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题型:任务型阅读 题类:真题 难易度:困难

2017年高考英语真题试卷(北京卷)含听力

根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Every animal sleeps,but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 

    One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.  We  know that, while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强)connections between brain cells, but the  memory processes that take place while we sleep  have been unclear.

    Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 

    Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.  The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information —our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

    Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapscs become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size.   “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.

A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. Ti's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Things to Keep in Mind before Moving to New York City

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} So, reading up on New York's history, facts, statistics, facilities, etc, is always a good idea. Learn about the culture, how to deal with people, taxi drivers, manners, or lack of manners that is exhibited there, and so on. It is always best to know what exactly you are getting into rather than landing there and getting a complete shock.

    Before you buy your clothes or shoes, you always try them out first, right? In the same way, before you move to New York, you need to visit it for a couple of days, just do that you can see what the city is like. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    The best and worst thing about New York is that this city is controlled by money. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Then, you need to set aside (留出) an amount for emergencies only. If you are moving to New York with a job, or are planning to get a job once you are in the city, then you need to make sure that your salary covers up all your expenses and the amount that you would set aside for emergencies.

    Finding a neighbourhood in New York is the key to actually enjoying your stay there. If you are moving to the city due to work, then look for living accommodations close to your workplace.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Do you see yourself living in a place that is quiet, like the Upper West Side or East Side, or do you want noisy setups, like the East Village, Lower East Side, or West Village?

    Give the city a chance, make some good memories, and enjoy your stay there. Be safe wherever you go, and don't worry too much.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. The easiest way to survive in New York is to have a friend who knows this city really well.

B. Once you are in New York, you would never want to leave it.

C. Before you move to any city, it is always best to know a little about the city.

D. To start with, you will need to make a budget.

E. You need to decide what kind of neighborhood you want.

F. Take a tour of the city and try to imagine yourself living there.

G. The experience of moving to New York depends on how the city treats you and what you make of the city. 

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    April 22nd every year marks the start of Earth Day, a day that is celebrated annually to raise awareness about our home planet and how we can save it from being damaged. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

①Green-up your home

    This is one of the most common things that people do whenever Earth Day rolls around, that is, switch off(关闭) their lights. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Conserve(节约) energy by switching off all power or electricity points whenever they are not in use. In addition, take out all the plugs from plug points even after switching them off.

② {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Cars, being the greatest source of air pollution, can be left at home this weekend. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Other greener choices are carpooling, riding a bike or you can also walk if you want a healthier choice and if your workplace is not that far away from your home.

③Be a little dirty

    No, we don't mean it 'that way'. We simply mean to say, don't take a bath. Yes, conservation of water is super essential. A day or two without a bath won't harm you, but it will certainly do a lot of good for our planet. A daily shower isn't a matter of health; it's a matter of comfort. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    The future of our planet is in your hands!

A. Started in the year 1970, Earth Day is now celebrated in more than 190 countries each year.

B. Showering every day can wash away the natural oils that our skin and hair need.

C. Do something every day that will improve your surroundings to make the planet a better place to live in.

D. Traveling via public transport is the better choice.

E. Leave your cars at home.

F. Below, we have made a list of things you can do to celebrate Earth Day.

G. However, this is not something you should do just for a day or for only an hour.

任务型阅读

    With the development of society,it is common that many people are rushing all the way and all day,tired and subhealthy.A patient came to see me about the stress in her life{#blank#}1{#/blank#}One was to make her bed—from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work.I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks. She was shocked,probably thinking I'd been brought up by wolves in a forest.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Two weeks later she went into my office merrily.She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years—and nothing bad had happened."And you know what?"she said.“I don't dry my dishes anymore,either.”

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before.The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect.This story shows an important principle about managing time: No one can do it all.Each of us has to make choices and accept trade-offs(利弊权衡).The problem is that many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last.They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    So what is the solution?There's an easy way.Decide what you want in your life,and put that first.On a daily basis,that should include regular meals,enough sleep and time with your family.Exercise,leisure,friendships and hobbies should also he regular aspects of life{#blank#}5{#/blank#}The choice is yours: whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life.Take a nap.Take a walk.Take time to play the piano.Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office. Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers.Fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.

A.However,she went along with my idea.

B.She described all the things she had to do.

C.This woman had made two major breakthroughs.

D.Most people do not take time to relax themselves.

E.They put everyone else's needs ahead of their own.

F.The point is to do something for yourself every day.

G.Above all,you needn't do anything for yourself regularly.

任务型阅读

    Every student is eager to achieve the goals they have set earlier. Here is what experts advise on how to do it.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}When it comes to choosing your goal, make sure that it states exactly what it is that you want to achieve. If your goal seems too big, divide it into simpler, easier tasks.

    Write down your goal. You can write it in a journal or write it on a sticky note. Writing keeps your memory fresh and helps you clear up the clutter (杂乱) in your brain. Try to keep a journal or a diary.

    Break your goal down. By chopping your goal up into manageable sections, it allows you to mentally make your way through the goal until the end of a year.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Therefore, you're far less likely to give up or dodge (逃避) your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything.

    Put a brake (阻力) on distractions. Turn off all distractions like TV, the Internet, your phone and every other gadget you have at home.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Make it happen.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesn't do the heavy work and thinking certainly won't move mountains. Go out every morning knowing what you need to do and then do it!

    Stay positive. Keep saying that you can do it. Stay motivated and be confident.

    Reward yourself.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Every once in a while, if you complete a goal, treat yourself than extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book you've been wanting to read since two months ago.

A. Don't think to yourself that over time you will manage to do it

B. Choose a specific, realistic and important goal

C. It is necessary to choose a proper way to finish the goals

D. Carry out your goal as soon as possible

E. Don't be too hard on yourself

F. This method makes it easier to deal with

G. Keep emails, phone calls, texts, etc. to a minimum.

任务型阅读

    How to Have a Successful Teenage Life

    Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don't they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life, it really isn't that hard.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

    Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school: listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}.

    Do good in your community. Volunteering can not only improve your community's status, but could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression(抑郁) than people who don't.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}.For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.Remember, they're there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.You don't get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you're an adult, you don't get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.

A. Here are some important points that you may find helpful

B. Be nice to your parents and teachers

C. School sets you up on the right track

D. Find chances to do voluntary work that interests you

E. Keep in mind that they do the things because they care about you

F. Live life fully

G. It will help you pass time and develop your personality

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。

Ways to protect eyes from screens

    Too much screen time may cause serious eye strain(眼疲劳) and even a sharp decline of eyesight. That's a big problem a lot of people are faced with nowadays, especially those who work on a computer. The following tips may be helpful.

Get regular eye tests.

    Experts recommend having a comprehensive eye exam every year to detect (探测) problems before they develop. During this test, you should tell the doctor how often you use your phone and your computer. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Tell your doctor about it, and your eyes can be tested more accurately at that distance.

Give your eyes space

     {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Studies on computer-related eye strain suggest that screens should be no closer than 40cm from your face. If this makes it hard for you to read, consider increasing the size of the text rather than moving the screen closer.

Take breaks

    This may not always be practical if you're quite busy, but it's important not to stare directly at a screen for too long.  {#blank#}3{#/blank#} While surveys have shown that many office workers take no more than half an hour a day away from their computer, it's recommended that you take a 15-minute break after every two hours spent at your screen.

     {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Staring at a screen continuously for hours on end may make it difficult for you to focus. To avoid this, many eye experts recommend the “20-20-20 rule” --looking away from your phone/computer screen every 20 minutes and focusing on an object at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. The science behind his trick is that looking at objects at a distance relaxes the focusing muscle in the eye.  {#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

A. Exercise your eyes.

B. Give your eyes a chance to rest.

C. Make your screen more eye-friendly

D. Studies show it's an effective way to reduce tiredness.

E. You should also measure the distance from your eyes to your screen at work.

F. The closer your phone/computer screen is to your eyes, the harder they have to work to focus.

G. Make sure that you use your phone or computer in a room where the lighting is bright enough.

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