任务型阅读 The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and is also called the Double...

题型：任务型阅读题类：真题难易度：普通

山东省青岛市2018年中考英语试卷

任务型阅读

The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and is also called the Double Ninth Festival. As both the month and the day are nine, it got this name. To celebrate the day, people usually climb mountains and enjoy chrysanthemum (菊花), so the festival is also known as the Height Ascending (登高) Festival or the Chrysanthemum Festival. In China, nine has the similar pronunciation with the word “forever”, meaning long life. So the Chinese government set the day as the Seniors' Day.

The festival has a history of over 2000 years. During the Warring States Period, there was the Chongyang Festival. But it was only celebrated in the imperial palace. From the Han Dynasty, it began to be popular among the common people. The name of the Chongyang Festival first appeared in the Three Kingdoms Period. During the Jin Dynasty, there were customs of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking wines on the day. It was not (A) officially set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty. Since then, all the people have spent the festival with kinds of activities. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people in the imperial palace all ate flower cakes to celebrate. The emperor climbed the mountain on the day as well. In 1989, the Chinese government set the day as the Seniors' Day.

As September has the clear sky and fresh air, it is a very good time to climb the mountain. There will be a happy sense of excitement by climbing the mountain in this season. Also, it is good for health. Since the Western Han Dynasty, it has been the custom of climbing on the Chongyang Festival.

On the day, enjoying chrysanthemum is very popular as the flower means long life. Drinking chrysanthemum is regarded as a way to prevent disasters and bad things. Inserting Zhuyu and sticking chrysanthemum are also traditions to avoid the bad as (B) they have special smells which can repel (驱逐) insects and keep out the cold.

Eating Chongyang cakes is another tradition on the festival. There is no fixed way of the cake but the one with nine layers (层) with two sheep on it is the best. Two sheep means Chongyang. Nine layers show people could do well in everything.

（1）、回答问题。How many other names does the Chongyang Festival have?

（2）、根据短文内容，猜测(A)处划线单词officially的意思。

A、办公室 B、官方 C、民间

（3）、用英语列举人们在重阳节登山的两个原因。

①

②

（4）、从文中找出(B)处划线单词they所指代的内容。

（5）、从文中找出与 “The best cake has nine layers and two sheep on the top though there are different cakes” 意思相同或相近的句子。

（6）、根据短文内容填空。每空不超过3个单词。）

There have been many traditions and customs on the Chongyang Festival. People show respect for the seniors, ①, ② ③, insert Zhuyu and enjoy chrysanthemum.

举一反三

根据短文内容回答下列问题。

The word "hobby" is an interesting word. Every person has one thing he or she likes to do for fun. Some people like to collect things like stamps or story books. Others like to play football or go window shopping where you can look at many beautiful things without buying them.

I have many hobbies I do for fun. I sometimes play golf with my sons. I play tennis with all the family. I like to collect music books. I also collect musical instruments from China like the erhu, the dizi, the xiao, the suona, and the pipa. These are the instruments of China which cannot be found in America.

My favourite hobby is fishing. I like to go and see my brother in the state of Alaska where fishing is wonderful. The two of us take a boat and go to a small river where we fish for salmon, the American most famous fish.

任务型阅读
    What's in a Name?
    Many American names come from England. But where did most English names come from? Centuries ago, most people in England had only one name--their first name. In the 11th century, five or six of the 50 people in a village might be named William, and it was easy to get confused(困惑). But in the Middle Ages, people found a way to describe each person exactly. If there were four Williams in one village, one might be referred to as William the son of John. A second might be called William from the hill. A third, William the blacksmith(铁匠). And a fourth, William the brown haired. In conversation, people might refer to the four Williams as William John's son, William hill, William smith, and William brown.
    It was 300 or 400 years before the extra(附加的) names gradually developed into last names, or surnames. They were passed on from generation to generation. By the 1300s, Robert, the son of William smith, had the name Robert smith, even if he was not a blacksmith like his father. As the last name became widely accepted, the first letter was capitalized, as in Robert Smith. By the 15th century, most people of the upper and middle classes had surnames.
    Many surnames were based on father-son relations. The “son of” part was added to the father's first name, like Johnson, meaning John's son. Sometimes it was shortened to just “s”, as in Jones or Evans. Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived. They are the most common type of surname. A third kind of surname was based on a person's job. Forester was someone who looked after the forest. In the Middle Ages, occupation names such as Baker, Carpenter, and Miller became common. The fourth kind of surname was nickname(绰号). A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce as a bear.
    Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so common? The most common surname in the English language is Smith. Being able to make metals(金属) into tools was an important skill in the Middle Ages, so many people were trained as blacksmiths. The most common American surnames are Smith, Johnson, William and Brown.

阅读短文，把A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整

There are many people helping to take care of others in every country. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or the old people's homes.

They read books to the old people. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}For boys who don't have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students take these boys to baseball games or take them to go on trips. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

There are a number of clubs in some cities. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, the beaches, the museums or other places of interest. Most of these clubs have a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they're young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.

{#blank#}5{#/blank#}And they always do volunteer work happily.

A. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help bring happiness to others.

B. They also tell jokes to them and listen to their problems.

C. They paint, clean up or repair the sick people's houses or do some shopping for them.

D. People can play games or learn crafts (手工)in these clubs.

E. They help these boys get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.

根据短文内容完成下列各题。

When George was thirty-five, he bought a small plane and learned to fly it. He soon became very good at it and made his plane do ①all kinds of tricks.

George had a friend. His name was Mark. One day George wanted to take Mark up in his plane. Mark thought, "I've traveled in a big plane several times, but I've never been in a small one. So I'll do."

They went up, and George flew around for half an hour and did all kind sof tricks in the air.

When they came down again, Mark was very glad to be back ②safely, and he said to his friend in a shaking (颤抖的)voice ,"Well ,George, thank you very much for those two trips in your plane."

George was very surprised and said, "Two trips?"

"Yes, my first and my last," answered Mark.

请阅读下面这篇关于新冠肺炎的文章，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。

Better hygiene (卫生) habits can help you stay healthy

According to the World Health Organization, 60 percent of people's health problems are related(与…相关) to everyday hygiene habits. As the COVID-19 spreads across the world, governments and organizations in many countries have suggested that people should pay more attention to their daily hygiene practices.

In China, for example, people usually share dishes together at the dining table. But this habit has a high risk of spreading diseases through saliva(唾液). To fight against COVID-19, many cities in China, including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, have called on people to order separate(分开的)meals or use serving chopsticks(公筷) to take their food. Many people also suggest that Chinese should continue these habits after the outbreak.

In the US, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has asked people to develop healthy hygiene habits. For example, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when they cough or sneeze.

According to a survey by YouGov, a British market research company, many Americans have taken action to change their daily habits in the face of COVID-19.

阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。

From the Other Side

Lara and Tara are twins. They look like each other, but they are very different in everything else. For example, hot food is Lara's favorite, and Tara has a sweet choice.

However, this isn't the problem with the twin girls. They always argues that the opposite one was wrong. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}, while Tara thought mornings were fresh and it was difficult to stay up till midnight.

{#blank#}2{#/blank#} To put an end to their fights, their parents decided to create a small drama. They wanted the girls to understand that they were both correct from their own point of view. Their parents covered the girl's eyes with black ribbons (带、条), and brought them to the dining room. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Lara was asked to stand on one side of the board and Tara on the other. They couldn't see the other side of it. When the ribbons were taken away, they were surprised to see a huge board between them.

Now, their father asked Lara, "What's the color of the board?" She replied, "It's black!" {#blank#}4{#/blank#} She replied, "It's white!" The two girls began to argue again. While Lara was confident it was black, Tara was sure it was white. Then, they were asked to exchange (交换) their places. They couldn't believe their eyes. Tara, who insisted (坚持) it was a white board, saw a black one. Similarly, Lara, who argued the board was black, was surprised to see a white one. They understood that each of them was right in her own view. Most of us are like Lara and Tara. We are right most times, but insist that others are wrong!

A. They have different ideas.

B. For years, their arguments continued.

C. Their mother asked Tara the same question.

D. In the room, a big board was placed in the middle.

E. Lara thought it was terrible to get up early in the morning.

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