题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
北京101中学2020届上学期初中九年级开学摸底考试英语试卷
It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting seems to look back at observers (观察者), following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle (角度) that's 15.4 degrees off to the observer's right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, "She's not looking at you." This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person's gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the "Mona Lisa effect (效应)". That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
This is important for human interaction with on screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person on—screen is looking at him or her, you don't cut the gaze of the character to that side—surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn't looking at anyone in the room at all. Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.
Horstmann and his co—author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial—intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she wasn't looking at him.
To make sure it wasn't just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (横切) Mona Lisa's gaze. To calculate (估测) the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the "Mona Lisa" portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn't sure. It's possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first created the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a cool name.
Can fire accident happen when we are at home? What can we do to make sure that we and our families are less likely to be destroyed by fire? Fire is hot, and the smoke from it pollutes the environment around us. Fire can also destroy things in our homes. Here are what we can do to protect our homes from fire.
In the kitchen | ★Don't cook alone or without being together with an adult ★Don't put anything that is easy to burn near a stove (火炉). |
In the house | ★Never put anything like clothes or a blanket on a lamp (灯). ★Don't stand too close to a fireplace or a stove. Maybe our clothes can catch fire. ★Never play with matches or candles. If we see someone playing with them, ask him or her to stop. |
Around electricity | ★Never put anything into an electrical socket (插座). ★Turn off lights, televisions and other electrical machines after using them. |
it three hundred real taste |
Fish Tea!. . . Yes, you heard it right!
Hainan Fish Tea has been around for {#blank#}1{#/blank#} of years among the Li and Miao people of Hainan Island. It gets {#blank#}2{#/blank#} name from the way it is made, which is similar to making a cup of green or black tea The dish is especially popular around the {#blank#}3{#/blank#}day in March of the lunar calendar(农历). The people who have tried it say the tea {#blank#}4{#/blank#}both sweet and sour, and it's {#blank#}5{#/blank#} surprising that it doesn't have a fishy smell. Why not have a try when you are in Hainan?
How would you like your very own scarecrow(稻草人)? You can make one out of some old boards(木板). You can use it to scare away birds in your garden. You can also put a scarecrow near your front door to give visitors a big surprise! Here are what you will need: ·an adult helper; ·seven boards(each 10 cm wide): one 160 cm long; three 50cm long; one 30 cm long; two 60 cm long. ·a hammer and nails; ·safety pins; ·a pen; ·a shirt; a long skirt; gloves and boots; a hat and a pillow; | |||||
hammer | nails | safety pins | pillow | boots | |
Step 1: Lay the boards on the ground. Make the shape. You will have two arm pieces left over. You will add them later. Step 2: Ask an adult to nail(固定) the pieces together. Step 3: Put the shirt on. Ask an adult to nail one arm piece to the shoulder. Then put on the gloves. Do the same with the other arm. Step 4: Put on the skirt. Step 5: Nail the pillow on top as the head. Draw eyes, a nose and a mouth on it. Step 6: Stand the body up and put it where you want. Step 7: Put the hat on and then put the boots under the skirt so it looks like it has feet. |
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