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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

牛津版(深圳·广州)2018-2019学年初中英语七年级下册Module 3 Unit 5第4课时Listening & Speaking

阅读理解

    There is a lot of salt on the Earth, and it mixes very well with water.

There is some salt in all water. Water on the land runs into lakes and rivers. These rivers run into the seas and oceans. They carry a little salt with them. Some of the ocean water moves into the air and clouds. It evaporates. Salt cannot evaporate. It stays in the oceans.

    The water in the oceans has more salt than river water. There is about 3. 5% salt in the ocean water. Some seas have more salt than others.

    Some of the water leaves the lakes. It evaporates, but the salt cannot. These lakes are very salty. There are two famous lakes like this. They are the Dead Sea in the Middle East and the Great Salt Lake in Utah(犹他州)in the United States. They are much saltier than the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋)and the Pacific Ocean(太平洋).

(1)、Where may some water in the oceans go?
A、It runs into lakes. B、It runs into bigger rivers. C、It goes into the Dead Sea. D、It moves into the air and clouds.
(2)、What does the underlined word "evaporates" mean in Chinese?
A、消失 B、上升 C、蒸发 D、聚集
(3)、Which of the following is the saltiest?
A、The Atlantic Ocean. B、The Dead Sea. C、The Pacific Ocean. D、The Dongting Lake.
(4)、Which of the following is TRUE?
A、There is some salt in lakes and rivers. B、Only water in the seas and oceans is salty. C、Salt in the oceans doesn't evaporate, while salt in the lakes does. D、Salt cannot mix well with water.
举一反三
    Growing mushrooms(蘑菇)is probably the easiest thing you can do even if you are new to mushroom growing. It is becoming more common because restaurants are starting to create more dishes that include mushrooms.
    Mushroom growing is easy. To start, you need to have a space where you are going to grow these mushrooms. It does not have to be a huge space but just enough for you to grow as many mushrooms as you need. When you have found the space perfect for you, you can start researching what kind of mushrooms you want to grow. There are a lot of mushrooms to choose from and not all of them are suitable to eat.
    When you decide what kind of mushrooms you want to grow, you can start getting ready to plant the mushrooms. Sometimes you may want to hire some workers to help if you have a large mushroom farm, or if you are trying to start a professional mushroom growing business. Trying to have a business by yourself can be stressful. If you don't have enough time to spend taking care of everything yourself, some helpers may be the best choice.
    After you have started the mushroom growing, you should regularly check that your mushrooms grow properly and that they are not being attacked by any pesticides(农药)or any other animals or something that could be dangerous to them. That is the worst part of mushroom developing. Protect your mushroom farm well with a fence(围栏)or a gate so that only you and your workers can get in and out.
    Mushroom growing is not difficult and it is easy to get stared in the world of farming. You will soon possibly be able to provide some of the great cooks of the world with high quality mushrooms that will be enjoyed by thousands of people all over the world.

 根据短文内容,判断句子的正误。

Every living thing needs to reproduce(繁殖). Reproducing means creating more members of your group. In order for plants to reproduce, they have to spread their seeds(种子)to other areas. Plants have developed all kinds of ways to do this.

The simplest way is gravity(重力). Many seeds are inside of fruit. When fruit gets too heavy, it falls from a tree to the ground. Sometimes animals will pick up the fruit and drop it in another area. That helps move the seed even farther away. Apples spread this way.

Other plants use wind to spread their seeds. Dandelions(蒲公英)are a good example of this. Dandelion seeds are so light that when wind blows, it carries dandelion seeds to new places. Maple(枫树)seeds also use wind. Their seeds are connected with long, thin leaves that look like wings. When the seed falls from the tree, its "wings" help it fly farther from the tree.

Some animals help plants spread their seeds. The animals eat the seeds. While the seed is in the animal's body, it stays whole. When the seed leaves the animal, it's in a new place.

Ants also help spread seeds. Some seeds have a special smell that appeals to ants. The ants bring the seeds back to their home, which of course is underground. They only eat part of the seed. They leave the rest of the seed underground. After that, the seed can start growing.

 补全短文。根据短文内容,从短文后的A~ F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文。

The human spine(脊柱) doesn't just help us stand up straight. Inside the spine is the spinal cord (脊髓) {#blank#}1{#/blank#} The legs and feet send "sense" information to the brain, saying they're hurt or hot, for example. And the brain sends messages to the lower body, telling the legs to walk, dance or sit down. 

When someone's spinal cord is hurt, information about senses doesn't reach the brain from the lower body. And control messages can't make it to the lower body from the brain. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

Surprisingly, now scientists in Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. All of the three men had damaged their spinal cords in motorcycle accidents and couldn't move their legs. To help them walk again, a special device (装置) was put directly on the lower part of their spinal cord. 

The scientists controlled the device from a computer. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} In the past, scientists have had some successes with the similar device in the lower spine. Some patients have even trained themselves over months to be able to walk. 

But this research is different. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Instead, the computer tells the device to send "walking" messages. The scientists use computers to create patterns of movement—like taking a step—that work well with each patient. The patients then choose the pattern they want, and the muscles (肌肉) move in the chosen way. 

Over time, the three men are able to walk on their own, using a special walker with buttons to trigger (激发) each leg. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The scientists are hopeful that in the future, this technology will allow more paralyzed people to walk again. 

A. When that happens, a person is paralyzed (瘫痪的). 

B. The patients' brains aren't sending "walking" messages to their legs. 

C. The solution isn't perfect and the patients can't walk without the system. 

D. One of them has walked for half a kilometer on his own with the walker. 

E. It carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. 

F. Just hours after the device was first used, all the three men were taking steps, with support. 

 阅读短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案

Nowadays, more and more children spend too much time playing mobile phones. It makes parents feel worried. In order to get the children out of the room, the community is going to organize a camp this summer.

Camper Handbook

We've created a handbook you can download here http://www. summercamp.com. It answers many of the questions parents and campers have about DEC Summer Camp. As you've already signed up your kid for this camp, you can check your email box for a copy of the handbook as well. Please review it and get in touch with us at 569-985 if you have questions.

Camp houses

About ten people share a wood house, including a coach and a camp volunteer. A general bath house is within 200 feet of each house. The size of a house may not be the same.

Camp Rules

1. Money: Spending money is NOT needed at camp with no place to spend it. Money and all valuables should remain at home.

2. Electronics (电子产品): Electronics like mobile phones and computer games are NOT allowed at camp. These will be taken away and returned to the camper when the camp ends.

Sample Schedules

Generally, campers get up at 7:00 am and have an early bird activity like swimming or fishing. After breakfast, there are activities until lunch. These may include environmental lessons or biology experiments. A wildlife biologist may guide the campers. After lunch, there are more activities, such as hiking (徒步), boating, or field trips. Taking a night walk, star watching, playing games and listening to stories around a campfire (营火) are among the choices for the night.

 阅读理解

It happens every spring. Flowers come out everywhere on the same day. But how do plants "know" when to flower?

For years, it has been a difficult question for scientists. But a US research group may have finally answered it—the secret lies in a protein(蛋白质)called FKF1. This helps plants to know when the days become long and when they get short. Then they can tell the seasons(季节)are changing.

Researchers found the FKF1 protein when they were studying a plant called Arabidopsis. It is sensitive(敏感的)to sunlight, and can be made active by sunlight.

Plants produce this protein every day in the late afternoon all year. If there is no light at this time, for example, in winter when the sun goes down early, the protein won't be active. But when spring comes and the days get longer, the FKF1 protein can be made active by day light and the plants "know" it is time to flower. " If there is light in the late afternoon, plants will know that the days are getting longer and that it is the best time for flowers to come out,"explained Takato Imaizumi, leader of study. But when conditions are poor for growing, such as during autumn or winter when the weather is cold and days are short, plants won' t flower.

Although researchers have only studied how the FKF1 protein works in the Arabidopsis, they believe that it is the same with many other plants, including crops such as rice and wheat.

"If we can control when flowers come out, we might be able to increase crop production," Imaizumi said.

信息匹配

What is the most stressful thing in school? It is probably exams. Exams can put us under a lot of pressure. But some students do well under pressure while others feel terrible. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

It all comes down to dopamine (多巴胺). {#blank#}2{#/blank#} It has many important roles: influencing memory, attention. and how we learn. Our brains work best when there is an even balance of dopamine—not too much or too little. The brain controls dopamine in two ways. It either takes out dopamine quickly, or gradually. Exam success can be related to how fast dopamine goes back to an even balance.

 {#blank#}3{#/blank#} if you become stressed, your brain will start to have too much dopamine. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} The quicker you are able to go back to an even balance of dopamine, the quicker you can fix yourself perform better on a test. 

Scientists found that, during a test, people who slowly got back to an even balance of dopamine scored 8 percent lower. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The answer is yes. So don't fear, there is some good news. The study also found that the more practice you get, the less stressed you'll be. So, it turns out that practice really does make perfect.

A.What happens when we sit for an exam?

B.It is like a cup flowing over with water.

C.So, why do some students perform better under stress?

D.That's the difference between a good mark and a bad mark.

E.Dopamine is a chemical in our brain that sends information to our body.

F.Is there anything that can help change the speed of dopamine getting into our body?

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