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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山东省菏泽市2017-2018学年高一下学期英语期中考试试卷

任务型阅读

    Scientists say eating less can slow the aging process of cells in the body. The researchers studied mice, not people.

    One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The other animals in the other group are limited to eat. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.

    The mice with the diet restrictions(限制) were more energetic and suffered fewer diseases. They were not just living longer, they seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time. When you restrict calories (in mice), there is a direct increase in lifespan - the average age of the animal

    But how? The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes (核糖体). Ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down.This, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.

    Earlier studies have suggested a link between calorie restrictions and slowed agingCalorie restriction as a way to slow aging has not been tested in humans. But the main finding for people is the importance of taking care of our bodies And this may help us make better decisions about what we eat.

A. The less we eat, the healthier we are.

B. Researchers studied two groups of mice.

C. This finding is good news if you are a mouse.

D. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.

E. The findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age.

F. However, this is first to show how the ribosomes can influence aging.

G. Calorie restriction caused real biochemical changes that slowed down the rate of aging.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Life is just like a box. Inside it are happiness and sorrow, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in it teach us new lessons and make us a better person.

    Love

    Love plays a key role in our life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could become cruel and violent. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with unconditional love and care. They tell us what is right or wrong, good or bad. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}.It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to the feelings of others. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better.

    Happiness and Sorrow

    Materialistic happiness is short­lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others gives a certain level of fulfillment.  {#blank#}2{#/blank#}.No mind is happy without peace. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow. Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are temporary and pass away.

    Failure and Success

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}.It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.

    Hope and Despair

    Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same. We have only one choice—keep moving on in life and be hopeful.

Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be right or dull. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.

A. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour

B. So the only alternative is work hard today

C. But we always tend to take this for granted

D. Success lies in trusting yourself

E. So let's enjoy every day

F. Failure is the path to success

G. Peace of mind is the main link to happiness

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How To Cultivate Your Confidence

    Self-confidence, the combination of self-efficacy and self-esteem, is an essential part of humanity. A person with self confidence generally is willing to take risks to achieve his personal goals, Someone who lacks self confidence, however, is less likely to feel that he can achieve his goals, {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Identify your negative thoughts,

    Your negative thoughts might sound like this: "I can't do that," "I will surely fail". This inner voice is pessimistic and unhelpful and will hold you back from achieving high self-esteem and greater self confidence.

    Turn your negative thoughts to positive thoughts.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}This may take the form of positive affirmations, such as "I am going to try it," "I can be successful if I work at it, "or "people will listen to me." Start with just a few positive thoughts a day.

    Refuse to allow negative thoughts to occur more often than positive thoughts.

Eventually, your positive thoughts should be given more "brain space" than your negative thoughts, {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Avoid spending time around things that can make you feel bad about yourself again. These might be reminders from the past, clothing that no longer fits, or places that don't fit with your new goals of gaining confidence. Though you may not be able to get rid of every negative source in your life, you can certainly think about how to cut your losses. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Get away from your past.

B. Rid reminders of your negativity.

C. This will go a long way in building up your self-confidence.

D. This means that you can have an abundance of self-confidence.

E. The more your positive thoughts get ,the less your negative thoughts get.

F. As you pay attention to your negative thoughts, turn them around to positive thoughts

G. The good news is that self-confidence is something that you can build on your own.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

A. In other words, left-handers are born that way.

B. Left-handedness used to be regarded as a disability.

C. The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied.

D. Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities?

E. Why do some parents force their left-handed children to become right-handed when writing?

F. In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude.

G. Fortunately, nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left-handedness like before.

Being Left-handed in a Right-handed World

    The world is designed for right-handed people, but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left? {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery. Since scientists have noticed that left-handedness tends to run in families, it's assumed that left-handedness has a genetic (基因的) component to it. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} In fact, identical twins, who share the same genes, can sometimes prefer to use different hands. There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with, but many experts believe that it's kind of random.

    Historically, the left side and left-handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} In some areas, the left hand became known as the "unclean" hand. In many religions, the right hand of God is the favored hand. For example, Jesus sits at God's right side. God's left hand, however, is the hand of judgement. Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if necessary. In some Asian countries, eating with the left hand is considered impolite.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} People come to realize that left-handedness is natural. People even noticed that many famous people are left-handed  including Benjamin Franklin, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Charlie Chaplin. Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better. The left-handedness is more easily adaptable to the right-handed world as well. Being left-handed is no longer a sad story now; instead, it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A. If you're afraid you'll embarrass yourself or you think that you're going to mess up, try it anyway.

B. Take care of your body.

C. Embracing a little self-doubt might actually help you perform better.

D. And the more envy they experienced, the worse they felt about themselves.

E. Take regular physical exercise.

F. Fortunately, there are things you can do to gain your self-confidence.

G. Having self-confidence can help you become successful in your personal and professional life.

    Self-confidence is defined as a feeling of trust in one's abilities, qualities, and judgment. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Whether you apply for a promotion in work or sign up for a cooking class, believing in yourself is the key to putting yourself out there. However, not all people are born confident. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Stop comparing yourself to others. Whether you compare how you look to your friends on Facebook or you compare your salary to your friend's income, comparisons aren't healthy. Researchers found that people who compared themselves to others, experienced envy. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} It can be a terrible cycle. When you notice you are drawing comparisons, remind yourself that doing so isn't helpful. Everyone is running their own race and life isn't a competition.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} It's hard to feel good about yourself if you're abusing your body. Skimping on sleep, eating an unhealthy diet, and lacking exercise will do harm to your well-being. Studies consistently show physical activity boosts confidence. A 2016 study published in Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment found that regular physical activity improved participants' body image. And when their body image improved, they felt more confident.

    Embrace (拥抱) self-doubt. Sometimes, people put off doing things—like inviting someone on a date or applying for a promotion—until they feel more confident. But sometimes, the best way to gain confidence is by doing. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} That doesn't mean you shouldn't prepare or practice, of course. If you have a big speech coming up, practice in front of your friends and family so you'll gain some confidence. But don't wait until you feel 100 percent confident before you proceed. You might never get there.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    Everyone is aware that taking good care of our bodies can prevent many medical problems from occurring later. However, we often have less awareness of preventative actions we should take to help with mental health problems. While our mental health may be fine right now, many of us will struggle at some point. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} It's impossible to get through life without challenges, but our mental health prevention habits can help us get through difficult times. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Keep active. The more active you physically, mentally and socially are, the higher the level of your mental wellness is likely to be. So go for walks and learn something new. There are many other ways to be active. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Be connected. Regular involvement in social activities with supportive friends and family improves your ability to handle disappointments, and everything else life throws at you. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} But you can be involved in any manner; even volunteering for an organization can help you be more social.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The nature of these activities varies widely from person to person. The key is to identify what gives your life meaning. Volunteering, coaching, teaching, etc. all can contribute to increasing your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life. Many activities can address more than one. The key is to make a plan and stick with it. If you are already struggling, begin to practice these ways to help your recovery.

A. Here are three practical steps.

B. However, good mental health is important.

C. Stresses, disappointments and disasters happen.

D. Overcome life's challenges before they happen.

E. Be committed to activities that give life meaning.

F. The key is to find what keeps you motivated and interested.

G. This can be difficult when you move to a new town or as you get older.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Parents of children and teens who play football may worry about their bodies getting injury. Younger football players have the lowest chance of injury. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Therefore, it's necessary for players to know the rules of playing football whether they are young or old. The following can be used to reduce the chance of injuries while players are still enjoying the game.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} The American Academy of Pediatrics advises players and their families talk about whether the risks of injury outweighs the benefits of playing football. Football has many benefits, including regular exercise, learning to be part of a team, and social growth and development. Families who decide to play can take steps to reduce the chances of serious injury.

    Play by the rules. When players know the rules of the game—what's legal and what's not—fewer injuries happen. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} For example, players should know that in football they can't come from behind, crash into a player's legs, and steal the ball. It's legal and safer to go after the ball rather than the player.

    Wear legal equipment. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Because illegal equipment leads to serious injuries of the head and neck. It's also the leading cause of severe injuries in football, but remember the protection of legal equipment doesn't depend on its quantity.

    Get good training. Players should learn the right way to use a tackle (装备). {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Correct training could lower injury for younger players. Older players could be at a greater risk of injury if they first learn to use tackle and never learn the correct skill.

A. Take steps to lower football injury.

B. Weigh the risks and benefits.

C. The more legal equipment players wear, the less injury they will get.

D. Legal equipment can give football players important protection.

E. Players should know what to expect from each other.

F. Doing this and practicing the skills often make sure players are correctly trained.

G. As players get older, stronger and faster, the chance of injury goes up.

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