阅读理解 Songs help memories The power of music Most people can remember important news stories clearly, whether ...

题型：阅读选择题类：常考题难易度：普通

北京市怀柔区2018届九年级上学期英语期末检测试卷

阅读理解

Songs help memories

The power of music

Most people can remember important news stories clearly, whether it was the murder of President Kennedy in the US or 9/11.But now psychologists Martin Conway and Catriona Morrison, from the University of Leeds in the UK, are investigating how music can create “autobiographical memories” of the main events in our lives. The study is online. People have to choose a song by the Beatles and describe the memories that they have when they listen to it.

Reminiscence bump

Morrison explained that they looked at different age groups and their memories. We often remember more from when we are teenagers and this is called “the reminiscence bump”. This is the time in your life when you form your idea of who you are. For older people who have memories related to the Beatles' music, most of those memories are from when they were teenagers. But younger people also had clear personal memories from their past.

She loves you

This study was different from other memory studies, because people remembered events from their past with lots more details. Morrison explained: “It was like people had travelled back to the past, and they had very clear memories of things that had happened. When they heard a song like She Loves You by the Beatles, they could remember one night in autumn 1963.They remembered what they were wearing, what the weather was like and what their friend said to them. You get a lot more information than if you just say, ‘tell me about a night you remember'. ”

The study has found that music could be used with people who have problems remembering the past. “You could use music to help improve people's ability to remember,” said Morrison. “In the future, we would like to do more experiments to see how useful music is in helping people to remember the past, and compare it to other things that might also help.”

（1）、Professor Conway and Dr. Morrison's research aims to _____________.

A、see how music can help people remember the past B、study old songs' influence on people's behavior C、find out what influences people's memories of the past D、find ways to help people with memory difficulties

（2）、The example of She Loves You is used to show that ___________.

A、love songs can help people to have clearer memories B、songs tell stories that are similar to our experiences C、music can take people back to their teenage years D、people can remember more details with the help of music

（3）、Morrison's team's future research is probably on ___________.

A、why some people have memory problems B、what methods can best help people bring back memories C、how music can help people in their studies or work D、how to help older people remember more details about the past

举一反三

Can plant eat people? Probably not. But there are many plants that eat meat. Some of them are big, and they can eat small animals. One famous meat- eating plant is the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草).
The Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. It grows in dry parts of the United States. Its leaves are like the pages of the book.. They can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If a fly(苍蝇) touches one of the hairs, the leaf closes very quickly. Then the fly can't go out. In about half an hour, the leaf presses the fly until it is dead. Then, the plant covers the fly. Slowly, the plant eats the fly. Why do plants do it? Most plants get what they need from the sun, the air, and the ground. In some places, the ground is very poor. It doesn't have all the important things, especially nitrogen(氮). Animal meat has a lot of nitrogen. So some plants eat meat to get what they need. Let's hope that some of the bigger plants don't get the same idea.
根据短文内容判断。

       When we talk about intelligence(智力), we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving(表现), especially in a new situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do.
        For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all can be, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. Probably he isn't sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And if he cannot make things work out right, he doesn't feel ashamed(羞愧)that he failed, he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook(看法)on life, a special feeling about life, and how he fits into it.
        If you look at children，you'll see the great differences between what we call “bright” children and “non-bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life, and he tries to get in touch with everything around him; while the unintelligent(不聪明的) child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world: he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.

Do you know that women's brains are smaller than men's? Normally the women's brain weighs 10% less than men's. Since research has shown that the bigger the brain, the cleverer the animal, men must be more intelligent（聪明的） than women. Right? Wrong. Men and women always score similarly on intelligence tests, despite the difference in brain size. Why? After years of study, researchers have concluded that it's what's inside that matters, not just the size of the brain. The brain is made up of “grey matter” and “white matter”. While men have more of the white matter, the amount（数量）of “thinking” brain is almost the same in both men and women.
It has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster, perhaps because the two sides of the brain are better connected in women. This means that little girls may learn to speak earlier, and that women can understand sorts of different information at the same time. When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time, it's women who come out on top every time.
There are other important differences between two sexes（性别）. As white matter is the key to spatial（空间的）tasks, men know better where things are in relation to other things. “A great footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players, and he knows where to go,” says one researcher. That may explain one of life's great mysteries: why men refuse to ask for directions … and women often need to!
The differences begin when fetuses（胎儿）are about nine weeks old, which can be seen in the action of children when they are very young. A boy would try to climb a barrier before him or push it down while a girl would ask for help from others. These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills. It may all go back to our ancestors, among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt, according to one research.

根据短文内容的理解，选择正确答案。

Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, "Every grain on the plate comes from hard work". But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don't waste food.

A CCTV program reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Absolutely not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2013, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year.

Chinese people are well-known for being friendly and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food?

⒈ Don't order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.

⒉ Don't leave any food in your bowls while having meals.

⒊ Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.

阅读理解

We all cry for water when we are thirsty. But do you know, in very hot, dry weather, plants also make very low sounds as if they are crying for help?

You see, in a plant's stem there are several hundred "water pipes" that bring water from soil all the way up to the leaves. When the ground turns dry, it becomes harder and harder for plants to do this.

On very hot days, plants have to get any water that they can get.

Scientist Robot Winter has found out that when plants can get no water, their "water pipes" snap(发出声音). When that happens, the whole plant vibrates(振动) a little.

Robot knows that healthy, well-watered plants are quiet. He also knows that dry plants are many insects' "favourite" and they often attack(袭击) them. How do the insects know which are healthy plants and which are not? Robot thinks that the insects may hear the plants "crying" and they may come to kill them.

阅读理解

June 5th is World Environment Day. This makes us pay more attention to our environment. When Wang Boxuan, a Beijing high school student, uses up his exercise books, he does not throw them away. Each one is kept at his school with hundreds of exercise books that are given by other students. Then they are sold to a Beijing paper-making factory.

The paper is recycled and used again by students and teachers in the school. At the same time, the money that is made from the sales goes to schools in Inner Mongolia(内蒙古). The government there uses the money to plant more trees and grass. This place is one of the sources(源头)of the sandstorms(沙尘暴)that often attack Beijing during springtime.

Wang's school is one of the schools in the capital that take part in the \"green promise" environmental protection activity. So far, nearly210，000 students have taken part in the activity, collecting more than 87 tons of waste paper.

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