题型:阅读表达 题类:常考题 难易度:困难
北京市西城区20182019学年高二下学期英语期末考试试卷(含小段音频)
How do you prove you really are who you say you are? Maybe you have many ways to prove your identity: a birth certificate, a driver's license, a Social Security card, or a passport.
But imagine that you are one of the one billion people in the worldmost of them among the poorestwho have no official identification. No birth certificates. No official ID documents. Nothing. Without a way to prove who you are, you would face huge problems: going to school, seeing a doctor, getting a bank account...
For the last decade, NandanNilekani has been working to make the world's invisible people visible by giving them access to official identification. One of India's leading technology experts, Nandan joined the government to lead the launch of India's national biometric ID system, which uses fingerprints and other biological characteristics to check the identities of the country's more than 1.3 billion residents. This ID system, known as Aadhaar (Hindi for "foundation"), is the world's largest biometric identification system and has become a valuable government platform for delivering social welfare programs and other government services.
Now, Aadhaar has enrolled nearly all residents of India. With a trustworthy system to check identities of beneficiaries for everything from pensions to food moneies, the government has been able to save billions of dollars because of reduced cheating and dishonesty.
Of course, India's ID system has not been without controversy. There were many privacy concerns, including criticism that the Aadhaar system was a mass monitoring tool and that personal data would be misused. Last year, a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of India found that the program did not violate the privacy rights of the country's residents. But in order to prevent misuse of personal data, the court placed tight limits on how the ID system could be used and shared.
According to the latest data by the World Bank, there are one billion people in the world without an official proof of identity, including 45 percent of the population in subSaharan Africa and 17 percent of South Asia's population.
Thanks to the work Nandan is doing, the world is moving closer to the day when everyone will have access to an official ID. The sooner we can achieve this goal, the sooner the world's poorest residents will not only be able to prove who they are, but also realize their dreams for better lives.
How to find the perfect career
Too many people are not satisfied with their professional career (事业) and are “stuck” in situations that do not make them happy. Here are some wonderful actions you can take to begin the path to a truly happy career.
Talk to your friends.
Ask them, “what do you think I am best at”, or “what do you think I enjoy doing most”. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}However, their advice may help you decide what you should do.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Read some interesting magazines, books, newspapers or novels. They will give you a constant flow of ideas and keep the mind rich.
Talk to the happiest and most successful people you know.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Be serious with your questions. And see if there is anything you can learn from them. Have these people become your teachers and friends.
Keep a journal(日记).
Writing down your ideas is an important practice for your career growth. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}You never know when great ideas will come to your mind!
Develop patience.
You may want a change in your career right now. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Anyway, doing the practices mentioned above will bring about the right chance much faster.
A. Read as widely as possible. B. This may seem like a strange conversation at first. C. Ask them how they realized their dreams. D. Changing careers can be very difficult. E. Talk to your family members. F. But it is necessary to be patient and wait for the right chance to come. G. Carrying a notebook with you at all times is also a great idea. |
Health Mistakes to Avoid Making When Traveling
Everyone is talking about amazing travel experiences. However, there is always the other side of the coin. If you want to add more wonderful travel experiences to your life, make sure you avoid these health mistakes during your next trip.
Refusing injections
At times you are asked to have an injection in order to avoid a certain disease before traveling to your destination. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} In many cases, mosquito bites lead to malaria(疟疾) and there are many other health risks that you may face during your trip. Refusing injections is the worst thing you can do to your health.
Eating out in the street
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}. Yes, it is cheaper and tastier than restaurant meals. However, when visiting a country where clean food and dishes arc not priority (优先),your stomach may not survive this experiment. Just because locals eat street food and feel healthy does not mean you will feel the same.
Drinking tap water
Staying hydrated(吸入水分)is necessary, so is the water choice. Even if locals tell you that their tap water is safe to drink, it is best to choose bottled water. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. it is at least clean. It is always better to be safe than sorry.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Google maps make our travel experiences easier since you can check out the place you are going to visit before you even book the ticket. Unfortunately, not all tourists take advantage of them. This is a successful way to really relax and enjoy the trip.
Even an expert traveler is guilty of making most of these health mistakes. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}, you will probably not commit any of them during the trip, will you?
A. Eat lots of good nutritious food B. Although it is not the healthiest choice C. Budget travelers are all guilty of eating street food D. Being unaware of surroundings E. Make sure you get it F. Now that you know some health mistakes to avoid G. Having a good knowledge of map details |
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eye- glasses.
Protect against UV rays . Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens. B. Eye care should begin early in life. C. They can properly protect your eyes. D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins. E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight. F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear. G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness. |
Have you ever kept your eyes groundward while otherwise presenting yourself well at a job interview? People who do often wonder why they fail to get the job despite having made full preparations and taken into consideration every possible interview question. To a large degree, the problem is not about your verbal preparation but rather your body language at an interview, Preparing your body language for an interview is crucial (至关重要的),because it has various meanings in different cultures.
And how does the language of gestures vary between Chinese and Western society? Instead of examining the theory, let's focus on handshake, the most practical gesture that easily escapes our attention. Patti Wood once said, “Most of the hiring decisions are made in the first 10 seconds of an interview.” The way you shake the interviewer's hand could create the first impression you make. A weak handshake implies lack of confidence. But is it wise to use a powerful handshake? It depends. This would not be a problem if you were shaking hands with a Westerner as they appreciate a firm handshake. But for Asian people a gentler handshake is better, as an over-powerful grip might seem offensive.
Hand gestures are another major difference. Western prospective employers are likely to appreciate interviewees who use their hands expressively, and to assume that those who keep their hands hidden are either distrustful or lacking in confidence. The opposite applies in Asia. Be sure, therefore, to keep your hand gestures to a minimum at interviews with local companies in China.
There are, apart from these two differences, other elements of body language that could ruin your interview wherever you are. You should make eye contact with your interviewer. That doesn't mean you should glare directly into the interviewer's eyes. The best point of focus would be a little lower than the middle point. Secondly, you shouldn't touch your nose, lips or forehead. This tells the interviewer that you are either extremely nervous or lying. Lastly, never jiggle (抖动)your legs or fold your arms. Leg jiggling delivers clearly the message that you feel uneasy and want to escape as quickly as possible. Likewise, crossing your arms implies that you are either defensive or bored.
A research entitled “Non-Verbal Clues in Job Interviews” found that interviewers spotted a high connection between motivation, social skills and employment. Job seekers hence communicate their motivation and social skills through their body language. This crucial factor determines your fate in any job interview, which is why I cannot overemphasize (过分强调)the significance of body language and gestures. If you now recall your last failed interview, perhaps it is easier to understand why you didn't get the job.
Don't let body language {#blank#}1{#/blank#}your job interview |
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Introduction |
It is getting your body language well {#blank#}2{#/blank#}that matters in an interview. |
Major {#blank#}3{#/blank#} between Chinese and Western society |
Handshake, the most practical gesture, can easily be {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Westerners appreciate a firm handshake, which might {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Asian people. |
To westerners, expressive hand gestures show you are {#blank#}6{#/blank#}and confident. In China, you'd better {#blank#}7{#/blank#}your hand gestures. |
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Other elements of body language |
Make {#blank#}8{#/blank#}eye contact with your interviewer. {#blank#}9{#/blank#}touching your nose, lips or forehead. Never jiggle your legs or fold your arms. |
Conclusion |
Your fate in any job interview {#blank#}10{#/blank#}on your body language. |
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