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题型:阅读表达 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

天津市静海区第一中学2019-2020学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读下面的短文,请根据短文后的要求答题。

    If you seek happiness, then you need to know what happiness is for you. I don't believe there is one universal definition of happiness. Happiness is a very subjective emotion, according to me. Put two people in identical situations: same amount of money, life experiences. etc. and you can be pretty sure that they both wouldn't feel equally happy or equally sad. I believe this is so because there are two kinds of happiness. There is one kind of happiness, which is kind of universal and then there is the other kind, which is very individual to each one of us. It is this kind of happiness that I find more interesting.

The second kind of happiness that I talk about comes from our expectations out of our lives, which vary from person to person. For example, a person who expects a lot out of his or her life may find that happiness is hard to find. They are constantly in search of these things in life, which always seem to elude (逃避) them. Those things may be money or fame or power or any of the other pursuits (追求) that humans have, but it would be likely that such people are less likely to be happy, if their goals are not met. In most cases, even after their goals are met, they don't find happiness, because they seek more— new goals, new wish lists, and it's a seemingly never- ending process for them!

    On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc. Of course, that doesn't mean that you shouldn't have any expectations at all. You should keep those expectations reasonable and manageable.

(1)、What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph? (no more than 10 words)
(2)、What do the underlined words "these things" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? (no more than 5 words)
(3)、Why don't some people still feel happy even if their goals are met? (no more than 10 words)
(4)、In the author' opinion, what kind of people are likely to be happy? (no more than 16 words)
(5)、What is happiness to you? What will you do to achieve your happiness? (no more than 20 words)
举一反三
任务型阅读

    Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you,where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?{#blank#}1{#/blank#}But it doesn't happen by accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料){#blank#}3{#/blank#}However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.

    Recall your childhood memories

    Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad,but that's not what's important.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}—how being in those gardens made us feel.If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden,start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden.Have fun.

A. Know why you garden.

B. Find a good place for your own garden.

C. It's our experience of the garden that matters.

D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers.

E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.

F. You can also produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden.

G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have.

任务型阅读

    The steady increase in women having babies later in life is undeniable. First-time mothers are more likely to be 35 or older than their counterparts (对应者) from two decades ago, according to the Pew Research Center. While the number of first-time moms between ages 20 and 24 falls, the number of births to women in their 30s and 40s keeps growing. In addition, recent wide-ranging studies have found significant long-term benefits in waiting to have babies. These benefits counterbalance (抵消) some worries about being an older mother and the effects it may have on children.

    Longevity for women who wait

    A study in the journal Menopause examined older mothers' life expectancy (寿命) and found that women who had their last child after the age of 33 are more likely to live to 95. In fact, researchers reported that these women had twice the chance of living to 95 or older than those who had their last child before their 30th birthday. The news for women having babies after 40 is equally promising.

    Boosted brainpower for older mothers

    It's also possible that later pregnancies (怀孕) protect against cognitive decline. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that women have better brainpower if they have their last baby after age 35. The researchers looked at the pregnancy history of a group of 830 women ages 41 to 92. Their research provides strong evidence of a positive association between later age at last pregnancy and late-life cognition.

    Increased income over time

    There's a measurable link between the age you have your first child and income gains and losses. Women who start their families when they are older are likely to increase their earning potential.

    Educational and emotional support for children

    Older parents who are less stressed about income or job security tend to be more patient and can spend more time with their children. Parents who have more secondary education can also offer more specific stimulation to their children, which can be helpful for development. An investigation of 8- to 12-year-olds explored how specific parenting beliefs and behaviors—such as reading, constructive play and emotional support—affected child development. The research published in the Journal of Family Psychology found that parent education and income positively affect child achievement.

    Having babies later in life

Common

phenomenon

It can't be{#blank#}1{#/blank#}that the number of women having babies later in life is steadily {#blank#}2{#/blank#}.

Long-term  {#blank#}3{#/blank#} in waiting to have babies

Longevity for women who wait

• {#blank#}4{#/blank#}with those who had their last child before 30, women giving{#blank#}5{#/blank#}to last child after 33 or even 40 are more likely to live to 95 or older.

Boosted brainpower for older mothers

• Later pregnancies prevent late-life cognition from {#blank#}6{#/blank#}.

• Research on 830 women proves that there is a {#blank#}7{#/blank#} association between later age at last pregnancy and late-life cognition.

Increased income over time

Older mothers have the potential of increasing their income in the future.

Educational and {#blank#}8{#/blank#}support for children

• {#blank#}9{#/blank#} more patience and more time, older parents with higher income and education can also offer specific stimulation to children.

• Specific parenting beliefs and behaviors have influence on child {#blank#}10{#/blank#}

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

    All company leaders will face major business decisions throughout their time as the heads of their organizations. Difficult decisions related to activities such as M&A, leadership changes, restructuring, and massive growth plans will directly impact the company's employees.

    If you've already established trust with your workforce, you can significantly minimize potential negative impacts and make sure your employees will buy into your decisions, even if they don't necessarily agree with them. But earning their faith takes time. As a leader, you are trusted only to the degree that people believe in your ability, consistency, and commitment to deliver. The good news is that there do exist some strategies to help you earn confidence.

    Instill trust through an employee engagement program

    By encouraging consistent feedback and establishing an honest environment, employees will trust the direction and information you give them. Create a highly engaged culture by prioritizing real-time recognition, continuous feedback, and ongoing goal-setting.

    Change and react with meaningful conversations. You've likely had to adjust your business plan in the middle of the year. Real-time, continuous communication helps you keep employees in the loop and adjust to expectations as your organization's needs change.

    Giving timely feedback is the most effective way to communicate expectations. Not only that, but saving your big praise until the end of the year isn't just ineffective—it makes it more difficult to deliver.

    Ongoing goal-setting can help people understand where their contributions fit within the organization and where they need to aim. Better yet, these can be transparent across the organization so everyone is held accountable for the outcomes and behaviors that drive your business and cultural success.

    Gather and measure sentiment (情感) during times of change

    Part of the difficulty in making tough business decisions is that leaders don't want to surprise or disappoint employees. Think about the last time you made a major company-wide announcement. Did you know if employees were happy? Were they shocked? Or even worse, did you have no insight into their reactions at all? If you regularly measure employee sentiment through real-time pulse surveys—especially during times of change—you can more accurately pinpoint reactions and cope with issues immediately. The results of these pulse surveys empower your leadership team to be more forthcoming, moving forward, earning the trust of employees and strengthening a transparent company culture.

    If there is a strong link between employees and managers to the goals of the organization, the vision and values of the company will be embraced by all.

    At the end of the day, the mindset shouldn't be about how you can make tough decisions easier, but how you can make those decisions in a way that won't negatively impact your employees or your organization's objectives. Create a cooperative feedback culture, and when the time comes to make difficult decisions, you know that with your team's insights in mind and trust in the leadership, the decision will be accepted willingly.

Earning employee's faith takes time

Passage outline

Supporting details

Introduction

◆ Trust from workforce can minimize negative impacts of difficult decisions and ensure employees' {#blank#}1{#/blank#} of your decisions.

◆ Only when employees think you are capable, consistent, and {#blank#}2{#/blank#} will they believe in you.

Strategies to

{#blank#}3{#/blank#} on

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} employees in some programs.

◆ Timely and continuous communication is necessary because proper {#blank#}5{#/blank#} are likely to be made to your business plan.

◆ Real-time feedback is valuable in communicating expectations and the {#blank#}6{#/blank#} in giving praise will make it harder to deliver.

◆ Ongoing goal-setting can make employees {#blank#}7{#/blank#} of where their aims are.

Gather and measure sentiment during times of change.

◆ Regular measurement of employee sentiment can help you know how they react so that you can {#blank#}8{#/blank#} issues instantly.

◆ The vision and values of the company will be widely accepted if employees and managers are closely united in order to {#blank#}9{#/blank#} their common goal.

Conclusion

It is the {#blank#}10{#/blank#} impact of your decisions on the organization's objectives and the creation of a cooperative feedback culture that count.

任务型阅读
                                                        Reasons to Take Part in Student Clubs and Organizations

    Many college students don't know what they're missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Check them out and see what's available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations.

    Meet new people.

    It can be hard to meet new people in college, especially in your first year.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}However, in a club, you'll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest.

    Help your major.

    There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Learn important leadership skills.

    Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications{#blank#}4{#/blank#}These skills could be event planning, finance management, and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Lastly, student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most of your time in college!

A.Have fun.

B.Class sizes can be big.

C.Never waste energy.

D.Take advantage of your major.

E.In a club, you will be able to gain other important skills.

F.So don't just walk past those tables during clubs week.

G.And you might even get access to study skills and other academic advice.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Porridge doesn't have a very tasty name, does it? {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. I'm here to try and convince you that porridge can be a delicious, convenient and very healthy way to start the day.

    Porridge is a type of food served for breakfast, usually a type of grain with either milk or water. It is thicker than liquid, but not solid. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}, so it's a very good option for people who are ill, and it provides long-lasting energy for the day.

    Porridge preparation, such as the amount of materials and cooking time depends on what you choose to use as your porridge base. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}, I put a very big handful of oats (麦片) in a pot, add a little bit of water and about 200ml of milk, and let the mixture boil. It takes about five minutes to cook.

    Once it's cooked, the fun part is adding the flavors (味道). Porridge alone doesn't have a very strong flavour. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, I think this is what makes porridge exciting! It is like a blank piece of paper-you can add almost anything you want to the porridge base. Seeds, nuts and dried fruits are very healthy options to add and can give you energy for the day. But if you don't like these, or you're allergic, then sugar and chocolate are also very tasty options.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. Either oats or corn or both are "staple foods" for most people on the earth. You can usually buy big bags of either, then add local materials to make your porridge interesting-whatever is cheap and convenient to find, wherever you are.

Hopefully porridge sounds a lot tastier now!

A.If you've never eaten it

B.If I'm cooking for myself

C.The porridge base is very easy to digest

D.It doesn't have a very tasty reputation, either

E.It is often heated up but lacks all kinds of nutrition

F.You can make porridge almost anywhere in the world

G.Although some people think this makes porridge boring

阅读下面短文,回答问题。

    I am a member at the Blue Ridge Mountains Writers Conference. This is the conference where I got my start about 15 years ago, so it feels special whenever I go back there.

    I usually teach multiple sessions, host a table at meals where I can talk with conferees, and often have about 40-50 private appointments with attendees. I take great pleasure in giving my personal advice on the beginners' writing journey after listening to their puzzlement.

    And then I realized something, as I looked across the room and saw AI Gansky and Eva Marie Everson whom I'd had private appointments with many years ago when I was one of the conferees. The only reason I am a member there now is because countless people like them have invested in me. As a new writer, I once expressed my book ideas to Al and Eva, and they encouraged me a lot. Award-winning authors Yvonne Lehman and Steven James welcomed me to their group and shared their knowledge. And Edie, Vonda, Linda, Lynette, Michelle and so many others became my writing friends, offering encouragement and support along the way. I'd never have made it on this journey without them.

    Last week, I was invited to experience the life in the countryside with some writer friends. I refused the invitation at first. I was away from home a lot because of the numerous book releases and conferences. I felt so exhausted that I just wanted to stay at home. However, my sweet husband said, "Honey, why don't you go? It will be good for you. It can be a great source of inspiration for you." I'd never have made it without the support of this precious man who's been my chief encourager. It moves me to tears to think about all the times he's cleaned the kitchen, folded the laundry, taken care of our children and lugged my suitcases to the car so I can chase my dreams.

    I wouldn't be where I am today without all the supportive people and I want to give them a much-deserved shout-out today.

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