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题型:阅读理解 题类: 难易度:普通

河北省石家庄市2024届普通高中学校毕业年级教学质量检测(二)英语试卷

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳答案。

There're plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets.But while those red juicy strawberries look  fresh,consumers have no way  of knowing how  long the  fruit  can be  stored  at  home.The  same  goes  for distribution centers and supermarkets.

Now,the food technology startup OneThird,located in the Netherlands,is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线)scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last.The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage(变质)every year.

The startup's founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food."I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce.One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life." founder and CEO of OneThird,Marco Snikkers said.  Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually(手动地).An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality.Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.

Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis.This means that a shipment of ripe tomatoes will not be sent long distances away.

OneThird's scanner combines the technology of optical scanners,image modeling,and Artificial Intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions.  The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. "Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact;reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,"said Jacob Smith,a climate expert from the University of Maine.

(1)、What problem does OneThird aim to solve?
A、The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables. B、Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers. C、Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life. D、Consumers' difficulty judging the freshness of produce.
(2)、What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using infrared scanner?
A、The use of the device in another field. B、Observation of the food-supply chain. C、Consumer demands for fresher produce. D、Experts' advice  on food waste reduction.
(3)、What can we learn about the manual quality inspections?
A、They are time-consuming and costly. B、They are not performed at a regular time. C、The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement. D、The shipping time is not taken into consideration.
(4)、What's Jacob's attitude to OneThird's effort?
A、Approving B、Doubtful. C、Tolerant. D、Dismissive.
举一反三
阅读理解

Mobile World Congress

    Mobile World Congress (MWC) is the world's biggest and best mobile industry event consisting of a big exhibition, an award-winning conference, outstanding networking opportunities and the Glomo Awards.

    Who is MWC for?

    MWC is a B2B event for anyone and everyone in mobile and those in nearby industries who want to discover how mobile technology can benefit their industries. In short, anyone in business will find relevant learning and networking opportunities to make the trip to Barcelona worthwhile.

    Where does MWC take place?

    Mobile World Congress takes place each year in the Mobile World Capital Barcelona, Spain, at twolocations: Fira Gran Via and Fira Montjuic. Fira Gran Via is a cutting-edge exhibition and conference facility(场所)located just 10 km from the Barcelona airport. The physical address of it is:

    Fira Graft Via Av. Joan Carles I, 64 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona

    Unless otherwise noted, all events take place at Fira Gran Via. However, selected events, including 4YFN, will take place at Fira Montjuic, a historical location 4 km down the road.

    Fira Montjuic Avda. Reina Maria Cristina, s/n 08004 Barcelona

    Please do not send any MWC materials or shipments to the above addresses as they will be refused.

    When is it?

    Mobile World Congress occurs at die end of February each yea£. Our 2017 event will begin Monday, 27 February and continue through Thursday, 2 March, If you're planning your travel now, note we encourage attendees to arrive in Barcelona and collect their badges (徽章) over the weekend before the event, 25-26 February.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

阅读理解

    Last year I ruined (毁) my summer vacation by bringing along a modem convenience that was too convenient for my own good: the iPad. Instead of looking at nature, I checked my email. Instead of paddling a small boat, I followed my Twitter feed (推特简讯). Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four newspapers each morning. I was behaving as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my head wasn't.

    So this year I made up my mind to try something different: withdrawal (退出) from the Internet. I knew it wouldn't be easy, since Fm bad at self-control. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad to my wife.

    The cellphone signal (信号) at our house was worse than in the past, making my attempts at cheating an experience in frustration (沮丧). I was trapped, forced to go through with my plan. Largely cut off from email, Twitter and my favorite newspaper websites, I had few ways to connect to the world except for radio and how much radio can one listen to, really? I had to do what I had planned to all along: read books.

    This experience has had a happy ending. With determination and the strong support of my wife, I won in my vacation struggle against the Internet, realizing finally that it was I, not the iPad, that was the problem. I knew I had won when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. “I don't need it,” I said.

    However, as we return to post-vacation life, a harder test begins: Can I continue when Fm back at work? There are times when the need to know what's being said right now is great. And I have no intention (愿望) of giving up my convenience completely. But I hope to resist (抵抗) the temptation (诱惑) to check my email every five minutes, which leads to checking my Twitter feed and a website or two.

    I think a vacation is supposed to help you reset your brain to become more productive. Here I hope this one worked.

阅读理解

    As any plane passenger will confirm, a crying baby is almost impossible to ignore, no matter how hard you try. Now scientists believe they may have worked out why. A baby's cry pulls at the heartstrings(扣人心弦)in a way while other cries don't, researchers found.

    Researchers found that a baby's cry can trigger unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them—whether we are parents or not. Other types of cries, including calls of animals in great pain, fail to get the same response, suggesting the brain is programmed to respond specifically to a baby's cry.

A team of Oxford University scientists scanned the brains of 28 men and women as they listened to a variety of calls and cries. After 100 milliseconds — roughly the time it takes to blink (眨眼) —two parts of the brain that respond to emotion lit up. Their response to a baby's cry was particularly strong. The response was seen in both men and women—even if they had no children.

    Researcher Dr Christine Parsons said, “You might read that men should just notice a baby and step over it and not see it, but it's not true. There is a special processing in men and women, which makes sense from an evolutionary(演化的)view that both men and women would be responding to these cries.” The study was in people who were not parents, yet they are all responding at 100ms to these particular cries, so this might be a fundamental response present in all of us regardless of parental status.

    Fellow researcher Katie Young said it may take a bit longer for someone to recognize their own child's cries because they need to do more “fine-grained analysis”. The team had previously found that our reactions speed up when we hear a baby crying. Adults performed better on computer games when they heard the sound of a baby crying than after they heard recordings of adults crying.

阅读理解

    Canterbury College

    COURSE A

    This course will enable students to experience performing arts and the media at a basic level. It will give them the experience to decide if they wish to develop an interest in this field and to train their potential and adaptability for working in a performance company in either a performing or a technical role.

    COURSE B

    The aim of this course is to provide a series of training in business-related skills and a comprehensive knowledge of business practice. It is for students with a business learning experience who can manage a heavy workload.

    COURSE C

    This course gives a foundation for a career in caring for children, the elderly or people with special needs. Core units are Emergency Treatment, Communication and Information Technology. Practical training is an important part of the course.

    COURSE D

    This course is designed to provide an introduction to the construction industry. Units covered include Heat, Light and Sound, Introduction to the Urban Environment, Communication Processes and Techniques. All students will complete vocational assignments with work experience in the big companies.

    COURSE E

    The qualifications gained and the skills developed on this course will provide a good basis for gaining employment in office work. In addition to word processing, the course also covers spreadsheets, computerized accounting, databases and desktop publishing. All students are given chances to develop their confidence, and advice and information is given on job search skills, presentation techniques and personal appearance.

    COURSE F

    This course is designed to provide a foundation in graphic and visual communication skills. Students complete units in picture composition and photographic processing alongside elements of graphic design, and gain hands-on experience of desktop publishing and presentations.

阅读理解

    This is a family story my father told me about his mother, my grandmother.

In 1949, my father had just returned home from the war. On every American highway you could see soldiers in uniform hitchhiking home to their families, as was the custom at that time in America.

    Sadly, the thrill of his reunion with his family was soon overshadowed. My grandmother became very ill and had to be hospitalized. It was her kidneys, and the doctors told my father that she needed a blood transfusion immediately or she would not live through the night. The problem was that grandmother's blood type was AB-, a very rare type even today, but even harder to get then because there were no blood banks or air flights to ship blood. All the family members were typed, but not one member was a match. So the doctors gave the family no hope; my grandmother was dying.

    My father left the hospital in tears to gather up all the family members, so that everyone would get a chance to tell grandmother goodbye. As my father was driving down the highway, he passed a soldier in uniform hitchhiking home to his family. Deep in grief, my father had no inclination at that moment to do a good deed. Yet it was almost as if something outside himself pulled him to a stop, and he waited as the stranger climbed into the car.

    My father was too upset to even ask the soldier his name, but the soldier noticed my father's tears right away and inquired about them. Through his tears, my father told this total stranger that his mother was lying in a hospital dying because the doctors had been unable to locate her blood type, AB-, and if they did not do it before nightfall, she would surely die.

    It got very quiet in the car. Then this unidentified soldier extended his hand out to my father, palm up. Resting in the palm of his hand were the dog tags from around his neck. The blood type on the tags was AB-. The soldier told my father to turn the car around and get him to the hospital.

    My grandmother lived until 1996, 47 years later, and to this day no one in our family knows the soldier's name. But he is always remembered by us.

阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    After I mastered my first concerto (协奏曲) at the age of 14, my parents decided to get me a nice violin. I tried out dozens of instruments before I found my match: a German violin. It was beautiful, but what I liked best about it was its voice. Confident and strong, it was everything I longed to be.

    I'm not sure how much that violin cost, but my parents made me promise never to let it out of my sight. They didn't understand that pulling a large violin case ran counter to my daily middle school task of not being noticed. I was a strange, absent-minded kid. When I spoke up in class, my comments brought confused silence from teachers and wild laughter from students. Like a deer in a wolf pack, I tried to be quiet and still.

    However, my new violin was almost shockingly loud. Together, we were much louder than the rest of my middle school orchestra—which was encouraged, since the other kids made sounds like cats' crying. For one wonderful hour every day, I was showered with attention. Everyone wanted to hear what I had to say.

    Between classes, I bent under the combined weight of my violin case and a backpack filled with books. My body suffered, but my confidence grew. With my violin by my side, I found my voice. More and more, I contributed to class discussions and even made a couple of friends.

    Today, I'm just an excellent violinist with a regular day job. As I sit in my community orchestra, sometimes I feel jealous (嫉妒的) of my fellow musicians' instruments with their elegant voices. I may not be the best violinist around, but at least I'm still the loudest.

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