题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2017-2018学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷
Did you know that the color of uniforms(制服)can influence the performance of an athlete? It may sound strange, but a study suggests this might be true.
Two British scientists studied the results of four spots in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games where the athletes had been given either a red or a blue uniform. They discovered that when there was a big difference in the score, color had no influence on the result . But if it was a close match, the athlete in a red uniform was more likely to win. Then they looked at the uniforms of the soccer teams at the Euro 2004 tournament. Again, teams wearing red won more games.
The two scientists got their idea from earlier studies of wild animals. It had been discovered that when a male(雄性)shows red on its body, it sends a signal(信号)of its power and strength. For example, in many kinds of monkey, the more the male shows off its red scars(伤疤),the more females it can attract.
Based on this fact, the British scientists thought that the idea might work for humans, too. According to them, when an athlete sees a competitor in a red uniform, he gets a feeling that his competitor could be stronger than him. And that kind of feeling may have a bad influence on the player's performance in the actual game.
Although the idea is interesting, most people don't accept that color signals in the animal world can really be useful to humans in sports. They think that it is unreasonable to develop an idea based on such a small number of examples. Much more research has to be done to prove the influence of uniform colors on the performance of athletes.
The average computer user has between 5 and 15 username/password combinations to log in different kinds of accounts. Some demand you use a specific number of symbols and digits, while others require you to change your password every 60 days. The feeling of confusion resulting from memorizing these login information has grown so common that it actually has a name: password fatigue(疲劳).
Having to remember so many different passwords is annoying, but it can also be dangerous. Because it is virtually impossible to remember a unique password for each of these accounts, many people leave handwritten lists of usernames and passwords on or next to their computers.
{#blank#}1{#/blank#} While these practices make it easier to remember login information, they also make it easier for thieves to hack into accounts.
Single Sign-On (SSO) confirmation and password management software can help solve this problem. With SSO, users only need to remember one password to log in to the main system.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#} SSO software is typically used by large companies, schools, or libraries.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} If a user loses or forgets the password required to log in to SSO software, the user will then lose access to all of the applications linked to the SSO account. Users who rely on password management software face the same problems.
Although most websites or network systems allow users to recover or change lost passwords by providing email addresses or answering a prompt(提示), this process can waste time and cause further frustration. What is more, recovering a forgotten password is only a temporary solution.
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Some computer scientists have suggested computers rely on biometrics(生物测定学). {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The use of biometrics raises questions concerning privacy and can also be expensive to practice.
Software engineers and computer security experts are still searching for the cure to password fatigue. Until they find the perfect solution, however, everyone will simply have to rely on the password system currently in place.
A. It does not address the larger problem of password fatigue. B. These software programs have been built into many major web browsers C. The problem with password management software makes users feel powerless. D. The SSO software then automatically logs the user in to other accounts within the system. E. However, SSO confirmation and password management software also have drawbacks. F. This is a method of recognizing human users based on unique traits, such as fingerprints, voice, or DNA. G. Others solve this problem by using the same password for every account or using extremely simple passwords. |
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