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题型:阅读表达 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

广东省东莞市石碣镇2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语第一次质量检测试卷

请阅读下面这篇关于新冠肺炎的文章,根据所提供的信息,回答问题。

Better hygiene (卫生) habits can help you stay healthy

According to the World Health Organization, 60 percent of people's health problems are related(与…相关) to everyday hygiene habits. As the COVID-19 spreads across the world, governments and organizations in many countries have suggested that people should pay more attention to their daily hygiene practices.

In China, for example, people usually share dishes together at the dining table. But this habit has a high risk of spreading diseases through saliva(唾液). To fight against COVID-19, many cities in China, including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, have called on people to order separate(分开的)meals or use serving chopsticks(公筷) to take their food. Many people also suggest that Chinese should continue these habits after the outbreak.

In the US, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has asked people to develop healthy hygiene habits. For example, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when they cough or sneeze.

    According to a survey by YouGov, a British market research company, many Americans have taken action to change their daily habits in the face of COVID-19.

(1)、What have the government and organizations suggested people to do?
(2)、Why shouldn't people share dishes togetherduring COVID-19?
(3)、Which cities in China have called on people to order separate meals?
(4)、When should people cover their mouth andnose with a tissue?
(5)、How many ways do Americans use to preventCOVID-19?
举一反三
阅读下面信息,用恰当的词完成下面的短文,每空一词。

    Square dancing has been popular for quite a few years.  Its lovers believe it is good for elderly people's health But in recent years, it has many haters as well. They think too loud music or dancing too late into night influences people's life. Should square dancing be supported or limited? Here are opinions from two groups of people.

For

    Square dancing is a helpful way for elderly people to stay fit.

    Square dancing has become an important socializing opportunity(社交机会) for those parents whose grown children have left to start their own families.

    If governments provide large places where people can dance a bit far from living blocks, most of the complaints will go away.

Against

    Square dancing in public may not be acceptable to all elderly people. Some of them hate the noise caused by such kind of dancing.

    Square dancing is something that elderly people themselves invented. They just want to be left by themselves to do what they like.

    There are some other healthier ways to exercise for people from different age groups and with different health .situations. Square dancing is not a good idea for everyone.

    Square dancing has been a hot topic in daily life. People have been discussing {#blank#}1{#/blank#} it should be supported or limited. Lovers believe it can help elderly people stay healthy. Those parents who live {#blank#}2{#/blank#} can communicate with others while dancing. If people are {#blank#}3{#/blank#} with large places by governments and they can dance a bit far away from living blocks, few neighbours will complain. Haters say the noise caused by square dancing is the main {#blank#}4{#/blank#} why they are against it. They think square dancers just do what they like to do without {#blank#}5{#/blank#} others' feelings. And square dancing.is not the only good way for all people to exercise.

任务型阅读。根据短文内容,回答下列问题。

    The first people who drank tea were the Chinese. The bush grew wild all over the south of China. Chinese people liked the taste, and found that the drink could refresh (使恢复精力)them. The new drink reached England in 1657. It was sold at one of the coffee houses. Only the very rich people could afford (买得起) to drink.

    Now, people drink tea all around the world. But tea does not mean the same thing to everyone. In different countries people have very different ideas about drinking tea. In China people always have tea together with their friends. They may drink tea at any time of the day. They only put tea leaves in their cups. They prefer the tea with nothing else in it. In the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after meals. They usually use tea bags to make their tea. Making tea with bags is faster and easier than making it with tea leaves in teapots.

    Today, when we think of Western tea culture, we often think of the English, afternoon tea and beautiful china tea cups. It's believed that an English lady, Anna, first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. She invited some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o'clock. This meal included cakes, sandwiches and tea. In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates, and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used. Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions (社交活动). Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life in modern Britain.

任务型阅读

    Traveling has always been a good way to relax. But this is not true for Xiao Lin(not her real name).

    In November, Xiao Lin took a trip to Lijiang, a tourist city in Yunnan province, and had dinner at a restaurant. She had a fight with a group of local people because they made a joke with her while she was eating. Later, they beat her heavily and her face was injured(受伤)badly, reported CCTV.

    This made the public very _________(anger). In fact, she is not the first person to be injured at famous scenic spots(景区) in China. Last month, the National Tourism Administration(国家旅游局) gave serious warnings to three national 5A scenic spots. It also asked them to change and improve in six months.

    The three spots are the Old Town of Lijiang, Jingpo Lake in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, and Laohutan ocean Park in Dalian, Liaoning. According to People's Daily, the three spots received the most complains(投诉) from visitors during this Spring Festival.

    “We're sorry for our bad work,” the Old Town of Lijiang government wrote on its Sina Weibo account. “We are open to tourists' suggestions, and will make things right.”

    If the three spots don't correct themselves in six months, the National Tourism Administration will remove(去除) them from the 5 A scenic spot list,  reported Guangming Daily. 

    “I'm glad to hear that the spots will improve themselves,” said a Sina Weibo user, who once went to Lijiang but had a bad experience there. “I hope they will change into better ones.”

信息归纳。请阅读下面这篇文章,根据所提供的信息,完成信息卡。

    Mr Smith was ill and he went to see a doctor. The doctor asked him to put out his tongue(舌头), and then he said," OK, You can put your tongue back now. There's nothing wrong with you, but I'm afraid you have a problem. You hardly ever take exercise."

   "But, doctor," Mr Smith said," I don't think so."

   "Don't tell me what you think," the doctor said," I know what you need. I see a lot of people like you. None of them goes any exercise. They sit in offices all day and in front of the television in the evening. You must walk quickly for at least(至少)20 minutes a day."

   "I don't want to hear any excuse," the doctor said." You must find time for exercise. If you don't, you will get fat and have health problems."

   "But I walk every day," Mr Smith said.

   "Oh, yes, and I know what kind of walking that is. You walk a few meters to the bus stop from your house, a few more meters from the bus stop to your office, and a few more meters from your office to your dining—room for lunch and back. That's not a real walk. I'm talking about a walk in the park or by the lake for twenty minutes every day."

   "Would you please listen to me, doctor? Mr Smith said, getting a little angry with his doctor.

   "I'm a postman," Mr Smith went on," and I walk for nearly(几乎)seven hours every day."

    For a moment the doctor was silent(沉默的), then he said quietly," Put out your tongue again, will you?

Information Card

The way

The doctor looked over (检查) Mr. Smith's tongue {#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

The activities

The doctor believed Mr. Smith had a problem and told him to {#blank#}2{#/blank#}.

The feeling

Mr. Smith was {#blank#}3{#/blank#} with his doctor after hearing his words.

The job

Mr. Smith is a {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.

The period

Mr. Smith walks for nearly {#blank#}5{#/blank#}every day.

 阅读理解

When Helen Keller was nineteen months old, a brief illness made her both deaf and blind. With such limitations, how could Keller ever be expected to find happiness?

Because happiness has been considered a personal concept, it is difficult to define(定义). Many people throughout history have tried. Greek scientist and philosopher Aristotle wrote, "Happiness depends upon ourselves," which is not a definition but an observation that individuals are responsible for their own happiness. Roman statesman and philosopher Lucius Seneca wrote of a particular quality of happiness, saying, "True happiness is to enjoy the present, without anxious dependence upon the future."

Is there a scientific basis(基础)for happiness? Researcher suggests happiness is a matter of perspective: "Truly happy individuals construe life events and daily situations in ways that seem to maintain their happiness, while unhappy individuals construe(理解)experiences in ways that seem to reinforce unhappiness". Basically, this means the way you choose to remember events and situations affects your happiness.

Some research concludes happiness is made up of three parts: pleasure, engagement and meaning. Pleasure involves things that give physical and emotional joy, such as playing a sport or seeing beautiful art. Engagement involves positive interactions(互动)with other people, such as studying or working with people whose company you enjoy. Meaning relates to feeling that your work is useful and important to others.

Even with scientific rationalization(合理化), questions remain. For example, are younger people happier than older people? In fact, the opposite seems to be true. This may be because younger people tend to experience higher levels of negative emotions, such as anxiety and anger. The young also have less control over their lives because they lack both independence and the ability to make many of their own decisions.

Perhaps the most important question is whether you can change how happy you are. Studies of identical twins suggest that genetics forms about half of your happiness level. Your quality of life influences about 10 percent of your happiness. That means about 40 percent of your happiness is determined by your choices and actions.

From this explanation we can see that one way you can make yourself happier is to set goals. Keller had a definition of happiness in keeping with this idea. She felt happiness did not come from simply trying to satisfy your own desires but rather by contributing your time and skills to improve the world in some way.

Even if you are unable to achieve a goal that makes the world better in some small way, simply trying will likely give your life meaning and, at the same time, happiness.

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