题型:阅读理解 题类:真题 难易度:普通
2013年高考英语真题试卷(浙江卷)
The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother” — the real mother or the mother-substitute(母亲替代物).
During the first two weeks of its warmth is perhaps the most important psychological(心理的) thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes — one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother
Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact(接触的) comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesn't“rub”as well as does soft wire cloth. Prolonged(长时间的)“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.
According to the Harlows, the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a fury little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom, the bay rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace(拥抱)as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding on to its “mother.”
Everyone likes travelling. Travelling makes a person relaxed and get lots of knowledge, especially for teenagers. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} You don't need to be rich to travel, but knowing how much money you have is necessary. If you are not available, you may decide to put off your trip.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}If you are working, check how much vacation time you have saved up. Check your calendar and decide how many days you can spend travelling.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Find out the right season and the right time to leave. For example, if you want to be a tourist in Hangzhou, you'd better start your trip in April or May.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}There are many websites that you can use to search for your flights, your hotels and many other places which you can visit. You can even book (预订) everything online.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Think about what to take during the trip. Your ID card, your passport, your phone, your underwear, your shoes and everything you have to take. Or you will spend your money buying them again.
A. Choose when to go B. Listen to your friend C. Prepare enough money D. Make detailed (详细的) preparations E. Know how long you will be away F. Don't forget about your things |
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