阅读理解 What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin (青霉素). It kills germs. By killing germs, it...

题型：阅读选择题类：真题难易度：普通

山东省临沂市2018年中考英语试卷

阅读理解

What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin (青霉素). It kills germs. By killing germs, it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a “staph” infection (葡萄球菌感染). She gives you some medicine. You take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are well. Before penicillin, this would not happen. Staph was almost sure death.

Everyone wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph in small dishes. Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.

The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Molds (霉菌) were a big worry. They are always in the air. You can't see them. They're too small. There are thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment (实验) fail. That's why dishes are covered.

Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day he took a cover off a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph germ. There was also some mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was, there was no growth of staph. This is what Fleming probably thought. “By accident, I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph.”

This is how penicillin was found. But here's the real miracle (奇迹). There are thousands of kinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a few days before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds (秒). In those few seconds the right mold fell into the right dish. Another man might have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was very careful and smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were!

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案

（1）、During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections, ________.

A、the dishes were not covered B、staph and mold were put together C、mold was kept in small dishes D、staph was grown in small dishes

（2）、The word “ dreaded” means “_______”.

A、famous B、scary C、health D、endangered

（3）、The last paragraph suggests that _______.

A、accidents happen to everyone B、the careful person does not have accidents C、the careless person will miss valuable chances D、luck is enough when doing scientific experiments

（4）、Most of this passage is written by ______.

A、telling an unusual story B、showing the results of experiments C、offering some reasons D、giving some advice

（5）、This passage is mainly about ______.

A、medicine for a staph infection B、useful accidents C、Dr. Fleming's research D、discovering penicillin

举一反三

As a music teacher for twenty-seven years I have always known that music touches the soul. It can break through all kinds of barriers to reach students in a very special way. It can be the means for each child to find their light.
A few years ago I was blessed with the opportunity to teach pre-school students one afternoon a week. One of my most memorable students was Vanessa. She was five years old, had difficulty walking and could not speak. We mostly sat on the floor for our music lessons and Vanessa liked to sit on my lap. One of her favorite songs was John the Rabbit. It was a call and response song where I sang the call and the students clapped two times while singing the repeating phrase “Oh yes!” Vanessa liked to put her hands together with mine and clap with me. We performed that song during every class Vanessa and I clapped together. She never said or sang a word.
One day late in the school year when the song was finished Vanessa turned around, looked at me in the eye, clapped her tiny hands two times and said the words “Oh yes!” I opened my mouth and could not speak. Through music we had made a connection.
Several years later I came across Vanessa on the street in town. I stopped my car and waved to say hello. She waved back with a big smile on her face and then clapped her hands two times mimicking the song we had performed in our music class. This precious little girl through her connection with music left an impression on me that will last forever.
Every child has the ability to learn and grow. It is up to us educators to discover the way to reach each and every one of our students. We all must find each child's light.

根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

When I was about 12, I had an enemy(敌人), a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点). Sometimes she said I was thin. Sometimes she said I was lazy. Sometimes she said I wasn't a good student. Sometimes she said I talked too much, and so on. I tried to put up with(忍受) her as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.

He listened to me quietly, and then he asked, “Are the things she said true or not? Mary, didn't you ever wonder what you're really like? Go and write a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”

I did as he told me and to my surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true.

I brought the list back to my dad. He refused to take it. “That's just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. When something said about you is true, you'll find it will be helpful to you. Don't close your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you think is right.”

Many years have passed. The situation often appears in my mind. In our life we often meet with some trouble and we often go to someone and ask for advice. For some advice you will treasure(珍惜) all your life!

阅读短文，根据短文内容，判断正误

Long ago, a young man often said that he was very poor and had nothing. One day, an old man walked past. He heard the young man's words and said, "Hello, young man! What are you talking about? You have nothing? That's not true! You have the most expensive things in the world, so you are a rich person." The young man was very surprised and asked, "Why do you say that? You can see I have nothing. What are these expensive things?" Then the old man said, "If you sell your eyes to a rich blind(盲的) man, you'll make a lot of money and can get everything you want. Would you like to sell them?" The young man didn't want to be blind, so he said, "No." The old man asked again, "Then what about selling your hands for some gold(金子)?" The your and shook his head for the second time. At last, the old man said, "Now you understand, you have the most expensive things in the world." So the old man taught both the young man and us a lesson—health is the most important for us.

根据短文内容，判断正误。

Love is the most (最) important thing in the world (世界). We need love in. our life and the world also needs love to get better.

When I was a little girl, I thought that my father didn't love me. He let me do everything by myself. I was afraid of darkness (黑暗)，but he let me walk home alone. When I did well in my study, he only said," Be better. "I couldn't understand (明白) him. Where was his love?

But one day, I understood his love. It was a rainy day. School was over. At first I was not happy because I didn't have an umbrella.

But then I saw that my father with a big umbrella walking in the rain. He kept me away from the rain with the umbrella and we ran home together. He was all wet. On that day, I knew my father loved me very much. I understand what love is.

阅读理解

Jack is my best friend. He is in a new school. He likes it very much. It's not far from his home. And it usually takes him 10 minutes to get to school by bike. School begins at 8: 00 every morning. But these days Jack is often late for school. This morning, he is late again. The teacher is very angry.

"How do you usually come to school?" asks the teacher. "By bike." Jack answers. "What time do you usually get up?" "At 6: 30." "Well, it's not late. What time do you usually leave home?" "I leave home at 7: 55." "Why not leave home earlier?" "My mother is ill (生病的). She stays in bed all day. I must look after her and give her medicine at the right time， so I'm often late for school," says Jack with tears (泪水) in his eyes. "I see, Jack, you are a good boy!" says the teacher.

阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。

My name is Frank Green.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}My last name is Green. I'm an English boy. My parents work in China. So we are in Beijing now. My parents are English teachers. I have a twin sister but I don't have a brother. My sister and I are in the same school in Beijing.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}We have a nice house. My room is big. But it's not tidy. My books and clothes are everywhere—on the bed, on the sofa and under the chair. I can't find my watch now. The yellow one is my sister's.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Oh, it's under the dictionary. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} I always ask my sister and my parents.

A. But we are not in the same class.

B. "Where are my things?"

C. My first name is Frank.

D. They are under the bed.

E. Mine is black.

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