题型：阅读选择 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
浙江省杭州市萧山区瓜沥片区2018-2019学年九年级下学期英语2月月考考试（含听力音频）
Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.
Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied(欺侮) by their older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.
You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk-taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.
For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don't forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one.
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Here are some greeting customs (打招呼习俗) in different cultures.
French people greet each other with a handshake, but close friends kiss each other on both cheeks (脸颊) when they first meet and before they leave each other. In South Korea, it is better for people to bow when greeting each other. A bow is followed by a handshake. While shaking someone's hand, it is polite to support the right forearm (前臂) with the left hand. Kissing on the cheek is a common way of greeting in Brazil. But in a formal situation, people often shake hands. Men should shake hands before and after meeting each other, and if they become friends with each other, a light hug is often given. In a social situation, it's polite to greet everyone in the room in Ghana. A handshake is used in greeting, and the palm (手掌) must directly touch the palm of others'. People think it's impolite to touch the back of the hand.
Greeting Customs in Different Cultures | |
France | A handshake, kiss close friends on {#blank#}1{#/blank#} cheeks. |
South Korea | {#blank#}2{#/blank#} to each other first and then shake hands. |
Brazil | {#blank#}3{#/blank#} on the cheek, shake hands, a light {#blank#}4{#/blank#} . |
Ghana | A handshake: {#blank#}5{#/blank#} touch the back of the hand. |
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