阅读理解D Research proves that nearly half of the cancers diagnosed(诊断) in the UK each year-over 130, 000 in t...

题型：任务型阅读题类：常考题难易度：普通

浙江省瑞安市2017届五校联考九年级上学期英语阶段性检测

阅读理解

Research proves that nearly half of the cancers diagnosed(诊断) in the UK each year-over 130, 000 in total- are caused by life choices that include smoking, drinking and eating the wrong things.

Tobacco(烟草) is the biggest factor, causing 23% for cases in men and 15.6% in women, says the Cancer Research UK report. Next comes a lack of fresh fruit and vegetables in men's diets, while for women it is being overweight. Lead author of the report, Professor Max Parkin, said: "Many people believe cancer is related to fate or in the genes(基因), and that it depends on luck whether they get it or not. Looking at all the evidence, it is clear that around 40% of all cancers are caused by things we mostly have the power to change."

For men, the best advice appears to be: stop smoking, eat more fruit and vegetables and cut down on how much alcohol you drink. For women, again, the best advice is to stop smoking, but also watch your weight.

In total, 14 lifestyle and environmental factors, such as where you live and the job you do, cause 134, 000 cancers in the UK each year.

Some risk（风险） factors are well founded, such as smoking's link with lung cancer. But others are less well recognized. For stomach cancer, a fifth of the risk comes from having too much salt in the diet, data suggests. Some cancers, like mouth and throat cancer, are caused almost entirely by lifestyle choices. But others, like gall bladder cancer(胆囊癌), are largely unrelated to lifestyle.

Public Health Minister, Anne Milton, said: "By making small changes you can cut your risk of serious health problems- giving up smoking, watching you drink, getting more exercise and keeping an eye on your weight."

（1）、What does the underlined word "it", in the second paragraph, refer to?

A、Change. B、Lifestyle. C、Cancer. D、Weight.

（2）、According to Professor Parkin, _________.

A、cancers are caused for genes B、some cancers will probably be avoided C、most women's cancers are caused for no reason D、men can keep an eye on their weight to avoid cancers

（3）、According to this passage, stomach cancer can be brought on by ___________.

A、working overtime B、taking in too much salt C、lack of exercise D、smoking too much

（4）、What is the second factor causing women's cancer?

（5）、Give three things that we can do to reduce the risk of getting cancer.

举一反三

   It's important to learn about protecting our environment. Here is a 5R rule for us:
   1. Reduce
   If you want to reduce waste, you should use things wisely. Millions of trees are being cut down to make paper. If everyone uses a little paper carelessly and throw it out, soon we would not have any trees left. Other things are also being wasted, and people don't know what to do with the waste in big cities. So it is necessary to reduce the waste
   2. Reuse
   You should always think of reusing the usable things before throwing them out. Give your clothes you do not use or the ones which are too small to the poor. With a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters.
   3. Recycle
   Bottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so, we save lots of time and money. For example, coke cans are sent to a factory, where they are smashed flat（压平）and melted (融化) and the melted things are made for new coke cans.
   4. Recover
   When you buy a box of apples, there may be a few rotten（腐烂的）apples. You have two choices: one is to throw the whole apple away, or you could cut off the rotten parts and eat the good parts. In this way, you are recovering the eatable parts of food.
   5. Repair
   If one of the legs of your table is broken, you can repair it instead of throwing it away. If you want to change for better ones, It is better for you to sell the old things or give them to other people who can use them after doing some repair. It is true that North America is a   “throw-away” society（社会）. But the time has come to change our way of life so that we can protect our environment. Every one of us should try our best.

       I wonder whether there is any girl or boy who does not like to see a rainbow in the sky. It is so beautiful.
       There is a story, saying that whenever you see a rainbow you should run at once to the place where it touches the ground, and there you would find a pot of gold. Of course it is not true. You could not find the pot of gold or its end. No matter how far you run, it always seems far away.
       A rainbow is not a thing which we can feel with our hands as we can feel a flower. It is only the effect of light shining on raindrops. The raindrops catch the sunlight and break it up into all the wonderful colours which we see. It is called a rainbow perhaps because it is made up of raindrops and looks like a bow（弓).
    That is why we can never see a rainbow in a clear sky. We see a rainbow only when there is rain in the air and the sun is shining brightly through the clouds.
    Every rainbow has many colours in the same order. The first or the top colour is always red, and the next comes orange, then yellow, and last of all, blue. A rainbow is indeed one of the wonders of nature.

      If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival. Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but actually eighty percent of mountain survivals is your reaction(反应) to fear.
Find a hiding place.
      Unnecessary efforts will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of valleys—cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal rescuers for help.
     The best time to signal rescuers(救援者) is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible—it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket—gold side facing out—on the ground.
Do not walk away.
    It will make finding you more difficult, as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one.
     If you get frostbite（冻伤）, do not rewarm the affected area until you're out of danger. You can walk on frostbitten feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why there are so many plants around us.

There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost all the trees around us are flowering plants. You can know some trees from their flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers. You cannot see many non-flowering plants around you.

If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are many kinds of plants. Some plants are large and some are small. Most of them are green. Thanks to the plants around us we can live on earth.

阅读理解

No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. By now, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.

The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. Other cities, including Taipei, Shanghai and Wuhan, also support the day.

In Beijing, more and more people are joining the campaign. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5(World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”

So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. “We can't control the weather, but we can choose not to drive,” said Wu Zonghua, a car club chairman. Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year. In the first quarter of 2012, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days. This was 11 days less than the number for the same period the year before. Much of the dust comes from the desert, but cars cause most of the air pollution. We must do more for No Car Day.

阅读理解

There is a lot of salt on the Earth, and it mixes very well with water.

There is some salt in all water. Water on the land runs into lakes and rivers. These rivers run into the seas and oceans. They carry a little salt with them. Some of the ocean water moves into the air and clouds. It evaporates. Salt cannot evaporate. It stays in the oceans.

The water in the oceans has more salt than river water. There is about 3. 5% salt in the ocean water. Some seas have more salt than others.

Some of the water leaves the lakes. It evaporates, but the salt cannot. These lakes are very salty. There are two famous lakes like this. They are the Dead Sea in the Middle East and the Great Salt Lake in Utah(犹他州）in the United States. They are much saltier than the Atlantic Ocean（大西洋）and the Pacific Ocean(太平洋）.

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