题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
人教版（新课程标准）高中英语必修5 Unit 1同步练习三
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A. The origins of acting are in the act of remembering. B. Drama in Greece began with festivals honoring Dionysus. C. It is believed that this was the first step in the development of acting. D. Historical records show that this desire is as old as civilization itself. E. Acting is not, as many people think, a quick, easy road to fame and riches. F. Broadway and television provide other stages on which actors can display their talent. G. As a result, they had little opportunity to show their individual personalities. |
If you have ever been in a school play or ever made believe you were a doctor, detective, or a space traveler, you know the enjoyment that acting brings. Almost all of us have the wish to play the part of someone or something else.
In the ancient world, acting was often associated with religious ceremonies and other special occasions. As far back as 2,200 B. C. trained Chinese actors performed ceremonial dances in costume and makeup at harvest festivals. To the dance was gradually added pantomime (哑语)—the imitation of movements and gestures—as well as the wearing of masks, the singing of chants, and finally the use of dialogue.
While acting was coming into its own in the ancient Chinese classical theatre, it was doing the same in the western world, in Greece. From about 500 B. C. on, acting became a highly specialized art in Greece. Greek actors, however, still wore masks, and their motions were largely fixed by custom.
Modern acting, by contrast, gives the individual actor great opportunity to develop his or her personal talents for serious, comic, or musical drama. The names, faces styles of famous movie actors are known worldwide. A special form of acting takes place in radio drama, which was highly popular before television. In radio drama the actors face an unique challenge. They are unseen by their audience. So they must rely on voice alone to make their characters real to the listeners.
Only forty percent of Broadway actors are employed, most of them for only part of the year. Those who become stars need not only talent, but determination. They must not be easily discouraged. Otherwise, they might give up before the opportunity for stardom presents itself.
Sometimes willpower is a lot like the television remote control—hard to find just when you want it most. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But there are ways to increase your willpower.
*Don't try to change your economic situation, win a promotion or lose weight all on the same morning. Set one clear, specific goal and make a realistic plan to achieve. Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so don't spread yourself too thin. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
*Whatever your goal is, don't expect to achieve it overnight,{#blank#}3{#/blank#}If you are trying to kick a coffee habit, start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water, instead of promising never to drink coffee again. Congratulate yourself on the small achievements. These successes help your willpower grow.
*{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help. If your credit card bills have risen, for instance, let friends know that you are cutting back on expenses. Suggest having a common dinner instead of meeting at an expensive restaurant. Find a support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meetings. You can get valuable advice, understanding and information.
*If possible, change your environment to encourage positive behavior. Want to get in shape? Keep an extra set of workout clothes in your office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home. Quitting smoking?{#blank#}5{#/blank#}
A. Real success takes time. B. Focus on one goal at a time. C. Change your environment to change your life. D. Improve your willpower by a support network. E. Changing your behavior requires more than willpower. F. Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up. G. Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficult. |
Fitting in fitness
Do you find excuses not to exercise? {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Here are a few ways to get you going.
Do what you love.
The easiest way to fall into the habit of doing exercise is to choose an activity you enjoy — one that doesn't feel like exercise, even though it is. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} If you play to your strengths, you'll find fitness activities you can enjoy for years.
Choose your hour.
Studies have shown that people who work out in the morning are most likely to stick with a routine. By doing exercise before the day starts, they can avoid the last-minute scheduling conflicts. But if you' re not a morning person, choose whatever time works best for you. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
Call it by another name.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} If it's something you have to do anyway — like washing the car or planting some bushes in the yard — you'll achieve two goals at once.
Partner up.
Exercise is more fun when you do it with others. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} On days when your motivation is low, you' re more likely to stick with the programme to avoid disappointing your exercise partners. You can also train with an expert. A personal trainer will help you set goals, design a personalized fitness programme, and vary your routine to keep it challenging.
A. Ask yourself: what am I good at? B. Make fitness part of your social routine. C. For example, you can join a running, walking, hiking, biking or tennis club. D. If you're in top form from noon to 1 pm, aim for a lunchtime workout. E. Would you rather do anything else — even sort your socks or clean the fridge? F. If a damp T-shirt is not your idea of a good time, try gentler forms of exercise. G. Substitute some challenging household activity for the standard exercise routine. |
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