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题型:完形填空 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

北京市大兴区2019-2020学年高一下学期英语期末试卷

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be1by the whole word, 2the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace.

    But one woman has3 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great4. Jane Goodall's lifelong5 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall6going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days,as young7didn't think of having such “wild" actions. But she was8 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something,she should work hard, take advantage of9 and never give up looking for a way.

    When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily10 it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the11person he was looking for to begin a12of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania.

    In the beginning, studying the chimps was not13 for her. The animals, fled from her 14. With a strong15, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too16. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.

    In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using17to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw18on the popular idea at the time that man was the world's only toolmaker. The longer Goodall's research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very19to humans.

    Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people's sense about environmental20. “Let's live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love," she said.

(1)
A、recognized B、known C、accepted D、admitted
(2)
A、receiving B、giving C、enjoying D、having
(3)
A、done B、proved C、achieved D、realized
(4)
A、discoveries B、decisions C、choices D、findings
(5)
A、study B、interest C、sense D、dream
(6)
A、was fond of B、was tired of C、insisted on D、dreamed of
(7)
A、boys B、girls C、men D、women
(8)
A、encouraged B、prevented C、advised D、forced
(9)
A、knowledge B、youth C、hope D、chances
(10)
A、accepted B、refused C、received D、considered
(11)
A、only B、last C、special D、first
(12)
A、project B、study C、centre D、career
(13)
A、hard B、interesting C、easy D、convenient
(14)
A、in surprise B、in a hurry C、as expected D、in fear
(15)
A、will B、body C、desire D、mind
(16)
A、far B、near C、soon D、much
(17)
A、nets B、tools C、holes D、spoons
(18)
A、doubt B、light C、questions D、beliefs
(19)
A、close B、similar C、friendly D、helpful
(20)
A、improvement B、protection C、pollution D、destruction
举一反三
 完形填空

Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been 1 to pay lawyers' fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a serious disease. There was no 2 , only pain relief. 

Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers'(徒步旅行者) guide.

This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 3 

recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just £320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 4 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 5 hamburger shop treat. 

Wild camping is 6 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 7 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 8 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 9 , found his symptoms were strangely 10 by their daily tiring journey. 

11 , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had lost forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 12 to a thread, but we were alive." 

During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, "13 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 14 written book. It had also given me a choice, either to leave that page 15 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope." 

阅读理解

A farmer grew some vegetables in his garden. One day his wife was ill and he had no money. He had to sell some cabbages and carrots in the market. The next morning he took two baskets of vegetables to town. But it was raining hard that afternoon and there were few people in the street. When his vegetables were sold out, it was dark. He bought some medicine and hurried to his village. 

On his way home he saw a person lying on the snow. He placed his baskets on the ground and was going to help the person to get up. At that time he found it was a dead man and there was much blood on his body. He was so afraid that he ran away quickly, without taking the baskets with him. 

The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station. Having shown the baskets, an officer asked: "Are these yours?" "Yes, sir." the farmer answered timidly (胆怯)."Have you killed the man?" "No, no, sir." the farmer said in a hurry. "When did you see the dead man?" "About seven last evening." "Did you see who killed the man?" "No, Sir." The officer brought out a knife and asked, "Have you seen it yet?" "No, Sir." The officer became angry and told the policemen to beat him up and send him into prison. 

That evening the officer went on trying. Pointing to the knife, he asked again, "Have you seen it yet?" "Yes, Sir." The officer was happy and asked, "When and where?" "I saw it here this afternoon, sir."

 阅读理解

On a recent Wednesday, archaeologists announced a groundbreaking discovery that challenges our understanding of early human capabilities. They have unearthed what is believed to be the oldest wooden structure ever found, dating back nearly half a million years. This discovery at Kalambo Falls in northern Zambia, near the border with Tanzania, suggests that our ancestors were more technologically advanced than previously thought.

The wooden structure, which is exceptionally well-preserved, dates back at least 476,000 years. This timeline predates the emergence of Homo sapiens, as detailed in a study published in the journal Nature. The wood shows evidence of having been cut and shaped using stone tools, indicating a level of craftsmanship that was not previously attributed to these early humans.

The structure, which is thought to have functioned as a walkway or platform elevated above the seasonally wet ground, demonstrates a purposeful construction technique. A collection of wooden tools, including a wedge and a digging stick, were also found at the site, further supporting the idea of a developed woodworking tradition.

Larry Barham, an archaeologist at the University of Liverpool and the lead author of the study, described the structure as involving "the intentional shaping of two trees to create a framework of two interlocking supports." A notch was cut into one log, and another tree was shaped to fit through this notch, providing stability to the structure.

The use of wood by early humans was already known, but it was typically associated with basic tasks such as starting fires or hunting. However, the discovery at Kalambo Falls indicates a more sophisticated application of woodworking skills. Barham explained, "The structure involves the intentional shaping of two trees to create a framework of two interlocking supports," which required a level of planning and execution that suggests a higher cognitive ability.

The preservation of the wooden structure is remarkable, given that wood typically decays over time, leaving little trace for archaeologists to study. The high water levels at Kalambo Falls are believed to have played a crucial role in preserving the structure for centuries.

These findings from Kalambo Falls not only provide evidence of an early human ability to manipulate their environment but also suggest a more complex cognitive capacity among these early humans than what has been inferred from stone tools alone. Barham concluded, "The finds from Kalambo Falls indicate that these earlier humans, like Homo sapiens, had the capacity to alter their surroundings, creating a built environment." This discovery underscores the need to reassess our understanding of early human technological and cognitive development.

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