题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：困难
江苏省扬州市2020届高三上学期英语期中调研试卷
A psychotherapist once taught me a little trick that helped me feel less angry at my partner and less sad about the failings of our relationship.
She said, "Look at him and imagine him as a very little boy; that way, you separate yourself somewhat from the adult, and you are likely to understand and forgive him."
It actually helped. I couldn't be as mad at or disappointed by a child as I could be with a grown man. So, at least on some occasions, we were both spared the heartache of an uncomfortable silence or a not-so-silent argument. And I sometimes still use versions of that trick whenever I feel frustrated or angry in other relationships or personal exchanges.
But what if you could mentally change the form of the emotion itself? According to scientists at the University of Texas, maybe you can.
Focusing specifically on sadness, the researchers asked two groups of study participants to write about a time in their lives when they felt very sad. They then asked one group to imagine sadness as a person, and write down a description of the person they imagined would be sadness. Not surprisingly, the participants described sadness in such ways as an older person with gray hair and sunken eyes or a young girl holding her head down as she slowly walked along.
The researchers asked the other group of participants to write down a description of sadness with respect to its impact on their moods. When asked to rate their levels of sadness after completing their descriptions, the participants who wrote about the emotion itself and how it affects them reported higher levels of sadness than the group that anthropomorphized (人格化)sadness into a specific type of person with familiar human characteristics. The researchers suggest that by giving life to the emotion, participants can view sadness as something (or someone) separate and somewhat distant from themselves, helping them relieve their negative feelings.
While it's okay to feel sad, many people behave in unconscious and sometimes self-destructive ways to distract or "save" themselves when they are consumed by negative emotions. So in the study authors wanted to know whether or not the group that reported feeling less sad would make smarter shopping decisions.
They tested this by asking participants in both groups to first choose between a salad or a cheesecake dessert to go with the main dish they were having for lunch. The researchers also asked participants to choose between a computer loaded with features for productivity or a computer loaded with features for entertainment. Those study participants who had anthropomorphized their emotions were more likely to choose the salad and the productive computer than those who had simply written about their feelings.
For obvious reasons, then, they say this technique is best for reduce negative emotions.
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A Little Trick to Help You Feel Sad |
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Passage outlines |
Supporting details |
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The writer's experience |
When he was angry with his partner, the writer was able to improve his mood by his partner as a little boy, which is sometimes to both sides. |
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This trick can mentally change the form of people's emotion |
It is no that the study participants tend to picture sadness as an older person or an unhappy girl. The participants who describe their emotion as a person have a level of sadness than those who merely describe their emotion itself. |
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This trick can people's consumption decisions |
When lost in negative emotions, people may lose of themselves and behave in self-destructive ways. Participants who give to the emotion prefer salad while those who don't choose food in sugar and caloric. |
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This little trick can help people reduce negative feelings. |
Trust has been regarded as the basis of any relationship, including friendship. No relationship can last long with a lack of trust. Not many of your friends will have real faith in you as you would like to believe. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Sometimes, it takes years, even a complete lifetime, to trust someone. However, how do we know if our friends have faith in us?
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}With whom will you share things that you don't want everyone to know? It would be with a close friend, whom you trust as much as you trust yourself. While a few of your friend may be fiercely protective of their privacy and may not tell their secrets to anyone, those who do, surely find you trustworthy and reliable.
Whom do you look up to for advice when you need it the most? It has to be either your parents or your friends. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} This is a shining example of trust. You only seek advice from people you hold in high regard and find dependable. The friends who trust you will never forget to include you in the important decisions of their life.
Arguments and heated discussions are a part of every relationship, and this is also true for friendship. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} While some people find it difficult to forgive and forget, your friends will never have problems moving on. It is because they trust you and believe that you will never cause any pain to them on purpose.
There are times in life when you find yourself a lonely soldier. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Your friends will never let you down and will strongly stand for you when you need encouragement. You can determine that they trust you and believe in your beliefs, if they side with you when you need them the most.
A. If your friends share their secrets, there's a good possibility that they have much faith in you. B. People can be extraordinarily jealous sometimes. C. Two people cannot have identical reaction to a situation and different opinions do exist. D. In fact, winning trust is, by far, the most challenging aspect of relationships. E. No matter how close you are to your friend, you cannot take that comfort level for granted. F. However, people who are fortunate to have been blessed with true friends are never alone in any battle. G. You know they will never pass on a wrong suggestion. |
I do think that dieting does not work. What it does do is to make you uneasy about food. Imagine you are prepared to abandon your belief and imagine yourself like a slim person...how do you get there?
{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Focus on what you really want, not what you don't want. Imagine how you would like to be. See a big picture of yourself, looking fantastic in your bathing suit, how good would you be feeling?{#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Slim people eat based on how hungry they are and when lunch time or tea time or dinner time around; they don't just fill up their plate because the food is there. The next time hunger pangs （剧痛） strike, imagine you have a scale in your mind from one to ten. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Check where you are on that scale before you put something into your mouth. You can also use the scale to judge how full you're getting.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}
Hunger is the only good reason for eating. Most overweight people have got into the habit of eating when they are not hungry. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Many people have forgotten how to eat when they're hungry and most diets tell you to ignore pleasure and ignore hunger and they also tell you when/how much and exactly what to eat.
A. Recognize real hunger B. Don't watch TV or read books while eating. C. One means you're starving; ten means you're not hungry. D. Slim people eat based on how hungry they feel before a meal. E. Exercise is an efficient way of losing weight. F. Start by believing in yourself as a slim person. G. Get that great confident feeling by creating how you would like to be. |
Many of us have someone in our lives that has absolutely everything. Buying a gift for that special person can prove quite stressful. Here are a few points aimed at making this challenge a little bit easier.
Buying that hard-to-find gift can have you wandering the malls for hours on end with little or no luck. Before starting such a shopping journey, think carefully about what that person might really enjoy instead of hoping the perfect gift will miraculously(奇迹般地 ) appear. Think about what is happening in their lives at the moment. Have they recently experienced a major life event, taken up a new hobby, or planned a trip? Think about how your gin can contribute to a these events.
Have you ever found that perfect Christmas gift for someone in July, but decided to waif and buy it later? If you think it's a good gift, buy it then. Don't wait until the last minute to buy that perfect present. Chances are that you'll either forget what that gift was or it won't be available when you go to get it later. Last-minute shopping is rather stressful and usually doesn't have the desired results.
Anything you can buy at a retail store these days can also be bought on the Internet. Better still, you can find special gifts that you normally can't find at the mall. Search for special gift ideas and you'll be amazed at the things that you may never have thought of before. For example, find out what their favorite toy or book was when they were a child and see if you can find it for sale on an auction site（拍卖现场）.
Spend some time with the person and get a better idea of their interests. They may mention that they've needed something for the moment but just haven't got around to getting it. Or maybe they've lost or broken something that they really miss. Maybe they're still using something from the past that needs updating.
If all else fails, there are always gift cards. Rather than just give the gift card, however, be a little creative. Make a game out of it such as wrapping the card in a series of larger boxes so it takes a while to get to it rather than just having them open an envelope. Another choice is to include a gift card with some theatre tickets.
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Topic:{#blank#}1{#/blank#} on buying a gift for someone who has everything |
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Think outside the Store. |
●Think carefully about what might really {#blank#}2{#/blank#} the person before going shopping, rather than trying your luck at the mall. ●Finding out what the person is {#blank#}3{#/blank#} you. |
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Don't wait until the last minute. |
●No matter when you have found a proper gift, buy it {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. ●Trying to find a gift just before the event can cause you much stress and the gift may {#blank#}5{#/blank#} you. |
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Shop {#blank#}6{#/blank#}. |
●You can find more special gifts on the Internet than at malls. ●You may get a good {#blank#}7{#/blank#} from the Internet. ●It's a good idea to give the person what he liked most during his {#blank#}8{#/blank#}. |
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Listen closely for Ideas. |
Spend some time learning about what the person needs at {#blank#}9{#/blank#}. |
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Give a gift card. |
Wrap the gift card {#blank#}10{#/blank#}, or give it together with some theatre tickets. |
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