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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江苏省泰州市2017-2018学年高二下学期英语期末调研试卷

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处填入一个最恰当的单词。

Guilt, a positive use for a negative emotion

    Guilt is one the most painful emotions that humans experience but also one of the most common. Nobody enjoys feeling guilty, but this emotion serves an important purpose: it alerts a person when he or she has done something wrong. This makes it possible for the person to make amends and it can also motivate people to avoid making similar mistakes later.

    Nevertheless, guilt can be destructive if not dealt with in the right way. It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inaction. Some try to avoid the pain of guilt by turning to other worse habits. Others try to cover up their guilt by blaming others or becoming angry.

    What makes it more complicated is that sometimes people feel guilty about things that they can't control. One example of this is survivors' guilt, when people who survived a disaster feel guilty because they escaped death while others didn't. Other people experience false guilt because of too high expectations for themselves.

    The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with. For false guilt, it's important to recognize that guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure. For example, some false guilt focuses on failing to meet expectations you had for yourself. In this case, it's important to remind yourself that you have limits. No one is perfect, and no one can do everything, so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.

    It's also important to acknowledge what you are feeling. Even when you don't need to feel guilty, these feelings are real and normal. Try to balance them with positive thoughts, but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.

    It's possible that you feel guilty because you actually did something wrong—or didn't do something you should have .If so, don't try to hide it. Apologize and ask for forgiveness, working to heal relationships that were damaged by your actions, which will make your guilty feelings fade.

    Guilt is painful, but it can serve a good purpose if you use it well.

Guilt, a positive use for a negative emotion

One purpose it serves

To warn people of their mistakes,  them to mend their mistakes and motivating them to avoid  the same action again.

Causes of guilt

● A person did something wrong.

● A person didn't do something he or she should have done.

● Something happened  a person's control.

● A person  too much of himself or herself.

Destructive results

If it is not  correctly, people may:

 from others because of embarrassment;

● turn to other worse habits to avoid the pain of guilt;

● cover their guilt by  the blame or being angry.

Proper response

● Recognize guilt is not a reflection of ethical failure.

Admit your limits when you  to meet your expectation.

● Acknowledge your feelings.

Balance them with positive thoughts and be.

● Don't hide your guilt.

Apologize and ask for forgiveness and work to  up with the people you hurt.

Conclusion

If made good use of, guilt can be useful though it is painful.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Life is just like a box. Inside it are happiness and sorrow, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in it teach us new lessons and make us a better person.

    Love

    Love plays a key role in our life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could become cruel and violent. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with unconditional love and care. They tell us what is right or wrong, good or bad. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}.It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to the feelings of others. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better.

    Happiness and Sorrow

    Materialistic happiness is short­lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others gives a certain level of fulfillment.  {#blank#}2{#/blank#}.No mind is happy without peace. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow. Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are temporary and pass away.

    Failure and Success

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.

    Hope and Despair

    Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same. We have only one choice—keep moving on in life and be hopeful.

Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be right or dull. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.

A. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour

B. So the only alternative is work hard today

C. But we always tend to take this for granted

D. Success lies in trusting yourself

E. So let's enjoy every day

F. Failure is the path to success

G. Peace of mind is the main link to happiness

任务型阅读

    It seems that there is never enough time in the day. But,since we all get the same 24 hours,why is it that some people achieve much more than others?{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

Keep a to-do list.

    You should have a reminder system to tell you when you need to do what.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Carry a pen andpaper wherever you go and write down the things you need to do, including appointments and deadlines.

Set goals.

    Set yourself specific goals,and make sure that they are realistic. To do this, you first need to examine your present situation and assess(判断)which goals are important to you. Have a secondary route to your goals in case you have to change your plans.

Break down (分解)tasks.

    Break goals down into different parts so that you can accomplish them one step at a time{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Try to complete one task before you go on to the next.

Organize your time.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}A good way to do this is to record everything you do for a week in detail and then examine your record to see how you use or waste your time.

{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Keep your work space tidy so that you can work efficiently - it's hard to work if things you need to find are buried under a pile of paper! Work to schedule (为...安排时间)so that you can meet deadlines in good time - don't leave everything until the last minute.

A Develop a regular work order.

B. Make a detailed plan.

C. The best time to do something is usually NOW.

D. The answer lies in good time management.

E. Don't try to remember everything in your head.

F.Write these steps down, and try to be as detailed as you can when you do this.

G. Identify areas of your life where you are wasting time and try to reduce them.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.

    Recite and repeat in conversation. When you hear a person's name, repeat it. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.

    Ask the other person to recite and repeat. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. After you've been introduced to someone, ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Admitting that you can't remember someone's name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say, "I'm working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?"

    Use associations (联想). {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. For example, you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng—tall, black hair." To reinforce (强迫) your associations , ,write them on a small card as soon as possible.

    Limit the number of new names you learn at one time. When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.

A. Admit you don't know.

B. Recite and repeat names.

C. Free yourself from remembering everyone.

D. You can let other people help you remember their names.

E. If you can't remember someone's name, you may tell him the truth.

F. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips.

G. Link each person you meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual.

Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Sustainable Cities Need More Than Parks, Cafes and a Riverwalk

    There are many standards that aim to rank how green cities are. But what does it actually mean for a city to be green or sustainable?

    We've written about what we call the "parks, cafes and a riverwalk" model of sustainability, which focuses on providing new green spaces, mainly for high-income people. This vision of shiny residential towers and waterfront parks has become a widely-shared conception of what green cities should look like. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Gentrification(住宅高档化) has become a catch-all term used to describe neighborhood change, and is often misunderstood as the only path to neighborhood improvement. In fact, its defining feature is displacement. Typically, people who move into these changing neighborhoods are wealthier and more educated than residents who are displaced.

    A recent flood of new research has focused on the displacement effects of environmental cleanup and green space initiatives. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Land for new development and resources to fund extensive cleanup of poisonous sites are scarce in many cities. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} And in neighborhoods where gentrification has already begun, a new park or farmers market can worsen the problem by making the area even more attractive to potential high-income people and pricing out long-term residents. In some cases, developers even create temporary community gardens or farmers markets or promise more green space than they eventually deliver, in order to market a neighborhood to buyers looking for green pleasantness.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} It makes deindustrialization seem both inevitable and desirable, often by quite literally replacing industry with more natural-looking landscapes. When these neighborhoods are finally cleaned up, after years of activism by longtime residents, those advocates often are unable to stay and enjoy the benefits of their efforts.

A. This phenomenon is often missing from development projects promoted as green or sustainable.

B. This phenomenon has variously been called environmental, eco-or green gentrification.

C. Greening and environmental cleanup do not automatically or necessarily lead to gentrification.

D. This creates pressure to rezone industrial land for residential towers or profitable commercial space, in exchange for developer-funded cleanup.

E. But it can drive up real estate prices and displace low- and middle-income residents.

F. Environmental gentrification naturalizes the disappearance of manufacturing and the working class.

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

    Many of the most memorable ad campaigns nowadays tend to be funny. Advertisers use this strategy to attract customers to their products. Audiences like to be entertained not forced. People will pay more attention to a humorous commercial than a factual serious one opening themselves up to be influenced. The key to funny advertising is assuring the humor is appropriate to both the product and customers. The balance between being funny and being obnoxious can often be delicate, and a marketer must be certain the positive effects outweigh the negative before an advertisement can be introduced.

    The best products to sell using humor tend to be those that consumers think the least about. Products that are relatively inexpensive and often consumable can be represented without providing a lot of facts, and that's where there's room for humor. Candy, too, food, and entertainment-related products such as toys have got the most benefits from humor in their campaigns. One of the most important things to keep in mind is relevance to the product.

    Another point to consider when using humor in advertising is that different things are funny to different people. A commercial that may make one person burst into laughter may leave a bad taste in another's mouth. The target market must always be considered, what's funny in a client presentation may not be funny on an airplane, at a country club or in hospital.

    Humor in advertising tends to improve brand recognition but does not improve product recall message credibility, or buying intentions. In other words, consumers may be familiar with a good feeling towards the product, but their purchasing decisions will probably not be affected. One of the major keys to a successful humorous campaign is variety. Once a commercial start to wear out, it's impossible to save ii without some variation on the concept Humorous campaigns are often expensive because they have to be constantly changed. Advertisers must remember that while making customers laugh, they have to keep thing interesting because old jokes die along with their products.

Humor in advertising

Funny advertising

•Humor in advertising can draw consumer's attention, and help them to {#blank#}1{#/blank#} an advertisement easily.

•Humor in advertising should be well suited to the product and consumers.

•A commercial should find the delicate {#blank#}2{#/blank#}between being funny and being obnoxious, and make sure its positive effects top its {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

Products

• Humor best {#blank#}4{#/blank#} for the products which are often {#blank#}5{#/blank#}, consumable and common.

• Humor can be {#blank#}6{#/blank#} in the commercial when it's {#blank#}7{#/blank#}to represent the products with plenty of facts. •In an ad, humor should be {#blank#}8{#/blank#} to the products.

Factors

• Humor used in advertising should fit in with the target market.

• Humorous advertising should show its {#blank#}9{#/blank#}.

Influence

The brand can be {#blank#}10{#/blank#} by many people but it doesn't necessarily have an effect on consumers purchasing desire.

请认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

    Looking back at my younger years, I am sometimes amazed at how life has turned out. Nothing is exactly what I had originally planned for. The only thing that stays the same is who I am, my values, and my interests. If I could go back in time and hang out with my younger self for a day, here's what I would tell her.

    ⒈Everything happens for a reason.

    Without mistakes and failure, you would never have learned. Without pain, you would never have grown. So don't stress or think that life is unfair, because everything happens for a reason. And only time will tell what it will teach us.

    ⒉Focus on one thing at a time. You can have it all but not all at once.

    It is not surprising that many of us are doing too many things at once. We need to make ends meet. But if you are working three jobs at a time, it is not likely that you will succeed at any of them. You have to keep your eyes on the big picture. You have to ask yourself what exactly do you want to achieve for the next 10 years? Focus on one thing at a time. Achieve your goals one by one.

    ⒊You can plan ahead, but your plan will definitely change when the time comes.

    You can plan ahead because sometimes planning ahead can give you a clearer direction of where you want to go. However, plans will almost always change, so be prepared!

    ⒋Trust your instincts.(直觉)

    Don't worry too much about a decision you have to make. Just do what feels right. You know what you want. You might consult other people. But deep down, you know what you want. Do what makes you happy. Because at the end of the day, even if you follow logic, you will want to quit and follow your heart.

    ⒌It's okay to be unsure about your purpose in life.

    You might be graduating or have hit a turning point with your career. You might feel a bit lost and unsure of where to go. It's okay. Go out there and try as many different things as you can. Don't ever feel like you're wasting your time. Enjoy the journey. Don't rush. Every little path will lead you somewhere. And looking back, you will be able to connect the dots. It will all make sense.

    ⒍Don't try too hard with people.

    Don't worry if you feel like it's hard to make new friends. Just be yourself and be as open as you can. It might take a while until you find new best friends and a mate for life, but when you do, you will know it. It's not hard work. So, just do your thing and be yourself.

A letter to my younger self

Introduction

My values and interests stay the same even when life always offers me {#blank#}1{#/blank#} results.

Everything happens for a reason.

Mistakes, failure and sufferings help us learn and grow. So don't question the {#blank#}2{#/blank#} of life.

Everything comes in to{#blank#}3{#/blank#} a purpose and time will give us answers eventually.

Focus on one thing at a time.

In order to make a {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, people have to do too many things at once, but many of them are not likely to succeed in this way.

You need to have a(n) {#blank#}5{#/blank#} plan for your future.

Don't be afraid of change.

You can plan {#blank#}6{#/blank#} but also make sure that you get prepared for the change.

Follow your {#blank#}7{#/blank#}.

Find out what you really want and do it firmly.

It's okay to be unsure about your purpose in life.

If you can't see your future {#blank#}8{#/blank#}, it is not a waste of time going out and trying as many different things as you can.

Whatever little things you do, when you connect the dots year later, you will see the {#blank#}9{#/blank#} hidden behind them.

Don't try too hard with people.

Be {#blank#}10{#/blank#} when you can't find your new best friends or mate for life. Things happen when they are going to happen. So be yourself.

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