题型:完形填空 题类:常考题 难易度:困难
安徽省合肥三中2018-2019学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷
Almost everyone wants to get smarter. We struggle to improve our 1, intelligence and attention. We drink cup after cup of coffee to help us 2 the day.
3, a new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that there are 4 to how smart humans can get.
Each of our body parts develops in a certain way for a reason. 5 we are not 3 meters tall 6 most people's hearts are not strong enough to send 7 up that high. Scientists say that our thinking ability works in the same way. A baby's brain size is limited by a series of 8 , such as the size of the mother's pelvis(骨盆). If our brains developed to be bigger, there could be more 9 during childbirth.
The study of Jews, who have an average IQ much 10 than other Europeans, showed they were more 11 to develop diseases of the 12 system. This might be because of their increased brainpower.
If intelligence cannot be improved, can we at least get better at 13? Not really, say scientists. They studied 14 like caffeine(咖啡因) that improve attention. They found the drugs only helped people with serious 15 problems. For those who did not have trouble paying attention, the drugs could have the 16 effect. Scientists say that this suggests there is a(n) 17 limit to how much people can or should concentrate.
Our memory is also a "double-edged sword". People with extremely good memories could 18 having a difficult life because they cannot 19 bad things that happen to them.
Thomas Hills, one of the authors of the paper, said that 20 all the problems in trying to get smarter, it's unlikely that there will ever be a "super mind".
To the Editors: I am surprised to read that Dr. Strojnik ("Direct Detection of Exoplanets," September-October2023) states that we have not yet and cannot directly image exoplanets (外部行星). This is incorrect. NASA/IPAC has a list at exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/does/imaging.html. One example is an image of 51 Eridani b. The planet is 2.6 times as massive as Jupiter and has the same radius (半径). Gerard Kriss Space Telescope Science Institute |
Dr. Gerard: I am pleased that my article brought a response. The phrase "planet detection" arouses in people's imaginations beautiful images of planets that are creative artistic representations of novel worlds. But a blur of brightness is not an image. Exoplanet researchers routinely call videos such as the one below of 51 Eridani b "direct images" because the planet's light has been separated from that of its star. "Directly imaged" is the standard language of exoplanet astronomy. But to an optical (光学的) scientist such as myself, there is a strong distinction between direct detection (the planet's light separated from the light of its star) and direct imaging (a proven picture of the exoplanet). From an optical researcher's perspective, a single bright spot simply is not an image. Indeed, even the word "direct" in direct detection is debatable from an optical researcher's point of view. The detection of the light of the exoplanet requires significant processing, adding multiple images and removing starlight based on theoretical models of the source signal. But the interpretation of a bright spot as a planet is only possible upon visual inspection and optimistic thinking. As an optical scientist, I cannot look at a single spot and call it an image of exoplanets. A trajectory (轨迹), or a series of bright points, is not an image of a planet, although it very likely represents something that nowadays is described as an exoplanet. Marija Strojnik |
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