Vote for the 2019 TIME for Kids Person of the Year!

    Time flies! Before we know it, we'll be ringing in 2020. The TFK team is taking a look back at 2019. Who was the most important person of the year? Read on to learn about all the nominees (被提名的人), and then cast your vote. We'll announce the winner in mid⁃December. Now get to it! Every vote counts.

    Since 2016, Chef JOSE ANDRES and the team at his nonprofit group, World Central Kitchen, have provided meals to survivors of hurricanes, wildfires, and other emergencies. In 2019, Hurricane Dorian hit the Bahamas. Andrés and his team sprang into action. At press time, they had served more than 1.75 million meals there.

    Swedish climate activist GRETA THUNBERG, 16, is the face of the youth movement for climate awareness. In August, Greta set out on a zero⁃emissions sail across the Atlantic Ocean to speak to world leaders at the 2019 United Nations Climate Action Summit. She was nominated for this year's Nobel Peace Prize and continues to inspire people of all ages to fight for the health of Planet Earth.

    Dutch inventor BOYAN SLAT founded The Ocean Cleanup in 2013. His goal: To get rid of plastics polluting the world's oceans. This fall, Slat announced that the system was finally working. The device is being used in an area of the Pacific Ocean. Nearly 2 trillion pieces of trash have collected there. Slat hopes to get half of the trash removed by 2025.

    Author JASON REYNOLDS has written more than a dozen books for kids. He's a 2019 National Book Awards finalist for Young People's Literature. In his books and in real life, Reynolds is concerned with the voices of black children and teenagers. In 2019, he made some 50 visits to classrooms and conferences. His mission: to show readers that he values their stories as much as they value his.

    Frederick Phiri is the junk⁃art king of Zambia: at just 22, he started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap metal(金属废料) found in his community.

    Phiri's father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class.

    After graduating, he did what he could to support himself by making animal sculptures from wires and sold them to tourists. His work was so popular that it caught the eye of Karen Beattie, director of Project Luangwa, a nonprofit dedicated to education and economic development in central Africa.

    "I introduced him to a local welder(焊工),"Beattie told Newsweek.

In 2017, Phiri worked with welder Moses Mbewe during the rainy season, helping to make a complex set of doors for Project Luangwa. The piece sparked an idea in Beattie's mind:" I handed him a bunch of scrap metal and said, 'Make something with this.' And he did. It was wonderful."

    Today, Phiri continues his art, using pieces of junk people bring him — keys, broken bike chains, old metal plugs and whatever scrap metal is lying around. He then turns the junk into abstract animals — elephants, cranes, giraffes, chameleons — and sells them at Project Luangwa headquarters. The community has recognized his talents.

    "My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it," Phiri said". And then to make very large sculptures."

    An electric flying vehicle called Skai was shown yesterday near Los Angeles, California. Skai is made by Alaka'i Technologies. The vehicle has six rotors(旋翼)on the roof and seats inside for five people.

    Like a drone(无人机), the vehicle from Alaka'i Technologies takes off and lands vertically(垂直地). It's one of many similar electric flying vehicles in production, including ones from Boeing and Airbus. But most of them are powered by batteries, which can add a lot of weight. The Skai instead uses very light hydrogen fuel cells to run its rotors, giving it a range of 400 miles(644 kilometers)and the capacity to carry 1,000 pounds(454 kilograms)in people or goods, the company says.

    Alaka'i says it's planning a test flight near its Massachusetts headquarters. It will be flown by an on ⁃ board pilot (飞行员), but the technology exists to eventually fly it remotely and even autonomously. However, it will be years before the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) allows the autonomous flight of passenger vehicles, said Thaddeus Lightfoot, who helps companies navigate FAA rules.

    "Drone⁃ like vehicles such as the Skai must first simply prove their airworthiness, like any common plane. After that, getting commercial certification is another complex process. The technology is interesting, but the regulatory road will be very long," said Lightfoot, adding that the idea of allowing people to fly in a large aircraft without a pilot is" well outside the current regulatory system."

    Hanvey, CEO of Alaka'i Technologies, said that it could take at least a decade before the company realizes his goal of electric flying vehicles ferrying passengers over major cities at nearly 120 mph. Before that, he hopes to see Skai aircraft used by first responders to send in food or water following disasters like hurricanes or wildfires. It could also serve as a mobile cell tower, staying in the sky for up to 10 hours over a neighborhood to provide communication services, he said.

    Driving while talking on the phone increases the likelihood of an accident and is actually more dangerous than driving drunk, U.S. researchers report. This holds true whether the driver is holding a cell phone or using a hands⁃free device.

    "As a society, we have agreed on not tolerating the risk associated with drunk driving," said researcher Frank Drews, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Utah." This study shows us that somebody who is conversing on a cell phone is exposing him or herself and others to a similar risk — cell phones actually are a higher risk," he said.

    In the study, 40 people followed a pace car along a prescribed course, using a driving simulator (模拟仪). Some people drove while talking on a cell phone, others drove while drunk (meaning their blood-alcohol limit matched the legal limit of 0.08 percent), and others drove with no such distractions. The researchers found an increased accident rate when people were conversing on the cell phone. Drivers on cell phones were 5.36 times more likely to get in an accident.

    The bottom line: Cell⁃phone use was linked to" a significant increase in the accident rate," Drews said.

    The phone users did even worse than the inebriated, the Utah team found. There were three accidents among those talking on cell phones — all of them involving a rear⁃ending (追尾) of the pace car. In contrast, there were no accidents recorded among participants who were drunk.

    In response to safety concerns, some states have declared it illegal to use hand⁃held cell phones while driving. But that type of law may not be effective, because the Utah researchers found no difference in driver performance whether the driver was holding the phone or talking on a hands⁃free model.

    "We have seen again and again that there is no difference between hands⁃free and hand⁃held devices," Drews said." The problem is the conversation. The best solution to the problem is obvious: Don't talk on the phone while you are driving."

Experienced⁃Based Education

    Everyone is familiar with traditional education. You sit in a class and a teacher teaches.  This is an important part of development. But at some point, every individual has to take charge of their own education. To do this, one must look at the root of learning.

    Basically, unfamiliar experiences usually add more value than experiences that are familiar.

    And we are in a better state to learn something new. Honestly, someone who never experiences the same thing twice will never have a chance to benefit from anything learned. However, new experiences are generally what make people interesting and push them to grow.

    High school is a new experience. College is a new experience. However, at some point traditional education becomes repetitive. It is not that you won't learn anything else, but that the environment is so familiar.

    To solve this, an individual needs to introduce new experiences into their life. You may spend a summer in a different part of the country or learn a new language through trial and error. You can also go to a drive⁃in movie（or some other entertainment event that is new to you）.

    These types of experiences often result in very little“book knowledge”.  Instead, they will often provide you with a better understanding of yourself as you experience your reaction to different situations. It can be invaluable for you to work effectively with others. Becoming a well ⁃ rounded human isn't something that happens by accident. You can spend your entire lifetime developing your potential.

A. Has education changed so much in the last decade?

B. They will also provide you with a better understanding of others.

C. Those new experiences may not lead to great personal development.

D. These are all things that can stretch and expand your experience in life.

E. This is because unfamiliar experiences require much more of our attention.

F. As a result, you can easily become less aware of your experience and not learn as much.

G. What makes some experiences add great value to our lives while other experiences do not?

    Colorado's Grays Peak(格雷斯峰) rises 14,278 feet above sea level, high enough that trees can't grow toward the top. It was in this difficult environment that Cindy was 1 enough to injure her left knee.

    It was August 2018, and Cindy, 56, was on her way back down the trail (小路) with three friends. As a storm was coming, they were2 to get off the mountain. When they3 a rocky drop of a couple of feet, Cindy4 that instead of moving down slowly — the safe way to go — she would5. She landed on her left leg. Then she felt a sharp6 in her leg.

    Every7 after that was extremely painful. Before long, she had to8. As one friend ran down to get9, a number of other hikers, all strangers,10 to help Cindy down the narrow trail by walking on either side of her to support her 11, but that proved slow and dangerous.

    Finally, one hiker, Matt, asked her," How do you feel about a fireman's 12?" Before she knew it, he had13 her over his shoulder." Now, I'm not tiny," says Cindy, a former college basketball star.14 Matt couldn't carry her all the way down by himself. So six hikers and one of her friends15 carrying her. Three hours and two rock⁃strewn miles later, this human conveyor belt16 the medical workers in the end, who17 Cindy to the nearby hospital.

    Now she has mostly 18 from her unlucky hike, but Cindy knows she'll never shake one thing from that day: the19 of the band of strangers who came to her20." I'm still moved to tears."

    Everyone is familiar with a to⁃do list, but most people don't really understand the (important) of having a list of the things they want to accomplish. Creating a to⁃do list is creating a list of goals. The list tells you what you need to do (achieve）some larger outcome in your life.

    A list is a way to break down your life goals into manageable (step）that you can complete in a specific amount of time. In this sense, your list becomes a guide (show) you how to succeed in life.

    The way most people start off creating to ⁃ do lists isn't (particular）effective. It is easy to end up with many items aren't important. Developing a talent in creating your lists (be) very beneficial. First, you need to see your list as sacred（神圣的） place. It is there to help you achieve your life goals. It represents items on which you plan to spend part of your valuable and limited time. This doesn't mean you can't put (small) items on the list — like getting groceries. It does mean that you need to make sure you only use your list things that are actually valuable to you.

注意：1）词数100 左右；

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。

    How is it going? Hearing that you have trouble make small talk with strangers in China, I'd like to offer you my advices.

    Firstly, it is normal to feel a bit of nervous when approaching someone new. Everyone gets little shy first; after all, you don't know how the person is like. The only way was to get over being shy and approach us. Secondly, Chinese people, especially youngsters, are general friendly, kind and enthusiastic. You can talk about almost everything range from sports, film stars, hot movies to music. Thirdly, there are some sensitive topics such like age, weight and income, which should be avoided.

1）自我介绍；

2）家庭住宿条件及周边交通状况；

3）其它优势。