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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山东省曲阜市昌平中学2017届九年级上学期英语开学摸底考试试卷

任务型阅读,阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成下列各题。

    In the past, many students practiced English with their pen friends — they sent letters to people all around the world. However, we now send emails to others and chat with people who live quite far away on the Internet.

    Here's some advice on how to succeed in your online language exchanges:

    How to start a conversation when speaking English online When you speak to somebody online, start by asking “Yes or No” questions. Use questions such as “Do you like …?” or “Can you …?” or “Have you ever …?”

    Remember your goal. You are trying to learn about the other person. Think about things you enjoy and try to find some common ground between you. And share your own experiences to show that you have similar interests. If you only ask questions, you will sound like a policeman or a policewoman!

    How to keep a conversation going “Listen” carefully. In that way, you can get to know somebody well. When you know him or her well, you will have more to talk about.

    Then ask follow-up questions. After you “listen”, use what you “hear” to learn more about that person. Use “open ended” questions, such as “What do you think of …?” or “What was the most interesting experience ...?”

    Remember some basic rules for online language exchanges.

    Be patient. Do not try to find a good friend right away.

    Be careful. Don't give any personal information on the Internet, especially your address, telephone number, and even your real name.

(1)、How did many students practice English with their pen friends in the past?

By .

(2)、How should you start a conversation when speaking English online?

By asking .

(3)、Can you share your own experiences online with other people?

.

(4)、What does the writer think of giving personal information online?

It's .

(5)、What is the passage mainly about?

It is mainly about advice on .

举一反三
Zhalong is a nature reserve in Heilongjiang in north-east China. It is one of the world's most important wetlands. The reserve covers an area of 210,000 hectares. The area provides food and shelter for wildlife. It is an ideal home for different kinds of plants, fish and birds.
Many birds live comfortably in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round, while some only stay there for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can easily catch them for food. Zhalong has long been called “the home of the crane”. There are 15 crane species (物种) in the world. 8 of them are in China and there are 6 species in Zhalong area. It is an important living area for the rare red-crowned cranes. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world. Every spring and summer, red-crowned cranes lay and hatch (孵化) their eggs in Zhalong.
Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife. More and more birds are in danger because they do not have enough living space. Many of them died. The Chinese government wants to protect these endangered birds, and they can be safe in Zhalong.
Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds. This year, members of our Bird-watching Club are going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and the changes in their numbers. The study begins next month.
We _______ once a year. We are now inviting secondary school students to help. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds.
Many people do not understand the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife.


    Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
    You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
    Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50cm from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
    When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect(反射) on the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists(手腕)
    Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these rules: ①Rest your wrists on something. ②Keep your elbows at the same height as the keyboard. ③Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
    Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms, wrists, hands and the upper part of your legs should all the parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and neck.

阅读理解

    American Sign Language, often called ASL, is used by most people with hearing problems in the United States and Canada.

    Besides ASL, there are more than fifty sign languages used throughout the world today, including Mayan Sign, British Sign, Israeli Sign, and Chinese Sign. Like spoken languages, sign languages are different from each other. But all sign languages are based on sight instead of sounds.

    Sign languages have several main visual (视觉) parts that work together to express meaning. The first part is the shape made by the hands. Movement is also important. Moving the body or organs (器官) like hands affects the meaning of the shape. The place where the sign is made and the direction the hands face are crucial as well. Other visual clues (线索), such as the expression on a person's face, can sometimes change a sign's meaning. For example, a change in a smile can show whether a signer is happy, very happy, or overjoyed. Raising the eyebrows can mark a question.


    In sign languages, the visual parts are combined (结合) in different ways to create signs.

These signs stand for things, actions, feelings, and ideas. ASL has about 4,000 different signs. Like spoken  languages,  sign  languages  cannot  be  translated  word-for-word.  

    For English word may be represented by a series of signs in ASL. Or several English words may be

represented by a single ASL sign. Unlike spoken languages, the signs are organized according to sign-language grammar and the most important word or idea is signed first.

    In ASL, the letter signs are made with one hand. Signers would rarely, if ever, spell out all the words they are signing. That would be as awkward and slow as speakers spelling each spoken word. However, American Sign Language does not have signs for proper names, so signers may use the alphabet to spell these. Also, sign languages often borrow words from other languages. They may spell words using finger spelling which is done with a set of hand shapes that stand for letters of the alphabet.

    Sign languages  develop  naturally  when  people  with  shared  culture  and  needs  want  to communicate with each other. Signers are closely linked to each other, perhaps more than to speaking people in their own communities. Signers share points of view, values, needs, and problems,as well as languages.

阅读理解

    Soon computers and other machines will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes! The program works because everyone's eyes are different. So in the future you won't have to remember the number of your credit card when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank. You'll just have to look at the machine and it will be able to tell who you are.

    The eye-recognition(眼睛识别)program has already been tested in shops and banks in the USA, Britain, Spain, Italy and Turkey. Soon this technology will take the place of all other ways of finding out who people are.

    Eye-recognition is a course of recognizing iris(虹膜), which includes the following steps. First, a kind of machine needs to collect different examples of one's iris from his eyes and store them. Second, when this person goes to the bank to take out money, this machine will have iris feature extraction(采集). Then, this machine will compare the examples kept in it with iris feature extraction. Once the examples and the feature extraction are the same, this person will be identified, and he will take out the money from the bank successfully.

    However, scientists are also working on other systems. Machines will soon be able to know you from the shape of your face or hand or even your smell! We already have machines that can tell who you are from your voice or the mark made by your finger.

    Eye-recognition is better than other kinds because your eyes don't change as you get older, and don't get dirty like hands or fingers, and even twins have different eyes. So the eye-recognition program can be up to 94% correct, depending on how good the technology is. However, some other programs may only be 51% correct now. In Britain, it was found that 91% of people who had tried it said that they liked the idea of eye-recognition.

    In the future your computer will be looking you in the eye. So smile!

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