- 二一组卷

题型：阅读选择题类：模拟题难易度：困难

江苏无锡惠山区2019届九年级英语一模考试试卷

阅读理解

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees can communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation—their young trees?

Suzanne Simard, forest ecologist(生态学家) at the University of British Columbia, explains how trees are much more complex(复杂的) than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin(达尔文) thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard and her team have made a new discovery and showed just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their group work and support, passing around necessary nutrition(营养) such as nitrogen(氮) and carbon "depending on who needs it".

Nitrogen(氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks. This makes sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it influences all.

Simard talks about "Mother trees". These are usually the largest, oldest plants that on which all other trees depend. These "Mother trees" are connected to all the other trees in the forest by this network of fungi, and may manage the resources of the whole trees and plants in the forest. She explains how these trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important resources to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down "Mother trees" without paying attention to these highly complex "tree societies" of the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances to save the whole forest.

"We didn't take any notice of it," Simard says sadly. "Mother trees" move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

（1）、The underlined sentence "the opposite is true" in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees .

A、compete for survival B、protect their own wealth C、depend on each other D、provide support for dying trees

（2）、"Mother trees" are very important because they .

A、look the largest in size in the forest B、pass on nutrition to young trees C、bring more wealth to humans D、know more about the "tree societies"

（3）、The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to(指代) .

A、how "tree societies" work B、how trees grow old C、how forestry industry develops D、how young trees survive

（4）、We can learn from the passage that .

A、trees aren't as complex as we think B、Charles Darwin had the same opinion as Simard C、if "Mother trees" are cut down, they won't make difference to young trees D、trees can share resources with other ones by the underground fungi networks

举一反三

Apple's logo is one of the most familiar icons(图标) around the world. But what's the story about the Apple logo? The image of the apple is obvious, because that's the name of the company. What about the bite? The famous story is that the logo shows respect and honour for Alan Turing. He was the father of computer science. He researched artificial intelligence(人工智能) and unlocked German wartime codes(密码). However，after the war, he was put into prison，because of his beliefs. He could not stand the looking down and chose to bite a poisoned apple to end his life in the prison.
However, Rob Janoff, who designed the famous Apple logo, said, “It's not the truth, but only a legend(传说, 传奇). The real reason why I designed it with a bite is very simple. I wanted people to get that it was an apple not a cherry (樱桃). When I go to markets to buy apples, I always mistake apples for cherries. It really has nothing to do with the scientist.”
Are you kidding? An apple is much bigger than a cherry. It's very easy to tell. But if you use an apple to design a logo, some people may mistake it for a cherry.

    An astronaut's work may sound exciting, but living in space isn't as fun as you think. The website www.space.com lists the disadvantages of living in space. Here are some of them.
    When astronauts work outside the station during spacewalks, they have to wear special gloves. The gloves are very tight. They can hurt the astronauts' fingernails(手指甲) and even make them fall off.
    In space, you don't have many choices in what you eat. It's hard to get fresh fruits and vegetables. It is not OK to eat bread because it leaves crumbs(碎屑). Crumbs could fly around everywhere.
    In space, it is impossible to have a good shower because water can fly all over the ship and break the machines. Astronauts have to use a special water-shooting(喷水) gun and a washcloth.
    Astronauts lose their bone strength quickly during their stay in space. So far, there is no way to solve this problem. They do exercise while they're in space to try to keep their bones strong as long as possible.
    Perhaps the hardest part of life in space is the feeling of loneliness. Astronauts sometimes have to spend weeks and even months away from Earth. They miss their friends and families.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can't talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds.

Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish“a school(一群)。” They don't study, but they travel together. Dolphins are mammals(哺乳动物)，not fish, but they swim together like fish in a school.

Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say” welcome” when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.

They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them.

Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium(水族馆). People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins don't like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely.

There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody's life. Dolphins' meat is good, but people don't like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.

阅读理解

Dear Edward,

How are you doing? I just visited Machu Picchu in Peru today. I've never seen such a great place before. This place is so amazing that I want to share my feelings with you.

When I first got to Machu Picchu, I felt like I was walking in the sky. Even the clouds were just under my feet. Do you know how high Machu Picchu is? I was surprised that it was at about 2,500m. How could people build a city on such a high mountain? It must have been very difficult to move stones there.

Before the Europeans arrived, the Incas (印加人) were the last and the most modern society in the Andes (安第斯山). The Incas were afraid that the Spanish would find them, so they built Machu Picchu on an Andes plain (平地) as a secret city in the 14th or 15th century. As a result, the Spanish never found Machu Picchu.

An American explorer discovered Machu Picchu in 1911. For a long time before that, nobody even knew Machu Picchu was there. After Machu Picchu was found, it was called “The Lost City of the Incas”. It is still a mystery why and how Machu Picchu was left and forgotten by everyone.

I just had a wonderful day. Especially, I will never forget the “goodbye boy” who was a local boy dressed in traditional Inca clothes. When we went down the mountain by bus, the boy waved goodbye to us until we were out of sight (视线). He shouted some words at us too, and I guess, it meant, “Goodbye, come back again soon!” Why don't you visit Machu Picchu someday? I am sure you will love this place as much as I do.

Yours truly,

Lynn

阅读理解

DNA is the whole" map" of the human body. It is something that all humans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.

People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discovered why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things called "genes" (基因)in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that genes are really messages. They're written in the DNA with a special language.

In 1961, another two scientists found the first" word" that they could understand in that language. It shows how DNA tells the cell(细胞)to build its parts. So far, scientists have found all the words in the DNA map, but we still don't understand what they all do. By understanding what just one" word" means, we can help to save people from several illnesses. So the more we understand, the more doctors will be able to do.

Most people hope that this can help to make better medicine to help sick people. Other people worry that when we learn more" word" and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way. Just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people getting jobs.

阅读理解

As we know, all living things have to eat food. For a man, a tiger, a fish, a bird, or even a worm, food is needed. We know all living things are sure to die without food. In every part of the world, different kinds of animals share living places and live in communities (群落) together. They are connected(联系) in a food chain.

In a food chain, some living things are producers and some are consumers. Plants are producers because they use sunlight, soil and other things to make their own food. Animals are consumers because they have to eat other animals or plants.

There are four different kinds of consumers in the animal world. A carnivore is an animal that only eats other animals. An herbivore is an animal that only eats plants. An omnivore is an animal that eats plants and animals. A scavenger is an animal that eats dead animal.

Here is a picture of a food chain. The food chain shows how animal eat each other in a community. In the picture, you can see what animal or plant is food for another animal. See? The grass is food for a rabbit(兔子), which then becomes food for a hungry tiger. In this way, all of these animals are connected.

相关试卷

公司介绍

服务介绍

帮助中心