical advantages and exhibit your best image. In addition, on formal occasions such as a business conference or a wedding ceremony, elegant dressing contributes to building your confidence.
3). {#blank#}4{#/blank#}
You should break your routine that deals with the work passively. Concentrate your efforts immediately on overcoming it, because it will make your restless mind at ease and build your self-confidence.
4). Be positive.
Feel pity neither on yourself nor on others. If you are used to hating and accusing yourself, others would tend to do that and believe it. Instead, you should speak positively about yourself, your progress, and your bright future. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}
A. Don't judge a person by appearance. B. Build your confident vocabulary. C. Don't put off what you eventually have to do. D. Actually, true self-confidence is neither born nor acquired overnight. E. By doing so, you would encourage your growth in a positive direction. F. Then talk about them to a reliable mate, a friend or a family member. G. Your appearance could put you into embarrassment or increase your confidence. |
If you said you were suffering from "burnout" in the early 1970s, you might have raised some eyebrows.
At the time, the term was informally to describe the side effects that heavy drug users experienced.
However, in 1974, a German-American psychologist Herbert Freudenberger found the volunteers at his clinic were struggling, too: their work was tough, and many were lacking in motivation. Freudenberger defined this condition as a state of extreme tiredness caused by constant overwork-and borrowed the term "burnout" to describe it.
Late last month, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the problem will be recognized as a syndrome (综合征) "resulting from workplace stress that has not been successfully managed."
Feeling the burn so how can you tell if you're almost burned out?
"A lot of the signs and symptoms of pre-burnout would be very similar to depression," says Siobhan Murray, a psychotherapist. She suggests looking out for bad habits, such as increased alcohol consumption and relying on sugar to get you through the day. Also watch out for feelings of tiredness that won't go away or not having the energy to exercise or go for a walk. As soon as you begin to feel this way, Murray advises going to see your doctor. "Depression and pre-burnout are very similar. But it is still classified as an occupational phenomenon which is still best tackled by making lifestyle changes."
And how do you know if you're really on the edge of burnout? "Stress is really important, and anxiety is what motivates us to do well," says Murray. "It's when we're continually exposed to stress and anxiety that it starts to turn into burnout."
You're pre-burnout: What's next?
"Sometimes they feel the need to be too perfect so they're having to work very hard to cover up that they're not quite as good as everyone thinks." Another therapist Walker says.
However, sometimes the work environment is the problem. According to a 2018 study of 7,500 US workers, burnout comes from unfair treatment at work, an unmanageable workload and not knowing what a person's role should involve. Workers were also stressed out by a lack of support from their manager and punreasonable time pressure.
Whatever the cause of your burnout, Murray's top tip is to be kind to yourself.
In Murray's experience, a key driver of burnout is today's culture of wanting it all. Often it's just not possible to have a healthy social life and complete a big project at the same time. She says it's vital to prioritize and not expect too much of yourself; when others seem like the perfect boss, parent and friend all at the same time, they're probably misleading us.
If you feel that you might be close to joining the burnout club, take a step back, figure out what's going wrong-and let yourself off the hook.
Outline |
Details |
{#blank#}1{#/blank#}in the explanation of burnout |
In the early 1970s, it referred to the side effects of drug {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. Freudenberger used it to describe the state of those {#blank#}3{#/blank#} volunteers under overworking conditions. WHO will recognize it as a syndrome arising from the {#blank#}4{#/blank#} to manage stress. |
Symptoms of burnout |
It shares some {#blank#}5{#/blank#} with depression, such as tiredness and {#blank#}6{#/blank#} of energy, due to people's continual exposure to stress and anxiety. |
Causes of burnout |
People are unwilling to admit that they are {#blank#}7{#/blank#}. Companies can't {#blank#}8{#/blank#}favorable working conditions. |
Approaches to {#blank#}9{#/blank#} burnout |
Be {#blank#}10{#/blank#}to yourself: accept what you are; step away from it. |
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