题型：任务型阅读 题类：模拟题 难易度：困难
江苏省苏锡常镇四市2018届高三教学情况调研（一）英语试卷
Pleasure and Enjoyment
When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness consists in experiencing pleasure: good food, all the comforts that money can buy. We imagine the satisfaction of traveling to exciting places or being surrounded by expensive devices. If we cannot afford those goals, then we are happy to settle for a quiet evening in front of the television set with a drink close by.
Pleasure is a feeling of contentment that one achieves whenever expectations set by biological programs or by social conditioning have been met. The taste of food when we are hungry is pleasant because it reduces a physiological (生理的) imbalance. Resting in the evening while passively absorbing information from TV, with alcohol or drugs to dull the mind overexcited by the demands of work, is pleasantly relaxing. Traveling to Acapulco is pleasant because the exciting novelty (新奇) restores our sensations (感觉) exhausted by the repetitive routines of everyday life.
When people think further about what makes their lives rewarding, they tend to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap(重叠) with pleasurable ones but fall into a category that deserves a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events occur when a person has not only met some expectation or satisfied a need or a desire but also gone beyond what he or she has been programmed to do and achieved something unexpected, perhaps something even unimagined before.
Enjoyment is characterized by this forward movement: by a sense of novelty, of accomplishment. Playing a close game of tennis that stretches one's ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that reveals things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn't know we had. Closing a contested business deal, or any piece of work well done, is enjoyable. None of these experiences may be particularly pleasurable at the time they are taking place, but afterward we think back on them and say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, that our self has grown: in some respect, we have become more complex as a result of it.
Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two sensations are quite different. For instance, everybody takes pleasure in eating. To enjoy food, however, is more difficult. A gourmet (美食家) enjoys eating, as does anyone who pays enough attention to a meal so as to discriminate the various sensations provided by it. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any investment of psychic energy, whereas enjoyment happens only as a result of unusual investments of attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, but it is impossible to enjoy a tennis game, a book, or a conversation unless attention is fully concentrated on the activity.
Pleasure and Enjoyment
Main contents | Detailed information |
Pleasure | Pleasure is a feeling that one achieves what one has on a biological or social level. Things like good food, exciting travelling and a quiet rest can ring one pleasure because they can help restore one's physiological balance, reduce one's heavypressure and save one from boredom. |
Enjoyment | Enjoyment from the achievement of something unexpected or even unimagined before. Enjoyment a sense of novelty and accomplishment such as a close tennis game, a valuable book and a conversation productive of ideas. |
Pleasure is often related to the comforts that money can buy, while enjoyment, more linked to one's inner world, makes one feel rewarded and changed for the. While some experiences give both pleasure and enjoyment, some enjoyable ones are not pleasurable when taking place but bring wonderful feelings. Pleasure requires nowhile enjoyment can never be achieve without the investment of the full of attention. | |
Conclusion | Enjoyment is a level of pleasure and the two differ from each other in several aspects. |
Changes that will help you get more done than ever before
Win tomorrow today. All it takes is setting aside five minutes every evening before you end your work to establish the one goal you will accomplish tomorrow. Sometimes, the hardest part of getting things done is deciding which thing to work on first. If this decision making has to happen first thing in the morning, it can create a block to progress, which is no way to start your day. By giving yourself a head start the night before, you're allowing your most productive work hours-in the morning—to be used to the fullest by not having to wonder about on choose what you'll work on first.
Having a morning routine is one of the best things you've done for yourself. It not only helps you set your day up to be successful by gaining great power first in the morning, but it also allows you to guarantee that you are going to get a set number of things done right away. This way, no matter what your day brings, you should keep in mind that your health and nutrition are the most important. Your morning routine includes a workout, drinking water, meditation（冥想）, and ensuring you get the nutrients you need to perform at a high level all day.
One of the common mistakes people make is to focus entirely on whatever task is next on their list and promise not to move or pause until it's done. Tasks will expand to the time assigned. Instead, try to be inspired from successful people and setting up timed periods for both focused work and breaks. Establishing sections where you have a set amount of focus time followed by a set amount of refresh time prevents you from being distracted（注意力不集中的）and helps you make great progress on the tasks and projects you're working on.
Being extremely future-focused and ambitious is great, but if you're always moving from one task to another, you could be missing out on a big growth opportunity. In order to learn what's working and what's not working, you need to spend time reflecting. Set aside some time at least every 10 days to reflect on the good, the bad, and everything in between. When you can identify what's working, you'll know what to double down on. You'll also be able to identify the things that are holding you back from getting where you want to go, and to think out solutions for those struggles in order to remove them in the future.
If you really want to get more done, you have to stop focusing on what you can't do, and start focusing on everything that's going right. Being grateful will not only increase your happiness factor, it will also make you more productive. When you have a positive attitude and take time out to recognize everything you have to be grateful for, you're able to focus on the many things you have accomplished, you're more likely to make progress and get more done.
“ Changes that will help you get more done than ever before | |
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Make time for 10-day recaps (重述要点) | •You need to allow {#blank#}8{#/blank#} time to learn what's working and what's not working. •Set aside some time at least every 10 days to reflect on things whether they are good or bad. |
Be thankful | •{#blank#}9{#/blank#} what you can't do and focus on what you can do. •Being grateful will make you feel {#blank#}10{#/blank#} and increase your productivity. |
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