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题型:阅读理解 题类: 难易度:普通

福建省龙岩市某校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Robots have long been drawing inspiration from animals, with the creation of robot dogs or snake-shaped robots. And yet, the field of robotics is far less enthusiastic about the other kind of living things—plants. Barbara Mazzolai, an Italian roboticist owes this to a misconception about plant behavior: that they cannot move or think. "It's not true at all, " she says. To challenge this view, Dr Mazzolai and her team recently launched a machine called "FiloBot", a robot based on a climbing species. 

To survive, a climbing plant must switch between several different behaviors. In forest environments, it must first grow out of the soil and travel along the ground in search of a support to hold onto, such as a nearby tree. Once a support is located, though, the plant fixes itself around the object and then growing towards the light. To choose the best angle to grow upwards, a climbing plant uses its shoots(芽) to receive information about light and gravity. 

FiloBot has sensors on its main shoot. It can 3D-print its body with plastic and grow at a controllable rate. These functions, researchers found, enabled FiloBot to cross gaps, and find things to attach to. The lack of heavy on-board computing device means that it is light and requires minimal care, while its slow pace means that it doesn't disturb things around it, making it possible to move through a complex, unseen environment, or monitoring disaster sites. 

For now, FiloBot is still being tested. Its tendrils(卷须) have not left the laboratory. Still, it has already been employed in deconstructing plant behaviour. For example, it was long assumed that climbing plants find their supports by growing towards shade, though the exact mechanism was unclear. FiloBot could imitate this behaviour by detecting far-red light, which is typical of shaded areas, providing clues to how plants do it. 

Dr Mazzolai hopes that such projects will inspire other roboticists to take their cues from plants and develop completely new technologies. 

(1)、What does the misconception about plants in the field of robotics focus on?
A、Their shapes. B、Their diversity. C、Their body language. D、Their capabilities.
(2)、What is an advantage of FiloBot?
A、It moves quickly. B、It has a solid metal body. C、It adapts to different environment. D、It is attached to huge computers.
(3)、What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A、The limitations of FiloBot. B、The current use of FiloBot. C、The components of FiloBot. D、The unique feature of FiloBot's design.
(4)、Which of the following is a suitable title for this text?
A、A Role Model for Robotics Research B、A Glimpse into the World of Robotics C、A Plant-Inspired Innovation in Robotics D、A Misunderstanding of the Plant Kingdom
举一反三
阅读理解

    I still clearly remember that day. I was on the side of the road for about four hours with my big jeep. I put signs in the windows that said,“Need a jack (千斤顶).”

    As I was about to give up, a truck stopped and a man got off. He looked at the situation, made a judgment and went back to take a jack. After about two hours, we finished the job with sweats. We were both dirty. His wife took a large bottle of water for us to wash our hands.

    I tried to put $20 in the man's hand, but he wouldn't take it, so I went to give it to his wife quietly. I asked their little girl where they lived. She said they lived in Mexico. They were in Oregon now, so Mommy and Daddy could pick cherries for the next few weeks. After that, they were going to pick peaches and then go home.

    After I said goodbye and started going back to my jeep, the girl ran to me and handed me a tamale(玉米粽子)for lunch. I thanked them again and walked back to my jeep. When I opened the tamale, what did I find inside? My $20! I ran to the truck and the guy rolled down his window. He started shaking his head, smiled and  said in English“Today you, tomorrow me. ” Then he drove away, with his daughter waving to me from the back.

    This family, working on a seasonal basis where time is money, took a couple of hours to help a stranger while others passed by quietly.

    Since then I've helped many people like the Mexican family. I didn't accept their money. Every time I was able to help, I felt as if I was putting something in the bank.

阅读理解

    The Oklalhoma teen's eyes were covered by two blindfolds(眼罩). She didn't know she would meet her father, James, after 12-year separation.

    “I had actually discussed with her the night before at a restaurant and talked over the details of where we would go and how we would pull them of,” said Amanda, Rory Beth's mother.

    A video shows Amanda led her blindfolded daughter out of their car and guided her across the parking lot of Broken Arrow Lanes in Broken Arrow.

    Little did she know, her father was on the sidewalk holding a birthday cake that read, “Happy Birthday Rory Beth, Love Dad.” When the teen slowly pulled down her blindfolds, she was extremely surprised. Both the father and daughter stood silently looking at each other until James finally walked over and hugged her. James only broke their embrace to look at his daughter and hold her face. “There were definitely lots of tears from James, myself, and boys, and even a few bystanders,” said Amanda.

    James was a truck driver who spent a lot of time on the road, so Amanda ended the marriage with him when Rory Beth was a baby. “It was hard to figure out how to make it work,” Amanda said. Amanda felt Rory Beth was now old enough to understand and to ask any questions she may have, so the reunion happened.

    The birthday surprise was on June 4, and the father and daughter had seen each other again since, even celebrating Father's Day together. Amanda said her daughter and James were both delighted to be together.

    “She's already calling him 'daddy' and tells him that she loves him.” Amanda said.

阅读理解

    Tyler Skiuzacek's father,Patrick,could not sleep through the night.It was 2007,and Patrick had just returned from a year in Iraq,where he served in the U.S.Army.Patrick Skluzacek was energetic and happy when he left for Iraq,Tyler says.But when he returned,he was unhappy and drinking alcohol too much.It turned out Patrick was suffering from sleep panic attacks.Patrick would wake up every night.His heart would beat too fast.He would sweat.The nighttime panic attacks prevented Patrick from feeling good the next day,because he was so tired.

    Almost 10 years later,Tyler was in a position to help his father.He thought he could make a computer program that might help his father.So he entered a competition in Washington,D.C,trying to solve the problem Tyler's father and other U.S.war veterans(老兵),were having.People called them “night terrors.”The students had 36 hours to come up with a program.They called it myBivy.That name comes from bivouac,a military term for a safe place to sleep.

    The application uses a smart watch and a smart phone together.The watch tracks the wearer's heartbeat.It sends the data to the program on the smart phone.Research shows that a person's heart rate will increase right before a night terror.So if the wearer's heartbeat started to rise,my B ivy would respond.The smart watch would vibrate(振动)and gently wake up the sleeping person.That was enough to prevent a night terror from happening.

    Patrick wore the watch for two weeks to get used to it.Then,Tyler turned on the application.On the first night,the vibrations from the watch prevented 10 nightmares.Patrick said he had not slept that well in many years.Tyler and his team won the contest in Washington,D.C.The prize was $1,500.Then the group tried to raise more money from investors,and they were surprised when they took in over$25,000.By the spring of 2016,Tyler and his team were testing the app with volunteers,and hoped to make it availab1e to the public soon.

阅读理解

    These days I am on my very best behavior whenever I leave the house. If I am wearing pantyhose(连裤袜), I double-check to ensure there is no hole on it. I drive thoughtfully as if I'm being tested for a license. I won't even allow myself to frown when another driver is blocking my path.

    My kids have noticed my fear in public. "Why are you looking all around, Mum?" they asked.

    "You can't be too careful," I said. "Every single person around us is hiding one of cell phone cameras. They are glad to catch somebody doing something stupid or embarrassing. Then they'll put it on YouTube and a million people will see. I'm not taking any chances."

    "But I don't think anyone is interested in filming you putting on your lipstick for a YouTube video." answered one kid.

    "Oh, really? Don't count me out so quickly." I said.

    Actually, in some cases, I am all for public shaming. For example, I admire the cleverness of the man who put up a website where he posts photos of cars and license numbers of people who occupy two parking spots. And I take secret pleasure in photos of politicians with their fingers in their noses. Throwing light on bad behavior can awake the sleepy conscience(良知).

    But what about the poor guy who has already had a bad day at work and then loses his temper at a rude store clerk? What about the woman whose only crime is a terrible judgment error at the hairdresser? Do they deserve to have their images uploaded onto the Internet for all the world to see?

    None of this is new, of course. Allen Funt pioneered the art of catching people during unguarded moments back in the 1940s with "Candid Camera". But there's a difference. On "Candid Camera", people are set up in staged situations, such as riding in an elevator that goes sideways. And they must give permission before they enjoy their fifteen minutes of fame. Now we are a nation of Allen Funts. This can't be a good thing.

阅读理解

    One of the most famous buildings in the United States is Carnegie Hall, the home of classical and popular music concerts in New York. Carnegie Hall is known not just for its beauty and history, but also for its amazing sound. Carnegie Hall is named after Andrew Carnegie, who paid for its construction. Construction of Carnegie Hall began in 1890 and the official opening night was on May 5th, 1891.

    The hall was owned by the Carnegie family until 1924 when it was sold to Robert E Simon. The building became very old and in 1960, the new owner made plans to destroy it and build an office block. Isaac Stem led a group of people who fought to save Carnegie Hall and finally, the city of New York bought it for $5 million. It was then fixed up between 1983 and 1995.

    Advertisements and stories in newspapers about how Carnegie Hall needed help to recover its history led people to send in old concert programmes and information from all over the world. Over 12,000 concert programmes were received and with these it was possible to make a proper record of Carnegie Hall's concert history.

    Carnegie Hall is actually made up of several different halls, but the Main Hall, now called the Isaac Stem Auditorium, is the most famous. The hall itself can hold an audience of 2,804 in five levels of seating.

    Because the best and most famous musicians of all time have played at Carnegie Hall, it is the dream of most musicians who want to be great to play there. This has led to a very old joke which is now part of Carnegie Hall's history. Question: “How do I get to Carnegie Hall?” Answer: “Practice, practice, practice.”

 阅读理解

Lovers often use flowers, chocolates, sweet gifts or grand declarations to express feelings deep in their hearts. But this year, you could let your love take off by traveling with that special someone on a romantic adventure. These are some romantic destinations which might bring new joy to your life and, most importantly, more fun and excitement to your relationship.

Stairs of the Turks, Sicily

Scala dei Turchi, or Stairs of the Turks, at Realmonte, southern Sicily, Italy. The Scala is formed by mud, a sedimentary rock(沉积岩) with a characteristic white color and is a popular tourist attraction and place to sun bath. In the film Malèna, the hero, 12-year-old Renato, always stare at the sunset here with his friends.

Somerset House in London

Located in central London, Somerset House is a popular filming location with its exterior featuring in several big budget Hollywood films. In the winter, its central courtyard is turned into an open-air playground for skating, as seen during the well-received film Love Actually.

Pokhara, Nepal

Pokhara is considered the tourism capital of Nepal. With two major hilltops as viewpoints to see the city and surrounding view, the city has recently added a bungee jumping site (the second in Nepal): Water Touch Bungee Jumping. Visitors also come here for adventure activities such as paragliding and skydiving. In the film Up in the Wind starring Ni Ni and Jing Boran, two young people climb up to the mountaintop and wait for the strong wind to carry them for paragliding. It becomes a moment of spiritual uplift.

Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan

A canal decorated with Victorian-style street lamps runs through Otaru. The city attracts many Japanese tourists as well as Russian visitors. Otaru is well known for its beer, fresh sushi and handicrafts like studio glass and musical boxes. At the poster of Japanese film Love Letter, Hiroko Watanabe stands among the snowy town and honors her dead lover.

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