“程,课程也,二物者二程,三物者三程,皆如物数程之,并列为行,故谓之方程”这是我国古代著名数学家刘徽在《九章算术》对方程一词给出的注释我们有如下两个约定:(Ⅰ)方程的整数解称之为“暖根”:(Ⅱ)若两个方程存在一个相同的解,则称这两个方程为“同源方程”.
(1)、已知一元一次方程
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo+stretchy%3D%22false%22%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo+stretchy%3D%22false%22%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
①与分式方程
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
②:方程①有“暖根”吗?
填(有或没有);方程②有“暖根”吗?
填(有或没有);它们是“同源方程”吗?
填(是或不是)
(2)、已知关于x,y二元一次方程:
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3En%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(其中m,n为常数)它们是“同源方程”吗?如果是,请写出它们的公共解:如果不是,请说明理由;
(3)、已知关于x的方程:
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(其中k为常数)分别都有“暖根”,求k的值.