题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
北京市东城区2018-2019学年八年级下学期英语期末考试试卷
Imagine That
People may think daydreaming is bad: If students don't pay attention in class, they may have trouble doing homework. If workers spend meetings thinking about a football match, they may have difficulties finishing the job. However, scientists who study the brain (大脑) have learned many interesting things. In fact, far from being a waste of time, some scientists believe that daydreaming is a healthy and useful activity for all of our brains.
In order to study the brain, scientists use special machines to check which parts of the brain are active at certain times. When a person is daydreaming, the machine will show the activity in the brain called the default mode (默认模式) of thinking. In the default mode, the top or outside part of the brain is very active. Actually, several parts of the brain are working together in this mode. Some scientists say in this mode the brain pays attention to itself but not the environment around the person. Usually, this happens when a person is doing easy work or boring jobs that don't need much attention, like walking to school or cooking simple foods. People are more likely to daydream during such activities.
The importance of daydreaming lies in developing both creative and social skills. When the mind is not working on one's immediate situation or problem, then it is free to wander. A time of wandering allows the mind to create things. The ideas of new inventions or possible solutions (解决办法) to a problem may come to mind. For example, one may think of solutions to problems in relationships (关系) with other people. In fact, most daydreams have something to do with situations with others. Perhaps these are daydreams of memories of the past, or daydreams of what might be in the future. In both situations daydreams help us develop the skills we can use to communicate with others.
As Marcus Raichle, a doctor who studies the brain from Washington University, explains: "When you don't use a muscle (肌肉), that muscle really isn't doing much. But when your brain is doing nothing and daydreaming, it's really doing a lot." During the so-called "resting state" the brain isn't resting at all!
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Juan, a big fan of science works, enjoys anything about space secrets. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Melody likes reading novels with determined and brave female characters. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Catherine needs to finish a learning project about black people's lives in the past. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Adam plans to write a play to tell stories of different people behind society's changes. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Fiona, a new teacher, wants to better understand and help teenagers with growing pains. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} | A. Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell This novel focuses on the life and challenges of Scarlett O' Hara, a strong-willed lady who experiences love and survival during the American Civil War. B. The Three-body Problem by Cixin Liu In this science fiction novel, the author explores complex themes of science, philosophy, and the unexpected results of outer-space contact. C. Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe This famous novel describes the realities of slavery (奴隶制) in America through the experiences and sufferings of Uncle Tom and the people around him. D. War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy This masterpiece follows the ups and downs of several upper-class Russian families, exploring human nature and the society of the time. E. The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger This work presents how Holden Caulfield, a"bad student" teenager, thinks about his life, society, and place within it after being removed from school. F. Teahouse by Lao She Telling the life of a Beijing teahouse owner and various customers, this play offers a window into Chinese society through the changes of the 20th century. |
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