阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。D Language changes all the time. New words and phrases...

题型：阅读选择题类：常考题难易度：普通

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2016届九年级下学期）英语期中调研（一模）测试

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

Language changes all the time. New words and phrases appear and develop. The words and pronunciations used by young people in the UK can be very different to those used by adults. Living in a multicultural (多元文化的) society has an effect on language, especially on young people, whose friends are often from a mix of backgrounds. TV and music also have big influence on the language of the young. Often UK singers sing in American accents (口音) without realizing.

Young British people use lots of language that you usually can't find in most dictionaries. These informal words and expressions are known as ‘slang'. It is not possible to make a complete list of modern British slang. By the time the list was finished, it would be out of date! New words come and go like fashions. However, here are a few examples:

Ø Safe, sorted, sound, cool or wicked all mean "That's good" or "I understand".

Ø Instead of using different tag questions like … isn't it? can't you? or don't they?, people use innit.

Ø Instead of saying very, really or completely, people use well.

Ø Whatever means I don't care.

Ø ‘He's fine' or ‘He's fit' both mean ‘He's good-looking'. Fine and fit can describe a boy or a girl.

Not everybody uses slang and not everybody likes it. A school in Sheffield, in the north of England, recently stopped its pupils using slang words such as hiya (hello), cheers and ta (both mean thank you). The head teacher says that if young people learn to speak ‘correctly' this will help them get a place at university and a good job.

When British people use language like this, it's no surprise that some students say they can't understand native (本土的) speakers. But perhaps learners don't need to worry about communicating with native speakers so much. Research shows that most of the English spoken in the world today is spoken between non-native speakers of the language. In fact, when we think about "International English", there is no such thing as a native or non-native speaker.

（1）、In the UK, you can find little slang in .

A、pop songs B、TV programmes C、most dictionaries D、young people's language

（2）、The writer uses the example of a school in Sheffield to support that .

A、slang is out of date B、slang is changing quickly C、slang words can be used easily D、some people don't like slang

（3）、Which slang can be used in the following dialogue?

— But the teacher says we can't leave until we've finished.

— . I'm going.

A、Sound B、Fine C、Cheers D、Whatever

（4）、If you w ant to learn more about the subject of the passage, you can search the Internet with the key words " ".

A、British people B、English slang C、language changes D、English cultures

（5）、This passage would most likely be found in a book of .

A、novel B、culture C、travel D、History

举一反三

   The seasons in Australia are not like ours. When it is winter in China, it is summer there. Australia is a southern country. It is in the south of the world. June, July and August are the winter months; September, October and November are spring; the summer is in December, January and February; and March, April and May are the autumn months. The north of the country is hotter than the south.
   A very large part of this country has no rain at all. The east coast has rain all year, and there are no dry months. The southeast winds blow the whole year. They bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds. They only blow here in summer.
   The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only. In summer, the southwest of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia, there is no rain in winter. The rain comes in summer. The northwest winds bring it.

Except for a few times, Americans are not big present-givers. There's no exchange of presents among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that he wants to bribe (贿赂) him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don't see the need for presents.
Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn't. I don't often remember a friend' s birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me presents too often, I'd get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner — that kind from his or her homeland — won't go wrong, except to government employees (政府职员) who can't be given presents.
You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents. You should only say, ‘It's so nice. Thanks…'when you get Christmas or birthday presents.
You may want to bring a bottle of wine (葡萄酒) or flowers to a dinner party, but you're never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.
At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give presents to people who have been helpful during the year like doormen, babysitters, housecleaners , newspaper senders — anyone who has often helped us.

      Have you heard about “Survival Holidays”？“Survival Holidays” is for children to go into the lonely place for exciting activities. Now about 1,100 companies are allowed to take children into the great outdoors without their parents.
     The reason why people like “Survival Holidays” is that they think being close to nature is good for children. Many children in big cities spend all time watching TV and playing computer games. “Survival Holidays” gives them an important change.
     Is “Survival Holidays” a wonderful idea? Maybe it is. Children need more free time to play. They need to be left on their own, without adults disturbing them. Parents care too much about their children. They like to see the children being busy with activities that are controlled by adults, which causes many problems. They don't know what to do when they are in danger. Even something like crossing a small river seems to be a hard challenge. Children are not comfortable with danger. Even slight danger like getting their feet wet or falling down seems very terrible to them.
      Many people think the survival activities are good for children. Even years later, they will still remember what they have learned. Some have learned to stay calm in different times. Some have learned how to keep safe. Others have learned how to work in a team. All these skills will help them a lot in their lives.

    It has more than 845 million users worldwide. If it were a country, it would have the third largest population in the world, behind China and India. This is Facebook, a popular website from the US. It is similar to Renren in China.
    Mark Zuckerber was born on May 14, 1984. As a little kid, he loved creating little fun computer programs. He set up the network in February of 2004. He was then a second-year student at Harvard University. One day, he had the idea of building a website for Harvard students to get to know each other. He set up the Facebook website. Harvard students could share photos and their personal information there. Soon, the website became very famous. Zuckerberg decided to leave Harvard to run Facebook full time. It was the biggest adventure in his life and later brought him great success. Now, the service is popular around the world.
    Greetings such as “Have you checked your Facebook page today?” became a part of young people's everyday language in the US. People can exchange message and get the latest information about their friends on Facebook. Zuckerberg's dream is to connect people through the Internet. “Facebook is to make the world more open and connected,”he said.
    What's the young man's secret to success? Zuckerberg believes it's important to have an open mind and be ready to try new things. “The riskiest thing is to take no risks,”he once said in an open letter. Sometimes the simplest ideas go furthest. We hope Mar Zuckerberg can go much further, maybe even further than Bill Gates.

阅读理解

In America, drivers' education is part of the regular high school curriculum. Every student in his or her second year of high school is required to take a class in driver's education. However, unlike other courses, it is not given during the regular school year. Instead it is a summer course.

The course is divided into two parts: class time for learning laws and rules and driving time to practice driving. Class time is not unlike any other class. The students study the basic traffic laws from a text to pass the written driving test that is given to anyone who wants to get a driver's license.

Driving time is a chance for the students to get behind the wheel and practice starting. Each student is required to drive a total of six hours. The students are divided into groups of four. The students and the instructor go out driving for two hours each time. So each student gets half an hour driving time per outing.

Drivers Ed cars are unlike other cars in which they have two sets of brakes(刹车), one on the driver's side and one on the other side where the instructor sits. So if the student driver should run into difficulties, the instructor can take over. The car also has another special feature. On the top of the car is a sign that reads: STUDENT DRIVER. That lets nearby drivers know that they should use extra caution because the student driver is a beginning driver, not very experienced.

After the student has passed the driver's education course and reached the suitable age to drive (this age differs in every state but in most cases the person must be 16 years old), they can go to a the state office to take their driver's test, which is made up of an eye examination, a written test, and a road test. The person must pass all the three tests in order to be given a driver's license.

阅读理解

Different countries have different customs(风俗) in the world. It's very important for us to know about them.

When you go to the US, someone often says to you "give me five". What should you do? Do not get five dollars from your pocket! It will make others laugh! The person is not asking for your money, but your fingers.

In the US, "give me five" or "give me the high five" is a popular gesture. You can see it often in films or on TV. It means hitting(敲打) each other's right hands together.

People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student good grades in exams. If a football teams wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.

This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the empor. This showed the person raising his arm did not have a knife in his hand.

Why not try to give the high five to your friends?

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