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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

安徽省安庆市2018届高三英语第二次模拟考试试卷

阅读理解

    Cakan is a successful businessman from Montenegro, who has earned himself nicknames(昵称)like “the best boss” and “Brother” by being surprisingly generous to his employees.

    Cakan, who owns "Cakan Sports", the largest sporting goods store chain in Montenegro, has been making news headlines for years, but not for his professional success. He is best known for the generosity he shows to his faithful and hard-working employees. The businessman firmly believes that his company can boom only if he keeps his employees happy, and to that end, he has offered the best of them some pretty unbelievable presents.

    Cakan first surprised his workers back in 2012, when he offered four of them brand new cars — 2 VW Golf 6 and 2 VW polo — complete with paid insurance. They were some of the oldest and most hard-working employees of Cakan Sports, and since the company had recently moved its operations outside the city, Cakan thought his best people shouldn't have to struggle to get to work. "When we saw them, we were speechless," Danijela, one of the receivers, remembers. "While the boss was saying 'his is a gift for you', all I could think of was 'this is not real, this can't be happening to us'.” But this was just one of the generous ways Cakan has rewarded his employees over the years. In 2014, after hearing that one of his workers had been saving up his paychecks so he could buy a ticket to the world Cup soccer final, in Brazil, he took him there himself, at his own expense.

    Asked why he doesn't use cheaper means of motivating his employees, like a small raise or a cash bonus, Cakan had this to say, "Money comes and goes, but memories are forever." Asked why many of his employees call him "Brother", Cakan told a reporter that it was because "brothers always help each other".

(1)、What is Cakan best noted for?
A、His frequent headline news for years. B、His great success in his business. C、His extreme generosity to his employees. D、His largest sporting goods store chain.
(2)、Why did Cakan offer his four best workers new cars?
A、To make them travel to work easily. B、To reward their creative ideas in work. C、To encourage them to get to work earlier. D、To help them reduce traffic expenses.
(3)、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A、A Smart Businessman. B、A Considerate Employer. C、Hardworking Employees. D、Unbelievable Presents.
举一反三
Freedom and Responsibility
Freedom's challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.
Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great
civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very
powerful man ruling over helpless masses.
In Greece, in Athens (雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians
willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free
men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would
be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he
could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was
freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the
welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his
safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control
themselves and would take responsibility for the state.
But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do
not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place
without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It
had been the Athenian' s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never
entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer
who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them.
What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the
primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing.
Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had
a right to share.
Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be
only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the
common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be
had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of
freedom and was never to have it again.
But, “the excellent becomes the permanent”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity (能力) of mankind for
self-government.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest
background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age
cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man's thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of
action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so
sometime.
阅读理解

Geneva(日内瓦)Tourist Guide

    * Universal compact app for iPhone 6 / iPhone 6 Plus / iPhone 5 / iPhone / iPod / iPad GENEVA TOURIST GUIDE with attractions, museums, restaurants, bars, hotels, theatres and shops with traveler reviews and ratings, pictures, rich travel information, prices and opening hours.

    Discover what's on and places to visit in Geneva with our new cool app. It will guide you to top attractions and shopping malls, and tell you directions to hotels, bars, and restaurants. This is an all-in-one app for all the local attractions. Our travel guide to Geneva features up-to-date information on attractions, hotels, restaurants, shopping, nightlife, travel tips and more.

Highlights :

◆ Geneva Information — Overview, climate, geography, history and travel

◆ Attractions — Ancient sites, beaches, botanical gardens, coffee farms, museums, scenic drives, towns, waterfalls, religious and historical sites, etc.

◆ Hotels —From luxury hotels to budget accommodations, including reviews, price comparison, address and more.

◆ Map — It is an interactive map and get turn-by-turn driving directions. Find traffic details, road conditions, street maps, multi map, satellite photos, and aerial maps. Allow you to easily search and find local businesses with directions.

◆ Gallery — Picture galleries of Geneva's most beautiful sights, interesting events, unusual occasions and more.

◆ POI Search — Search everything at Geneva.

Enter any keyword or name to search. Find Name, address, distance, route map, call, and directions to every business location.

◆ Translator — Supports 52 languages, Large text Translation.

◆ World Clock — All major cities of the world (1000 Cities).

阅读理解

8:30 PM—Outlook

    Outlook is back with a new series of reports to keep you informed of all that's new in the world of entertainment. Stories go all the way from the technical to the romantic, from stage to screen. There will be reports of the stars of the moment, the stars of the future and the stars of the past. The director with his new film, the designer with the latest fashion, and the musician with the popular songs are part of the new Outlook. The program is introduced by Fran Levine.

9:00 PM—Discovery

    When a 10-year-old boy gets a first class degree in mathematics or an 8-year-old boy plays chess like a future grand master, they are considered as geniuses. Where does the quality of genius come from? Is it all in the genes or can any child be turned into a genius? And if parents do have a child who might become a genius in the future, what should they do? In this 30-minute film, Barry Johnson, the professor at School of Medicine, New York University will help you discover the answer.

10:00 PM—Science& Health

    Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. After a study of 800 persons with high blood pressure, they found that after 6 months, those devoted to weight loss, exercise and eating a low-salt, low-fat food lost about 13 pounds and became fitter. Plus, 35% of them dropped into the “normal” category(范畴). This week, Dr. Alan Duckworth will tell you how these people reduce their blood pressure to a level similar to what's achieved with Hypertension(高血压) drugs.

Directions: For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

    The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth's surface to each other. These are determined by distance and direction. In early times distance was often expressed in units of time, for example “so many hours' march” or “a day's journey by river”, but such measurements gave more information about the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance. The other element is direction, but for the ordinary traveller, whose main concern was “Where do I go from here?” and “How far away is it?”, the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance. Partly for this reason, written itineraries (行程) for a long time rivaled maps. Even today, certain types of maps, for example, those showing railway systems, may make little attempt to show true directions. Similarly, obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs, realistic or conventional (惯常的), and varied in size to indicate their importance. Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map, and also from place to place, so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed.

    The history of cartography (制图) is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content. In this development, cartography has called in other sciences to its aid. For example, instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday, or of a constellation (星座) in the night sky, or even of a steady wind, use was made of terrestrial magnetism (地磁学) through the magnetic compass, and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy.

    The application of astronomical concepts, and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration, encouraged attempts to map the known world. Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere, but is flattened slightly at the poles, which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas. Meanwhile, the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly. The traveller or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps. The soldier, especially after the introduction of artillery, and the problems of range, field of fire, and dead ground which it raised, demanded an accurate representation of the surface features, in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation (描绘), and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour (等高线) was invented.

阅读理解

    While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world's first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher, Will. Will is just an avatar(用户头像) that appears on the student's desktop, tablet, or smartphone screen, not a human-like robot walking around the classroom.

    Auckland energy company Vector and AI company Soul Machines worked together to develop Will, which has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to perform human-like behavior. The digital teacher is currently assigned to teach Vector's “Be sustainable with energy,” a free program for Auckland elementary schools.

    Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students' responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam(网络摄像头) and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues(非口头提示). For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps capture the students' attention, but also allows the program's developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.

    Vector's Chief Digital Officer, Nikhil Ravishankar says, “What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.”

    Will, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon. For one, the avatar's knowledge base is severely restricted. But more importantly, even the smartest digital avatars could never predict and react to all the unexpected situations that educators have to deal with on a daily basis. However, it could come in handy as a “personal tutor”, providing kids with one-on-one help on specific subjects or even topics.

阅读理解

    Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.

    Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they connect you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.

    The way we affect people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day, or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation(积极性).

    Today's work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they're recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know money is not the only most motivating factor in the work life of most people.

    The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of Emotional Intelligence-knowing your own emotions, and how to deal with them and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.

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