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题型:阅读选择 题类:真题 难易度:普通

浙江省金华市2018年中考英语试卷

阅读下列材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    Teenagers are known for being creative and full of new ideas. Let's have a look at these teenage inventions that might change the world.

    Banana leaves usually go bad in two or three days. Tenith Adithyaa, a teenager from India, used UV to make the leaves stay fresh for a year. Tenith thinks that one day the leaves will be used for making plates, cups and other things.

    David Cohen, an American teenager, built an earthworm(蚯蚓) robot. It is able to go into the smallest places, where humans or dogs can't go. It will be used for finding people in a fire or an earthquake.

 

    Remya Jose, a 14-year-old from India, found it tiring and boring to handwash clothes in the nearby river. She reused some bicycle parts and created a washing machine that saves time, energy and keeps people fit at the same time.

    Kenneth Shinozuku, a 15-year-old from New York, noticed that his grandfather who got Alzheimer's disease(老年痴呆) would often leave home and get lost. So he invented the wearable sensors(感应器)to help people find their family members like his grandfather.

(1)、What is the passage mainly about?
A、Popular ads B、Useful machines C、Strange pictures. D、Teenage inventions
(2)、The earthworm robot by David Cohen can ______.
A、make things stay fresh B、help people wash clothes C、go into the smallest places D、take care of the old people
(3)、Which of the following is TRUE
A、Plates and cups are made of fresh banana leaves. B、Remya's washing machine can also keep people fit. C、David Cohen is a middle school student from India. D、Kenneth's wearable sensors will keep old people at home.
举一反三
   When you're not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door?Are the kids doing their homework or watching television? With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries.

    A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices(装置), such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.

    More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants.

    Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools,using only the guiding information. When a problem appears,you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional.

    However, for home-users,the smart home technology is far from perfect.It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. Also, because the smart home system(系统) allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers(黑客), who may secretly use or change the information in the system.

Now,many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure—smart home technology will change the way we live and work.

    Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical(批判性的) thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes(过程). Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
    The word “critical”here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen--beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.
    Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are interested in life and want to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
    Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning(推理)are processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today's world: fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure(尺度)of intelligence(智慧), you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein. Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately made Hoffman feel comfortable by saying, “Please go slowly. I don't understand things quickly.”

   More than 50,000,000 people live in the rainforests of the world and most of them do not hurt the forest they live in. They eat the fruits that grow on the forest trees, but they do not cut them down. They kill some animals to eat, but they do not destroy them.
When we cut down the rainforests, we destroy these forest people, too. In 1900, there were 1,000,000 forest people in the Amazon forest. In 1980, there were only 200,000.
   The Yanomami live along the rivers of the rainforest in the north of Brazil. They have lived in the rainforest for about 10,000 years and they use more than 2,000 different plants for food and for medicine. But in 1988, someone found gold in their forest, and suddenly 45,000 people came to the forest and began looking for gold. They cut down the forest to make roads. They made more than a hundred airports. The Yanomami people lost land and food. Many died because new diseases came to the forest with the strangers.
   The Yanomami people tried to save their forest, because it was their home. But the people who wanted gold were stronger.
Many forest people try to save their forests. Chico Mendes was famous in Brazil because he wanted to keep the forest for his people. “I want the Amazon forest to help all of us-forest people Brazil, and all the Earth,” he said. A few months later, in December 1988, people who wanted to cut down the forest killed Chico Mendes.
   In Borneo, people were cutting down the forest of the Penan people to sell the wood. The Penan people tried to save their rainforest. They made blockades across the roads into the forest. In 1987, they closed fifteen roads for eight months. No one cut down any trees during that time.
   In Panama, the Kuna people saved their forest. They made a forest park which tourists pay to visit.
  The Gavioes people of Brazil use the forest, but they protect it as well. They find and sell the Brazil nuts(坚果) which grow on the forest trees.

阅读理解

    Is there intelligent(有智力的)life on other planets? For years, scientists said "no." or "we don't know." But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers(天文学家). They believe intelligent life exists(存在)somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon contact them.

    Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. "This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life, "say Shostak and Barnett. The second reason is size the universe is huge. "Tools like the Hubble Telescope(哈勃望远镜)have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies, "says Shostak. "And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to the earth. "

    In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes(高倍望远镜)allow scientists to discover smaller planets-the size of Mars or the earth-in other solar systems, these planets might have intelligent life.

    Have beings from space already visited the earth? "Probably not, "says Shostak. "It's a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way, such as radio signals(信号). In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don't have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other. "

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.

Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stress

    Everybody gets stressed from time to time.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Some ways of dealing with stress like screaming or hitting someone--don't solve (解决)much. But other ways like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.

    Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:

    ⑴Get support.   When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.

    ⑵Don't take it out on yourself.   Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    ⑶Try to solve the problem.   After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.

    ⑷Be positive.   Most stress is temporary (暂时的). Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. These steps aren't magic, but they do work~ And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.

B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.

C. Different people feel stressed in different ways.

D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.

E. You need to figure out what the problem is.

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