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  • 题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

    阅读理解

        The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat down.

        He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day.

        They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire.

        He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his pockets—nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the idea.

        At this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.

        While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked along it, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding-Dong-Dong”,“Ding-Dong-Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopped.

        Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: “Hello! I'm going swimming, but you can't go, can you?”

        No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom's mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working.

        Ben said, “Hello, old fellow, you've got to work, hey?”

        Tom turned suddenly and said, “Why, it's you, Ben! I wasn't noticing.”

         “Say—I'm going swimming. Don't you wish you could? But of course you'd rather work—wouldn't you? Of course you would.”

        Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said, “What do you call work?”

         “Why, isn't that work?”

        Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.

         “Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn't. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.”

         “Oh come, now, you don't mean to say that you like it?”

        The brush continued to move.

         “Like it? Well, I don't see why I shouldn't like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?”

        Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said,“Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”

        Tom thought for a moment, and was about to agree, but he changed his mind.

         “No—no—it won't do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don't think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”

         “No—is that so? Oh come, now—let me just try. Only just a little.”

    “Ben, I'd like to, but if it isn't done right, I'm afraid Aunt Polly ”

         “Oh, I'll be careful. Now let me try. Say—I'll give you the core of my apple.”

         “Well, here—No, Ben, now don't. I'm afraid …”

         “I'll give you all of it.”

        Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought it for a dead rat—and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, Tom had won many treasures.

        And he had not worked. He had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company, and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn't run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.

        He had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get.

    (1)How many characters are mentioned in this story?
    A . 4 B . 5 C . 6 D . 7
    【答案】
    (2)Why did Tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets?
    A . Because he was tired and wanted to play with his toys B . Because he wanted to throw his toys away C . Because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his toys D . Because he wanted to give his toys to his friends
    【答案】
    (3)Tom was about to agree to let Ben whitewash when he changed his mind because ________.
    A . Tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himself B . Tom planned to make Ben give up his apple first C . Tom was unwilling to let Ben do the whitewashing D . Tom was afraid Ben would do the whitewashing better
    【答案】
    (4)We can learn from the passage that ________.
    A . Tom was interested in whitewashing the fence B . Tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others C . Tom was unwilling to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for him D . Tom was good at whitewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of work with the eye of an artist
    【答案】
    (5)What made Ben Rogers eagerly give up his apple and offer to brush the fence for Tom?
    A . His warm heart and kindness to friends. B . His curiosity about Tom's brushing job. C . Tom's threat. D . Aunt Polly's idea.
    【答案】
    (6)Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?
    A . The Happy Whitewasher B . Tom And His Fellows C . Whitewashing A Fence D . How To Make The Things Difficult To Get
    【答案】
    【考点】
    【解析】
      

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  • 举一反三
    阅读理解

        Guide Dogs of America, A History is the book that we all have been waiting for. It's a book that tells how and where the guide dog movement really started, with information never before revealed--until now. After reading this 200-page, picture-filled work, you will know about every aspect of Guide Dogs of America(GDA) from its inception to how it has become one of the top guide dog schools in the country.

        Joseph W. Jones, Sr., was refused a guide dog because of his age--he was fifty seven--but he would not accept defeat. He researched the guide dog movement and with the help of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, established his own school, one that would provide guide dogs free of charge to visually impaired people regardless of their age.

        The school graduated 18 guide dog teams the first year with students staying at, GDA's first trainer, Lambert Kreimer's house on South Virginia Avenue in Burbank, and Jones manning the office on Lankershim Boulevard in North Hollywood.

        In 1952, Jones addressed the quadrennial(四周年纪念的) IAM Grand Lodge Convention in Kansas City, Missouri. “I sincerely prayed to God for two things,” Jones said. “After my wife passed away and left me with a ten-year-old boy, I prayed that I would be spared long enough to see this organization well established and that my ten-year-old boy would become a man. Both prayers have been answered. The organization is well established, it is in the hands of the IAM and my boy is a man, and I am proud to say that today he is a member of the IAM.”

        Jones' pray for a successful organization had been answered now, ten years after he was rejected for being too old, his dream of having a guide dog for himself, hundreds of others had already been given the gift of sight because of his drive and determination. That school, now known as Guide Dogs of America, has provided guide dogs to thousands of people free of charge.

    阅读理解

        Sue Hendrickson is a self-taught fossil(化石)hunter. As a kid, Sue Hendrickson often walked with her head down. “People said, 'Look up. Smile!” she says. “Now, I realize I was born to look for things and just didn't know it.”

        Sue Hendrickson does more than look—she finds valuable things: Shipwrecks(沉船)with treasure, ancient sunken cities, and in 1990, she found Sue, the world's largest, most complete Tyrannosaurus rex(霸王龙). Is Hendrickson lucky? Well, maybe. But she also knows how to look.

        “I limit the area where I'm going to look,” she says. No one knew the location of the sunken ship San Diego in the Philippines. For a year, Hendrickson and other researchers searched papers and sailors' diaries. “The descriptions of the ship's sailors led us to the wreck,” she says. The team also used a tool that can respond to metal. This tool found the San Diego. All the work paid off. The 400-year-old ship was complete, with valuable gold and silver coins.

        To find the dinosaur she calls “the biggest animal that ever walked on earth,” Hendrickson started with maps made to search for oil. What Hendrickson found was the largest and most complete T-rex found to date. The T-rex is 42 feet long with 200 bones! Because it is so complete, scientists were able to infer that Sue walked at about 6 miles per hour and did not run faster than 15 miles an hour. Before Sue was discovered, they thought T-rex was much faster. To learn more about T-rex Sue, go to the Field Museum in Chicago.

        There's plenty left to be found, Hendrickson says, including answers to mysterious such as how T-rex lived. “I tell kids that they need to grow up and work them out because all of us old persons haven't yet!”

    阅读理解

        Shyness May Be Partly Inherited(遗传)

        About 92 million Americans are shy, and according to recent research about half of them inherited the trait.

        The studies were discussed at the American Psychological Convention.

        One study, by Harvard University, was of babies 21- 48 months old. It concluded that these babies had a high heart rate when shown unfamiliar people or different toys.

        Although shyness is not new, it has only recently become of interest to researchers. The first study on the genetic connection was in 1979.

        According to Warren Jones of the University of Tulsa, social relations these days are more complex. "With less ritual(仪式) and more complex situations," he said, "shyness is a national concern."

        Not all shy people are anxious and fearful, according to another study. Evidence shows that only half of shy people are tense, worried, and fearful in social situations.

        Many men use shyness as an excuse for failing in social situations, according to C.R. Snyder of the University of Kansas. "This is not true of females. Perhaps, American men are pressured to be assertive(自信的) and successful. So they would rather say they're shy than admit they're incompetent."

        Shy people may do very well socially after the first meeting with someone. In fact, shy people tend to be more stable.

        The psychologists said shyness seems to be cultural. Japan has the highest rating. China and Israel have the lowest rating. The United States rated in the middle.

    阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

        Almost every second of every day an older adult falls in the United States. That's approximately 29 million falls per year and nearly 27, 000 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

        Still in the stating stage, the Active Pelvis Orthosis (APO) system in Switzerland wants to make a lightweight, wearable exoskeleton (外骨骼) that could detect signs of balance loss and assist with balance recovery to keep the elderly wearer from falling, only when needed.

        Other exoskeletons, either in development or on the market today, assist with movement and make heavy objects feel lighter. Mobility-impaired people can walk again. But none of these devices predict what the wearer is going to do next and take measures to correct an unsteady move.

        The 3 kilogram (6.7 pound) exoskeleton was built entirely from scratch by the research team and is designed to be worn on the lower half of the body. A waistband connects to two movable carbon fiber braces (支架), each one positioned on the outer side of a leg. Tiny motors and so-called "adaptive oscillators" (适配振荡器) in the computer circuits use a special process to detect the, wearer's unique paces. That part takes just a few minutes.

        While wearing the exoskeleton, a person may feel the braces and the motors pushing slightly on their legs. If their paces go against normal, the motors create a force in the braces that cause them to stiffen up and push a little more strongly against the legs, which provides stability.

        In the next three years, the APO hopes to develop something that is commercially available.

    阅读理解

        The Environmental Film Festival has become one of the world's grandest supporters of the environmental film. To offer fresh views on global environmental issues, this year's festival will include a record of 190 films from 50 countries. including 110 premieres(首映). Here are just a few of the highlights.

    ⒈Hot Water

        Featured among the festival's opening night films is the highly expected "Hot Water, " a look 2 the depressing destructive effects of uranium铀) mining in the American West. Former US. Rep Denis Kucinich. who ran for president in 2004 and 2008, is featured in the film, along with filmmakers Elizabeth Kucinich and Lizabeth Rogers Directed by Kevin Flint and

    ⒉To the Wonder

        To the Wonder is the latest film by will-known American Director Trrence Malick. The film, "an exploration of love set against the power of nature," stars Ben Aleck, Olga Kurylenko. Rachel McAdams and Javier Bardem The film premiered in competition at the 2012 Venice Film Festival and is making is Washington D.C premiere during the festival.

    ⒊Revolution

        This Washington D.C. premiere presents the Canadian filmmaker and environmental activist, Rob Stewart's new work, "Revolution" an urging cry to today's youth to change the planet before it's too late. The award-winning documentary takes Stewart through 15 countries over four years, in an effort to find the secret to save the ecosystems we rely on for survival.

    ⒋The Fifth Season

        Beautiful and mystery, Jessica Woodworth's latest feature, "The Fifth Season", is a poetic meditation (EA) on nature in battle against humans." The dramatic narrative takes place in Belgium's secret Ardennes, where the locals rely on the land, but nature takes a turn and seems to go on mysterious strike, In French and Flemish with English subtitles. Directed and produced by Woodworth and Peter Brosens.

     阅读理解

    A team of scientists say that seawater flowing underneath and into gaps in the Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica is contributing to the melting of the massive ice formation.

    "The worry is that we are underestimating the speed that the glacier is changing. It would be disastrous for coastal communities around the world," Christine Dow, co-author of the study, said in a press release.

    At roughly 80 miles across, Thwaites is the widest glacier in the world, nicknamed the "Doomsday Glacier" for the fatal effects its melting could have on global sea-level rise. Each year, it loses about 50 billion tons of ice, which comprises roughly 4% of all sea-level rise worldwide, according to the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration. One estimate predicted that the total loss of Thwaites could cause average global sea levels to surge by more than two feet.

    In the study, the team of glaciologists used radar data by Finland's ICEYE commercial satellite program to get a better idea of what's happening below the surface of the glacier. They found that seawater flows in and away from, the glacier with the tides, mixing with freshwater, but some of that warm ocean water also travels deep beneath the ice formation, going "through natural passages" or collecting "in holes" and becoming trapped.

    "There are places where the water is almost at the pressure of the overlying ice, so just a little more pressure is needed to push up the ice," said Eric Rignot, the study's lead author. "The water is then squeezed enough to jack up a column of more than half a mile of ice."

    Dow suggested that additional ice sheet modeling could help scientists better understand what's happening under these major glaciers and develop a more precise timeline of expected sea-level rise across the world. "This work will help people adapt to changing ocean levels, along with focusing on reducing carbon emissions to prevent the worst-case assumption," Dow said.

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