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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

上海市崇明区2020届高三英语二模拟试卷

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

    A growing number of American states are requiring schools to teach students "media literacy" skills. California is the latest state to pass such a requirement. Media literacy, also known as news literacy, is the ability to use critical thinking skills to recognize differences between real and "fake" news.

    The new law requires California's Department of Education to provide materials related to media literacy on its website. Its goal is to give students a set of effective tools to "enable them to make informed decisions".

    The media literacy efforts were based on a Stanford University study from 2016. It found that 80 percent of U.S. middle school students failed to recognize an advertisement that looked like a real news story. The researchers also found that high school students had trouble telling the difference between a real and a fake news website.

    The study called for more efforts to help students recognize false information on the internet. It said that young people also need the skills to find out where news stories come from, and to be able to judge the trustworthiness of sources and writers.

    Carolyn Edy is a professor of communication at Appalachian State University in North Carolina. She said she has seen a clear change in her students' abilities to judge news sources. Edy said that when students used to read printed newspapers, it was easier for them to recognize fact from opinion. Now, it's necessary to teach students how to fully examine websites.

    One of Edy's goals is to teach students how to research the news organizations responsible for the stories they are reading. One way to do this is for students to ask a series of questions. One example is, "What is the overall mission of the organization?"

    Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possible conflicts of interest. Another question to ask is, "What do they do when they get a story wrong?" Responsible and trustworthy news organizations issue corrections if something is falsely reported, she said.

    Edy added that one good thing to come out of the rise of misinformation and fake news is that it has made many people seek out good reporting.

(1)、The new law passed in California mainly aims at __________.
A、helping students identify fake news B、improving students' critical thinking skills C、offering students real information D、enabling students to make quick decisions
(2)、Why does the author mention the Stanford University study?
A、To present the details of the law. B、To provide a set of tools for the law. C、To show the reason behind the law. D、To indicate the efforts based on the law.
(3)、Which is a way suggested by Carolyn Edy for students to judge the trustworthiness of a news organization?
A、Identifying the conflicts of interest in it. B、Correcting its falsely reported news stories. C、Learning about its background information. D、Asking a series of questions about its news.
(4)、The passage mainly tells us that media literacy ____________.
A、can contribute to the rise of good news reporting B、is becoming much more important with the law passed C、can improve American students' understanding of news D、is increasingly recognized as essential for students in the US
举一反三
阅读理解

    For generations, cereal(麦片) has been the base of the American breakfast, but it now seems to be losing some of its advantages. Sales of breakfast cereal in the US are not so popular.

    The consumer's desire for a healthier way to start the day is now at its highest ever. Shoppers are seeking out “high protein(蛋白质) and fiber content and natural ingredients,” an expert said in a report. “Consumers today believe cereal is overly processed and doesn't contain enough nutrients.” That means cereal is facing the competition from fresh fruit, yogurt, breakfast bars and drinks, and even all-day breakfast meals at McDonald's or other fast-food chains.

    Consumers are increasingly seeking products that match their personal definition of real food, and that can mean foods that are less processed. Another big challenge for the industry is the ever-changing pattern of breakfast eaters, with an emphasis increasingly being placed on satisfying time-squeezed lifestyles. This desire for convenience seems to be especially increasingly being placed on satisfying time-squeezed lifestyles. This desire for convenience seems to be especially evident among young people who believe that cereal is inconvenient because it involves cleaning a dish afterward.

    Then there's the issue of price. Brand-name cereal prices jumped after the financial crisis in 2008, owing largely to the higher prices of grains and other ingredients. It's only in the last two years that prices have stabilized(稳定).

    However, manufacturers and industry analysts say that if breakfast cereal makers can keep on adapting to consumers' changing needs, especially among young people, the business can grow again; besides, young people are still eating a lot of cereal, just not always for breakfast. Ready-to-eat cereal is in 90 percent of all households and nearly 94 percent of young households. For this group, cereal is more than just a breakfast item. It is also a popular snack option.

阅读理解

    When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier(冰川). But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming climate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn't there anymore.

    Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a full-time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a class.

    This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental study. She used the experiences of Nalive American tribes (部落) , scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix -- that "this is such an intractable problem that they're going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”

    Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic (怀疑论者) . Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.

    Dillon wasn't going into environmental work--he was a computer-science major. Yet, the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration (恢复) projects.

Six months into the work, he decided that Alkinson's class was just what he was looking for 一 a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.

Atkinson said she hopes the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.

    “We are already changing the planet - . so many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively impacted (巨大影响的) ,”she said. “The future isn't going to be what they imagined.”

阅读理解

    A new Magic Bench designed by Disney Research lets you interact (互动) with lovely animated (动画的) character—and no special glasses or earphones are required. Instead, the complete environment-the seat, the sitter and the cartoon characters-is mirrored on a screen opposite the bench making it possible for others to watch the scene unfold.

    How does the illusion work? A camera and sensor catch images and gather depth information about physical objects the bench and the person. And then computer translates them into the 3D animations. Meanwhile sensors of touch built into the bench deliver shaking that is happening at the same time and speed to animated actions on the screen, creating the illusion that the animated figures are occupying real-world space next to the user.

    "Our goal for this project was: hear a character coming, see them enter the space, and feel them sit next to you," said Moshe Mahler, principal digital artist at Disney Research. Unlike the traditional mobile technology, one of whose limitations is that only a single user can see its illusion, the Magic Bench allows groups of people to gather in a single environment and collectively participate in an augmented—reality (扩充实境) experience, all at the same time.

    In a video show, a small cartoon donkey runs into view and kicks the bench, causing sharp sound and making the seated person jump in surprise. Another test shows two people on the bench, reacting as they feel an animated rabbit skip up beside them and jump up and down. When a user passes his hand over the rabbit, a shadow moves across its head, as though it were occupying the same physical space as the person next to it.

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