任务型阅读 What&#039;s in a Name? Many American names come from England. But where did most English names come from?...

题型：任务型阅读题类：常考题难易度：普通

安徽省淮南市2018届九年级上学期英语期末教学质量检测试

任务型阅读
    What's in a Name?
    Many American names come from England. But where did most English names come from? Centuries ago, most people in England had only one name--their first name. In the 11th century, five or six of the 50 people in a village might be named William, and it was easy to get confused(困惑). But in the Middle Ages, people found a way to describe each person exactly. If there were four Williams in one village, one might be referred to as William the son of John. A second might be called William from the hill. A third, William the blacksmith(铁匠). And a fourth, William the brown haired. In conversation, people might refer to the four Williams as William John's son, William hill, William smith, and William brown.
    It was 300 or 400 years before the extra(附加的) names gradually developed into last names, or surnames. They were passed on from generation to generation. By the 1300s, Robert, the son of William smith, had the name Robert smith, even if he was not a blacksmith like his father. As the last name became widely accepted, the first letter was capitalized, as in Robert Smith. By the 15th century, most people of the upper and middle classes had surnames.
    Many surnames were based on father-son relations. The “son of” part was added to the father's first name, like Johnson, meaning John's son. Sometimes it was shortened to just “s”, as in Jones or Evans. Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived. They are the most common type of surname. A third kind of surname was based on a person's job. Forester was someone who looked after the forest. In the Middle Ages, occupation names such as Baker, Carpenter, and Miller became common. The fourth kind of surname was nickname(绰号). A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce as a bear.
    Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so common? The most common surname in the English language is Smith. Being able to make metals(金属) into tools was an important skill in the Middle Ages, so many people were trained as blacksmiths. The most common American surnames are Smith, Johnson, William and Brown.

（1）、When did people find a way to describe each person exactly?（不超过4个词）

（2）、How long did it take for extra names to develop into last names?（不超过5个词）

（3）、Why were many people trained blacksmith in the Middle Ages?（不超过15个词）

举一反三

Lin Tao has a lot of problems now. Could you help him? Please choose the best advice for him.

{#blank#}1{#/blank#} My mother is a doctor. She is too busy with her work to stay with me.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#} I don't know what to wear for a party.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} I am not allowed to hang out with friends at all. My parents want me to study all the time at home.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} I'm shy and I often don't know what to say or do.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} I get pimples when I'm nervous.

A.You should drink lots of water and ask your doctor for advice.
B.Tell your mother you need her sometimes. Also you should do some housework with your mother so she can finish her work quickly.
C.If I were you. I'd wear a nice dress.
D.If I were you, I'd talk to someone who looks friendly.
E.Let your parents know your friends are nice. You learn a lot from them as well as having fun with them. You study with them outside, too.

阅读短文内容, 完成下面的任务。

At the age of 15, most girls are just learning about fashion(时尚). But Madison Robinson is making (A)________(越来越多的) money because of the design(设计) for flip-flops(人字拖鞋) for kids. The shoes sell for about $25 a pair, and they have made at least $1.2 million.

Madison, from Texas, the USA, (B) came up with the idea at the age of eight. With the help of her father Dan, she could turn her drawings into real shoes.

Her business(生意) helped her a lot, such as public speaking(演说). And now Madison has a lot of money to pay for her college(大学).

“(C) ,” she says. “It's for college.” Madison wants to study business in college. “(D)我想自己做某些事情, ” she says.

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题.

Jim is an English boy. He is 13. He is in No. 3 Middle School. He is in Class 4, Grade 7. Jim likes playing basketball. His friend, Kate, is an American girl. She is 13, too. Kate and Jim are in the same grade, but in different classes. Jim's favorite subject is math, and Mr. Zhu is his math teacher. Kate's favorite subject is Chinese, because her Chinese teacher Miss Liao is beautiful and kind to her. They both like China and the Chinese food.

阅读上面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题。

配对阅读。左栏是五种常见的破坏环境和浪费资源的行为，右栏是七种建议，请为左栏的五种行为选择适合它们的建议。

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}⑴Now paper waste is a big problem in schools. Many students throw away paper before they make full use of it.

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}⑵Most people choose to spend their weekends on the beach. But they often leave the rubbish on the beach.

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}⑶Each year there are an increasing number of cars on the road. As a result, the air pollution caused by cars is becoming more and more serious.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}⑷The problem of wasting electricity is common. People leave lights, the TV and other electrical products on even when they don't use them.

{#blank#}5{#/blank#}⑸Most people waste water badly. They usually have a long-time shower and leave the water running when they wash things.

A. To stop the world from being polluted by cars, we have to make some changes. For example, we can go out by bus or by underground.

B. You can call on some students to clean the parks in your city. It's also a good idea to put up some "No Littering" signs in the parks.

C. Always keep in mind that electricity should be cut off before you leave. You'll not only save money but also save energy by doing so.

D. Here are two pieces of advice on how to save water in our daily life. Don't leave the tap(水龙头) on when washing or brushing. Take a short shower instead of a long one.

E. The rubbish on the beach can be swept into the sea. And all kinds of rubbish will put animals in the sea in danger. Always collect rubbish on the beach and never throw rubbish into the sea.

F. Saving paper is a good way to save trees and protect the earth. Students should use both sides of paper. They should also form the habit of sorting(整理) the rubbish so that the waste paper can be recycled.

G. Saving forests also helps a lot. Forests are useful. Please stop cutting them down and plant more trees and plants every year. Make our world a green one to live in.

任务型阅读

I grew up in a small town in Ohio USA. There was a man, in my town named Bob. He couldn't talk clearly and didn't receive much education. So children in the town all thought he was silly and often played jokes on him.

One day, when 1 met Bob, I decided to play a joke on him just like the other children. He asked how it was going. I told him that my father lost his job, and that, we didn't have enough money to live. Seeing my friends laughing far from us, I decided to continue to play the joke. I knew he was poor, so it seemed funny when he asked me if we needed anything. I told him that we didn't know-if we would have enough to eat.

The next morning, I went out and found a box of food outside my house. I knew it was from Bob. I looked at the small box in shame(羞愧), and wanted to return the box. My father stopped me. He said it would hurt Bob's feeling.

From that day on, when we had dinner, I would think of the small box. Bob gave me the best he had and I knew that I should not have been given that gift.

阅读下文并回答问题。

There are many beaches in Hong Kong. Some of the beaches are the best in the world. There are some toilets (厕所) , changing rooms (更衣室) and stores to buy food or drinks on most of the beaches. People like going to the beaches and have fun swimming. You can swim there without (没有) danger if you follow these rules：

◆Never swim alone (独自).

◆Don't stay in the water for a long time.

◆Never swim after a meal or when you feel hungry or tired.

Remember：A red flag (旗帜) means it is dangerous for anybody to go into the water. A blue flag means that it is dangerous for children.

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