题型:任务型阅读 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难
江苏省启东中学2018届高三英语最后一次模拟考试试卷
“Urgent action required”, “Do you still want to hear from us?”, “We've updated our privacy policy”, “Should we stop sending you updates? If not, act now!”
Many of us will have received emails like this during the past few weeks. Triggering this flood of emails is something called GDPR that comes into effect in just under two weeks' time. Often the emails warn that if you don't respond, you will be removed from the company's database, which raises a lot of questions. What action, if any, do you need to take? Could it affect you financially?
GDPR, which stands for General Data Protection Regulation, has been described as the biggest overhaul(彻底检查)of online privacy since the birth of the internet. It is designed to give all EU citizens the right to know what data is stored on them and to have it deleted, plus protect them from privacy breaches(破坏). It comes into effect on 25 May.
The new rules encourage the requirement for explicit and informed consent before data is processed. As a result, companies and organizations around the world are contacting users to check they are happy to carry on receiving their emails.
However, many of us seem to be going down with “GDPR fatigue(厌倦)”: one article last week claimed that the “reconfirmation rate” - the proportion of people saying they want to continue receiving a company's emails - at UK micro-businesses was averaging just 10%, which meant “they could lose 90% of their subscribers - the life-blood for their business”. So it's no wonder some firms have adopted policies such as offering to enter people into a prize draw in return for them going in and updating their communication preferences.
The average adult is said to have about 100 “data relationships” — companies and organizations that hold our personal data. Meanwhile, the reason why the company that occasionally emails you newsletters is now asking for your consent is perhaps because you never explicitly gave it permission to send you stuff. Maybe you only get its emails because you went to an event it organized ages ago or you once downloaded something from its website. Under the new regime, that almost certainly wouldn't count as explicit and informed consent, hence it's getting in touch now.
The bottom line is that if it is a company or organization that you want to continue hearing from, you should probably click the button or log in to ensure you keep getting its emails. If it doesn't hear from you, it may decide to take you off its database.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The influences of junk mails | ◆ They flood into our lives. ◆ They to remove us from certain databases. ◆ They cause receivers to be about the possible risks. |
Theof GDPR | ◆ It will guarantee all EU citizens the to accept or refuse. ◆ It will require privacy from companies. |
The from most receivers and the policies adopted by some firms | ◆ Most receivers are to continue receiving such emails. ◆ Some firms hold activities so that people may win a if they go in. ◆ Some firms offer to update people's communication preferences. |
The reason and bottom line for companies sending such emails | ◆ Companies hope to obtain explicit from their users. ◆ The information you left doesn't mean you allow them to send you stuff. ◆ Without your reply, companies may take you off their databases. |
Kinds of friendships
There are many different kinds of friendships to distinguish. If people are honest with one another and clearly define(界定) which kind of friendship they have, they can avoid a lot of misunderstanding. And if people can learn to move on from a relationship that is over, they will be better off.
Then, what are the different kinds of friendship? Well, the first kind is the social friend. This is the kind of friend that people have most of. This kind of friend isn't someone who you hang out with all the time or live with, but you know them and associate with(与……交往) them at a bar, store or some other public places. They're nice to talk to when you see them and are usually good for a laugh. However, they are not good to talk about a problem with.
The second kind is the counselor(顾问). This is a friend you go to when you need advice or just someone to listen. You value their wisdom or at least the fact that they are good at listening to you. You can tell this kind of friend almost anything without fearing gossip(闲言碎语). They are the kind of friend you can trust but you just don't hang out together, unless you want to talk about something important.
The third kind is the fun boy/girl. This kind of friend can usually be counted on to go somewhere with you at a moment's notice. They like hanging out with you whether you're going to a store or a bar or wherever. They're good tension relievers because you know you're just going to have a good time. This kind of friend isn't someone you go to for advice; in fact you shouldn't affect your relationship by getting serious about something. They're trustworthy and you know they aren't going to gossip about what you do together. Don't expect anything else from this kind of friend; just have a good time.
The fourth kind of is the work friend. This is the friend you have at work. You interact(交流) at work only. This may include having a break together, maybe even shopping with them or running an errand(差使) during lunch or after work. They're usually not good to get advice from but on some occasions things might be discussed and you might give each other advice. Mostly you talk about the job.
The last kind is the lifetime friend. This friendship is very rare and usually is found in marriage relationships. This kind of friend is all the above rolled into one.
Kinds of friendships | ||
Introduction | ※You will not{#blank#}1{#/blank#}your friends if you clearly define your friendship. ※It is good for you if you can recover from a(n){#blank#}2{#/blank#}relationship soon. | |
Different kinds of friendships | The social friend | ※You associate with this kind of friend in some {#blank#}3{#/blank#}places. ※You can have a good time in talking with such friends, but you'd better not {#blank#}4{#/blank#}problems with them. |
The counselor | ※This kind of friend is someone you seldom hang out with but you can always{#blank#}5{#/blank#}them about your problems. ※They are good{#blank#}6{#/blank#}and can keep a secret. | |
The fun boy/girl | ※This kind of friend can make you {#blank#}7{#/blank#}by going somewhere with you. ※Though they are{#blank#}8{#/blank#}, you'd better associate with them just for fun. | |
The work friend | ※This kind of friend is for you to interact with just at work. ※The main{#blank#}9{#/blank#}of your talk is the job. | |
The lifetime friend | ※This kind of friend {#blank#}10{#/blank#}the main qualities of those friends mentioned above. |
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