Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

    Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting（收缩）and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

    Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: “Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

    The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see and guide whether we see fear.”

    To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner（扫描仪）to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.

    “We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak' to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,” Dr Garfinkel said.

    “We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

    The Rugby (英式橄榄球) World Cup is currently being held in New Zealand. The tournament, due to finish on October 23, is living up to the famous English saying, “Rugby is a thug's (暴徒) game played gentlemen. ”

    The games are physically aggressive; the tackles (冲撞) on the pitch are brutal; but the end of each match is a civilized affair. Players shake hands and applaud each other. Of course, the other side to this saying is: "Football is a gentleman's game played by thugs. " Indeed, unlike soccer players, rugby players don't often question the referee's (裁判员) decisions or pretend to be injured when they are not.

    “Football could learn a lot from rugby," said Brian Moore, a former England rugby player "The wonderful spirit of rugby is: there is a gentlemanly code to it. You play hard on the pitch, but you always respect your opponent..

    Rugby is mainly played in Europe. Australia, New Zealand and parts of Africa. "It is more enjoyable to play than soccer because you are always involved in the game," said Peter, a Welsh rugby coach. "Rugby is also a far superior test of strength, stamina (耐力) and determination. "

    Most professional rugby players are large, strong and weigh over 90 kilograms. People who play the sport need to be tough and be prepared to get hurt. Black eyes, broken bones, lost teeth and being knocked unconscious—all these are common injuries. Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is blind in one eye thanks to a rugby accident at school.

    In England, children begin playing the game at school at the age of 8. When they enter high school, many begin to play full contact rugby. Children are taught to play for around one hour a week during their PE lessons. Most schools have a rugby team. Children who play for the school team are usually the sportiest kids, and are seen as brave and athletic.

    Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose it,but it is also true that we do not know what we have been missing until it arrives.

    It takes an hour to like someone,and a day to love someone,but it takes a lifetime to forget someone.Giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they will love you back.Do not expect love in return;but if it does not,be content it has grown in yours.Do not rely on one's appearance;it can trick you.Do not rely on wealth;even that fades away.Rely on someone who makes you smile,because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright.

    There are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them.Dream what you want to dream;go where you want to go;be what you want to be,because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.

    The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past.You cannot go on well in life until you let your past failures and heartaches go off.May you have enough happiness to make you sweet,enough trails to make you strong,enough sorrow to keep you human,enough hope to make you happy.The happiest of people do not necessarily have the best of everything;they just make the most of everything that comes along their way.Happiness waits for those who cry,those appreciate the importance of people who have touched their lives.Always put yourself in others' shoes.If you feel that it hurts you,it probably hurts the other person,too.

    When you were born,you were crying and everyone around you was smiling.Live your life so that when you die, you are the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying.

    When my son was about five or six, I traveled a lot on business. I worried all the time about what the absence might mean to him. I knew how important it was for a boy to have his father near. When I was small, the times I loved most were the special moments I shared with my father. I cherished these special moments and, to this day, hold those memories dear. I decided to create those kinds of special times for my son.

    In one of my letters home, I promised my son that I would teach him how to fly a kite and that we could go to a nearby beach and fly it as high as it would go. Through my travels I would pick up things for our kite adventure and send them to him. In my trip to Japan, I found the most beautiful blue silk with gold threads（线）woven through it. Perfect kite materials! I sent it home with a picture book that would serve as a weight.

    When I got home at night, I found him sleeping sound, surrounded by all the items I had sent him for our kite. For the next week, we started to work on our masterpiece. We had our time together in the garage, after dinner. Finally, it was finished. The blue silk made it so beautiful. He was obviously eager to fly it soon. “We'll fly it tomorrow, right, Dad?” “Yes, if the weather is right,” I explained that we needed wind to lift the kite off the ground. I was afraid that it might rain. “We'll fly it because I'm going to pray with all my heart for the best kite weather.” He was right. I will never underestimate（低估）the power of a child's prayer any more.

    My son is a dad now, with children of his own. Though we are both busy, we still try to make time for each other. The other day, we met for coffee. While paying for our coffee, his wallet dropped on the ground and something fell out. Suddenly, a flood of memories washed over us as he put back his treasure into wallet—the blue silk with gold threads woven through it.

    In this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.

    Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. "The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible,” said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

    Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburgh's educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.

    Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income growth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employment in the last 10 years.

    However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. What's more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So it'd be wise to find ways to increase the population.

One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps foot part of the school fee. Here are 4 types of part-time jobs that provide students with extra income. 

Jobs with employer scholarships

Some companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs. Taco Bell, for instance, offers its part-time employees the chance to win up to a $ 25 , 000 award through its Live Mas Scholarship. The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two-or four-year college. Employees must have worked for the company at least three continuous months. 

Work-study

For years the work-study program has allowed students to earn money through part-time work. Students aged between 16 and 24 who submit Free Application for Student Aid maybe qualified for the program. While these jobs aren't always on campus, students in work study earn at least $7. 25 per hour-the state minimum wage. 

Paid internships

A paid internship (实习) can not only help students pay for college but can also open doors for full-time work after graduation . According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, nearly two-thirds of paid interns received a job offer, while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job. 

On-demand economy jobs

Known for its flexibility, the jobs can help students carn cash between classes. These on-demand jobs include completing small jobs, making deliveries or even driving for ride-booking services. Students can typically earn more through on-demand work, ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.